手(shou)機(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)最(zui)(zui)常見的(de)類(lei)型(xing)有(Li-ion)鋰離子電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)、鋰聚合物超薄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)、NI-MH鎳氫(qing)離子電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)。不(bu)同(tong)類(lei)型(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)門限（標志(zhi)充滿(man)/放盡的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)）不(bu)同(tong)，其(qi)中鋰離子電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)有3.7V/4.3V和3.6V/4.2V之分(fen)。而市面上(shang)的(de)“萬(wan)能(neng)手(shou)機(ji)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器”據稱能(neng)較好地兼容(rong)(Li-on)鋰離子電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)。記者采訪(fang)了(le)一些(xie)業(ye)內人員。他們(men)普遍對“萬(wan)能(neng)手(shou)機(ji)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器”表示(shi)質疑：“采用標準的(de)恒流(liu)(liu)轉恒壓(ya)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)方(fang)式，不(bu)同(tong)容(rong)量的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)額定充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)不(bu)同(tong)，最(zui)(zui)大(da)不(bu)超過(guo)1C （C是電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)容(rong)量），難(nan)道500mAh和1300mAh的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)能(neng)用同(tong)樣的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)？”

    當然，目前已經有更先進的快速充電方式（比如-DV/DT），具有良好的兼容性。但是要想生產出合格的產品必須采用專門的運算芯片和檢測電路，這樣的產品綜合成本沒100元別想拿下。那些賣幾十元（實際成本恐怕不到10元）的“萬能手機充電器”采用了什么新技術能自動根據不同的電池提供適合的電流和適合的門限電壓，從而達到萬能的功效呢？實在是讓人可疑！!
三大質(zhi)疑： 

質疑一： 仔細研究“萬能手機充電(dian)器”，我們發(fa)現它只(zhi)有(you)(you)兩(liang)根(gen)輸(shu)出(chu)線(xian)，而我們知(zhi)道設計完(wan)善的(de)(de)電(dian)池(chi)充電(dian)器至(zhi)少(shao)有(you)(you)三(san)線(xian)輸(shu)出(chu)。電(dian)池(chi)中間的(de)(de)兩(liang)根(gen)一般是(shi)數據反(fan)饋線(xian)和(he)溫(wen)度及(ji)告警線(xian)，大(da)部(bu)分(fen)鋰離子電(dian)池(chi)內部(bu)都(dou)有(you)(you)保(bao)護電(dian)路甚至(zhi)是(shi)智能管理芯片。“只(zhi)有(you)(you)兩(liang)根(gen)輸(shu)出(chu)線(xian)”意(yi)味著該充電(dian)器放棄了電(dian)池(chi)本身(shen)具備的(de)(de)保(bao)護電(dian)路。也(ye)只(zhi)有(you)(you)這樣做才能實(shi)現“廉(lian)價的(de)(de)萬能”。

質疑二：“許多制作精度不高的充電器都采用調低截止電壓的方式（正常截止電壓是4.2V） 。它們把門限正態分布值設置為4V左右。這樣做使充電本身安全了，但電池卻永遠充不滿。等于電池容量減少了，導致充電次數的增加，也導致了電池壽命的縮短。 
鋰離子電池非常嬌氣和敏感。鋰離子電池充電吸收效率幾乎是100%，無論是大電流過充電或者小電流夠充都能導致電池失效。所以電池門限控制可以說是充電控制的關鍵！;最佳的充電方法是直充充電器對手機進行關機充電――直充提供恒定直流電壓，再經手機內帶有精密參考電壓源、同時受軟件控制的帶溫度補償功能和數據交換功能的可編程超大規模手機電源芯片對電池進行充電，可以達到幾乎理想的效果。許多手機在軟件工程模式下還能精密調節電壓參數，精度達到0.01V。這些都是座充等其他充電方式不容易做到的，完善的蛋型充電器應包含直充的隔離、AC/DC轉換及穩壓，和座充的充電監控等所有功能。所以，這樣的蛋型充電器的(de)成(cheng)本幾乎(hu)是兩者之和。而市面的(de)蛋型充電器幾乎(hu)都是廉價的(de)垃圾！”

