手機(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)最(zui)(zui)常見的(de)(de)類(lei)型有(you)(Li-ion)鋰(li)離(li)子(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)、鋰(li)聚合物超(chao)薄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)、NI-MH鎳氫離(li)子(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)。不(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)類(lei)型電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)門限（標志充滿(man)/放盡的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓）不(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)，其(qi)中鋰(li)離(li)子(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)有(you)3.7V/4.3V和(he)3.6V/4.2V之分。而(er)市面上的(de)(de)“萬(wan)能(neng)手機(ji)(ji)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器”據稱能(neng)較好地兼容(Li-on)鋰(li)離(li)子(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)。記者采訪了一(yi)些業內人(ren)員。他們普遍對(dui)“萬(wan)能(neng)手機(ji)(ji)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器”表示(shi)質疑：“采用標準(zhun)的(de)(de)恒流(liu)轉恒壓充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)方式(shi)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)容量的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)額定充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)，最(zui)(zui)大不(bu)(bu)(bu)超(chao)過1C （C是電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)容量），難道500mAh和(he)1300mAh的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)能(neng)用同(tong)(tong)(tong)樣的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)？”

    當然，目前已經有更先進的快速充電方式（比如-DV/DT），具有良好的兼容性。但是要想生產出合格的產品必須采用專門的運算芯片和檢測電路，這樣的產品綜合成本沒100元別想拿下。那些賣幾十元（實際成本恐怕不到10元）的“萬能手機充電器”采用了什么新技術能自動根據不同的電池提供適合的電流和適合的門限電壓，從而達到萬能的功效呢？實在是讓人可疑！!
三大質疑： 

質疑一： 仔(zi)細(xi)研究“萬(wan)能手機(ji)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器”，我們發現(xian)它只有(you)兩根(gen)輸(shu)出(chu)線(xian)，而我們知道設計完善的(de)電(dian)(dian)池充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器至少有(you)三線(xian)輸(shu)出(chu)。電(dian)(dian)池中間的(de)兩根(gen)一般是數據(ju)反(fan)饋線(xian)和溫度及告警線(xian)，大部分鋰(li)離子電(dian)(dian)池內部都有(you)保護(hu)電(dian)(dian)路甚至是智能管(guan)理芯片(pian)。“只有(you)兩根(gen)輸(shu)出(chu)線(xian)”意味(wei)著該充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器放棄了電(dian)(dian)池本身(shen)具備(bei)的(de)保護(hu)電(dian)(dian)路。也只有(you)這(zhe)樣做才能實現(xian)“廉價的(de)萬(wan)能”。

質疑二：“許多制作精度不高的充電器都采用調低截止電壓的方式（正常截止電壓是4.2V） 。它們把門限正態分布值設置為4V左右。這樣做使充電本身安全了，但電池卻永遠充不滿。等于電池容量減少了，導致充電次數的增加，也導致了電池壽命的縮短。 
鋰離子電池非常嬌氣和敏感。鋰離子電池充電吸收效率幾乎是100%，無論是大電流過充電或者小電流夠充都能導致電池失效。所以電池門限控制可以說是充電控制的關鍵！;最佳的充電方法是直充充電器對手機進行關機充電――直充提供恒定直流電壓，再經手機內帶有精密參考電壓源、同時受軟件控制的帶溫度補償功能和數據交換功能的可編程超大規模手機電源芯片對電池進行充電，可以達到幾乎理想的效果。許多手機在軟件工程模式下還能精密調節電壓參數，精度達到0.01V。這些都是座充等其他充電方式不容易做到的，完善的蛋型充電器應包含直充的隔離、AC/DC轉換及穩壓，和座充的充電監控等所有功能。所以，這樣的蛋型充電器的成本幾乎是兩者之和。而(er)市(shi)面的蛋型充電器幾乎都(dou)是廉價的垃圾！”