質疑三：現在越來越多的消費者已經認識到了手機12～16小時初充電的說法不正確，這種說法是沿用以前老鎳類電池的模式。對于鋰離子電池根本不需要，甚至有害！這是因為鋰離子優點很多，但也有一個最致命缺點――非常脆弱！所以，幾乎所有的鋰離子里有安裝防止過充過放的保護電路（粗保護，更精確的保護由用電設備的電池管理電路實現）。另外，鋰離子電芯生產完成后就已經有電，不存在激活問題。為了減少電芯存放時間長而引起的容量下降，一般建議首次使用或長期存放后首次使用，采用深度放電再充滿的方式。充滿是指燈變色后多充電20～50%的時間。對于鋰離子電池，寧欠也勿飽。欠，可能導致單次輸入容量下降，過飽卻可能導致不可恢復的硬傷。
    顯然，由(you)于鋰(li)離子電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)對充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)敏感(gan)，過大充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)很容(rong)(rong)易導致(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)發熱(re)發脹(zhang)、活(huo)性(xing)物質脫落等(deng)問題(ti)，“萬能手(shou)機(ji)(ji)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)”不(bu)能對不(bu)同(tong)容(rong)(rong)量電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)提(ti)供(gong)不(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)和(he)適合的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)。那(nei)么安全性(xing)如何保障？鋰(li)離子電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)對充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)、尤其是充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)幾個門(men)檻電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)要求(qiu)很高，而目前幾乎(hu)所有蛋充(chong)(chong)(chong)都未使(shi)用(yong)(yong)精密(mi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)源(yuan)(yuan)（比(bi)如TL431或類似的(de)(de)功能單元）而只是使(shi)用(yong)(yong)精度(du)和(he)溫度(du)穩(wen)定性(xing)都非(fei)常差(cha)的(de)(de)廉(lian)價Zener管(guan)(guan)做參考電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)源(yuan)(yuan)，導致(zhi)門(men)限電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)離散(san)性(xing)很大，飄移嚴重。為了避免意外，不(bu)少(shao)廠家有意把門(men)限電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)調(diao)小以(yi)保障即便出現比(bi)較大的(de)(de)正誤差(cha)也(ye)不(bu)至出現問題(ti)，導致(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)長(chang)期充(chong)(chong)(chong)不(bu)飽。缺乏對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)容(rong)(rong)量的(de)(de)智(zhi)能檢測(ce)是所謂“萬能手(shou)機(ji)(ji)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)”天生(sheng)的(de)(de)最致(zhi)命缺陷。 在采(cai)訪中(zhong)，記(ji)者(zhe)了解到充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)如果要實(shi)現“萬能”，必(bi)須具備(bei)(bei)以(yi)下特點： 1. 由(you)于手(shou)機(ji)(ji)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)是直接使(shi)用(yong)(yong)220V的(de)(de)，它(ta)必(bi)須包含手(shou)機(ji)(ji)直充(chong)(chong)(chong)（具備(bei)(bei)AC/DC轉換(huan)、并(bing)輸(shu)出穩(wen)定的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)和(he)足夠的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)）或手(shou)機(ji)(ji)座(zuo)充(chong)(chong)(chong)的(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)管(guan)(guan)理(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路（充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)控制與(yu)管(guan)(guan)理(li)及(ji)保護）的(de)(de)功能。

2. 鋰離子(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流必須根據(ju)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)容量大(da)小而(er)定。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流過(guo)(guo)小導致(zhi)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時間大(da)幅度延長(chang)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流過(guo)(guo)大(da)會導致(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)內(nei)壓增加、發(fa)熱、結(jie)構受損，直(zhi)至危害電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)壽命。

3. 鋰離子電池是非常非常嬌氣的，準確和穩定的門檻電壓控制對電池壽命有很大影響。該款電池充電器并未采用足夠精度的電壓參考源電路，而且由于設計功率余量不足，充電器本身容易發熱，導致門檻電壓產生溫飄，影響充電控制精度。
4. 萬能充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)在(zai)達(da)到3.9V-4.34V（標準應(ying)該(gai)是(shi)4.2V）轉恒壓充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)數(shu)小時后(hou)，充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流并(bing)未完全關死(si)而(er)存在(zai)較(jiao)大(da)漏電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流。而(er)鋰離子(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池對充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流的(de)(de)吸(xi)收是(shi)100%的(de)(de)，即便是(shi)很(hen)小的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流依(yi)然也存在(zai)過充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)問題。 5. 所(suo)有(you)(you)原裝充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)，除了充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)正(zheng)負兩極，還有(you)(you)與電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池內部保(bao)護(hu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路進行連(lian)接的(de)(de)線(xian)路，以(yi)獲取電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池容量、溫(wen)度補償參數(shu)、告警保(bao)護(hu)等信(xin)息。而(er)由于廠家品(pin)牌不同，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池/手機保(bao)護(hu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路方式有(you)(you)很(hen)大(da)差(cha)別。所(suo)以(yi)，現階段真正(zheng)達(da)到兼容幾乎是(shi)不可能的(de)(de)。 可想而(er)知，此類成本低于10元的(de)(de)“萬能手機充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)”安(an)全性能有(you)(you)多好？ 希望(wang)各(ge)位讀者在(zai)選購的(de)(de)過程中，注(zhu)意(yi)劣質(zhi)產品(pin)帶來的(de)(de)危害(hai)，為愛機配上一個安(an)全、實用的(de)(de)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)。