質疑三：現在越來越多的消費者已經認識到了手機12～16小時初充電的說法不正確，這種說法是沿用以前老鎳類電池的模式。對于鋰離子電池根本不需要，甚至有害！這是因為鋰離子優點很多，但也有一個最致命缺點――非常脆弱！所以，幾乎所有的鋰離子里有安裝防止過充過放的保護電路（粗保護，更精確的保護由用電設備的電池管理電路實現）。另外，鋰離子電芯生產完成后就已經有電，不存在激活問題。為了減少電芯存放時間長而引起的容量下降，一般建議首次使用或長期存放后首次使用，采用深度放電再充滿的方式。充滿是指燈變色后多充電20～50%的時間。對于鋰離子電池，寧欠也勿飽。欠，可能導致單次輸入容量下降，過飽卻可能導致不可恢復的硬傷。
    顯然，由(you)于鋰(li)離子(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)對充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流敏感，過大充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流很(hen)容(rong)易導致(zhi)(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)發熱發脹、活性(xing)(xing)物質脫落(luo)等問(wen)題，“萬能(neng)手(shou)機(ji)(ji)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)”不(bu)能(neng)對不(bu)同(tong)容(rong)量電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)提供不(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)和(he)(he)(he)適合的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流。那么安(an)全性(xing)(xing)如(ru)何保障(zhang)？鋰(li)離子(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)對充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流、尤其是充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)幾個門檻電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)要(yao)求很(hen)高，而目(mu)前幾乎所有(you)蛋充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)都(dou)未使(shi)用(yong)精密電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)源(yuan)（比如(ru)TL431或類似的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)功(gong)(gong)能(neng)單(dan)元）而只是使(shi)用(yong)精度和(he)(he)(he)溫度穩定(ding)性(xing)(xing)都(dou)非常差的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)廉(lian)價Zener管做參考電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)源(yuan)，導致(zhi)(zhi)門限電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)離散性(xing)(xing)很(hen)大，飄移嚴重。為了避免意(yi)外，不(bu)少廠家(jia)有(you)意(yi)把(ba)門限電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)調小以(yi)保障(zhang)即便出(chu)現比較大的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)正誤差也不(bu)至出(chu)現問(wen)題，導致(zhi)(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)長期(qi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)不(bu)飽。缺乏(fa)對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)容(rong)量的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)智能(neng)檢(jian)測是所謂“萬能(neng)手(shou)機(ji)(ji)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)”天生的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最致(zhi)(zhi)命缺陷。 在采訪中，記者了解到充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)如(ru)果(guo)要(yao)實(shi)現“萬能(neng)”，必(bi)須(xu)具(ju)備(bei)(bei)以(yi)下(xia)特點(dian)： 1. 由(you)于手(shou)機(ji)(ji)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)是直接使(shi)用(yong)220V的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，它必(bi)須(xu)包含手(shou)機(ji)(ji)直充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)（具(ju)備(bei)(bei)AC/DC轉換、并輸出(chu)穩定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)和(he)(he)(he)足夠的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流）或手(shou)機(ji)(ji)座充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)管理電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路（充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)控制與管理及(ji)保護）的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)功(gong)(gong)能(neng)。

2. 鋰(li)離子電(dian)(dian)池(chi)充電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)必須根據電(dian)(dian)池(chi)容(rong)量大小而定。電(dian)(dian)流(liu)過小導致(zhi)充電(dian)(dian)時間(jian)大幅度延長，電(dian)(dian)流(liu)過大會導致(zhi)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)內壓增加、發(fa)熱、結構受(shou)損，直(zhi)至危害(hai)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)壽命(ming)。

3. 鋰離子電池是非常非常嬌氣的，準確和穩定的門檻電壓控制對電池壽命有很大影響。該款電池充電器并未采用足夠精度的電壓參考源電路，而且由于設計功率余量不足，充電器本身容易發熱，導致門檻電壓產生溫飄，影響充電控制精度。
4. 萬能(neng)(neng)充(chong)電(dian)器在(zai)(zai)達(da)(da)到3.9V-4.34V（標準應(ying)該(gai)是4.2V）轉恒壓充(chong)電(dian)數小時后(hou)，充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)并未完全關(guan)死而存(cun)在(zai)(zai)較大(da)漏電(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)。而鋰離子(zi)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)對充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)的吸收(shou)是100%的，即(ji)便(bian)是很(hen)小的電(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)依然也存(cun)在(zai)(zai)過充(chong)電(dian)問題。 5. 所有(you)原裝充(chong)電(dian)器，除(chu)了(le)充(chong)電(dian)的正(zheng)負兩極，還有(you)與電(dian)池(chi)(chi)內部(bu)保護電(dian)路進行(xing)連接的線路，以獲取(qu)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)容量(liang)、溫度補(bu)償參數、告警保護等信息。而由于廠(chang)家品牌不同，電(dian)池(chi)(chi)/手機保護電(dian)路的電(dian)路方式有(you)很(hen)大(da)差別。所以，現階(jie)段真(zhen)正(zheng)達(da)(da)到兼(jian)容幾乎是不可能(neng)(neng)的。 可想而知，此類成本低于10元的“萬能(neng)(neng)手機充(chong)電(dian)器”安(an)全性能(neng)(neng)有(you)多好？ 希望各位讀(du)者在(zai)(zai)選(xuan)購的過程中(zhong)，注意劣質產品帶來的危害(hai)，為愛機配(pei)上一個(ge)安(an)全、實(shi)用的充(chong)電(dian)器。