鎳氫電池簡單知識
鎳(nie)氫電池規范(fan)叫(jiao)法(fa):金屬氫化(hua)物鎳(nie)電池
標稱電(dian)壓(ya)(表示電(dian)池(chi)電(dian)壓(ya)的近似值):nX1.2V。(以3508氫電(dian)為例,n=3)
終止電壓(規定(ding)放電終止時):nX1.0V。
充電制式:(恒(heng)流,在以0.2C放電至終止電壓后(hou)開(kai)始恒(heng)流充電)
1、0.4C充電:以0.4C充電3.5h
2、完全充(chong)電(dian)(dian):以0.1C充(chong)電(dian)(dian)16h
放電(dian)性能(neng):(只說(shuo)其一(yi),與大家關(guan)系密切的)
0.2C放(fang)電(dian):以(yi)0.2C放(fang)電(dian)至終止電(dian)壓,放(fang)電(dian)時(shi)間應不小于5h。
國家技術監督(du)部門鑒(jian)定氫電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容量,是按照(zhao)(zhao)0.4C的(de)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)制(zhi)式充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),并按照(zhao)(zhao)0.2C的(de)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)制(zhi)式放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)。完全(quan)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)是用于(yu)鑒(jian)定電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)儲(chu)存性能的(de),在儲(chu)存12個月(yue)后(hou)(hou),經(jing)完全(quan)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)后(hou)(hou),以0.2C放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),時間不應(ying)低于(yu)4h。過充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)性能:0.4C充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)結束后(hou)(hou),繼續以0.1C充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)48h,應(ying)不變形、不漏夜、不冒煙(yan)、等等。
以上(shang)是對氫電國家標(biao)準GB/T18288-2000的簡單描述,由(you)此我們可(ke)以看出幾個(ge)問題:
1、對于氫電,完全充電有好處,可以充的更飽(bao),好象就是大(da)家的激活概念。
2、但是,完全充電是有條件的,那就是0.1C,但市場上的充電器不會設計這么小的充電電流(以3508氫電計,應是50mA),如果用普通的充電器16小時,要(yao)么充電器充滿(man)后(hou)已(yi)經(jing)截止(zhi),剩下是浪費(fei)時間,要(yao)么充滿(man)后(hou)的(de)涓流(liu)過(guo)大造成(cheng)過(guo)充。但(dan)氫電抗過(guo)充的(de)能力(li)比鋰電強的(de)多(duo)。即(ji)使這樣(yang)我們也不應該去考驗(yan)它(ta)呀(ya)。
3、10幾個(ge)(ge)(ge)小(xiao)時(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)概念(nian)是(shi)(shi)從氫(qing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)延續來的(de)(de),但對于(yu)鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)已(yi)經不(bu)適用了(le)。氫(qing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)規范有(you)(you)(you)一個(ge)(ge)(ge)完全(quan)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)條(tiao)款,但是(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)(you)條(tiao)件的(de)(de)。而鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)根(gen)本(ben)沒有(you)(you)(you)相應的(de)(de)條(tiao)款,只不(bu)過在檢測前給(gei)一個(ge)(ge)(ge)預循環(huan),而預循環(huan)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)恒流到4.2V即結(jie)束,根(gen)本(ben)沒有(you)(you)(you)后(hou)面的(de)(de)橫壓補電(dian)(dian)(dian)過程。鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)不(bu)用所謂(wei)的(de)(de)“激活(huo)(huo)(huo)”。電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)生產(chan)廠根(gen)本(ben)沒有(you)(you)(you)什(shen)么(me)激活(huo)(huo)(huo)不(bu)激活(huo)(huo)(huo)的(de)(de)過程,生產(chan)出(chu)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)都是(shi)(shi)活(huo)(huo)(huo)的(de)(de),只是(shi)(shi)氫(qing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)不(bu)適宜(yi)長(chang)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)儲存,時(shi)(shi)間(jian)長(chang)了(le)會(hui)“死”,建(jian)議大家氫(qing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)不(bu)用時(shi)(shi),每三個(ge)(ge)(ge)月進(jin)行(xing)一個(ge)(ge)(ge)充(chong)放循環(huan),并充(chong)滿保存。保存溫度不(bu)能(neng)過高。(柜臺內(nei)被射燈照(zhao)射很長(chang)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)的(de)(de)不(bu)要買(mai),儲存很長(chang)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)的(de)(de)不(bu)要買(mai))
4、氫(qing)電(dian)充飽后電(dian)壓(ya)是nX1.45V,以3508氫(qing)電(dian)為(wei)例是4.35V,市場上(shang)的(de)品牌座充,如(ru)果充氫(qing)電(dian)滿意(yi),則絕對不能充鋰電(dian),如(ru)果充鋰電(dian)滿意(yi)則充氫(qing)電(dian)不飽,但不會損壞。因為(wei)這種座充沒有判斷電(dian)池類型的(de)能力(li),只是固定好了一個截(jie)止(zhi)電(dian)壓(ya)。
5、所以,我們在市場(chang)上(shang)看到的旅行充(chong)側面(mian)有一個氫電(dian)的選擇開關,實際(ji)上(shang)就是切(qie)換截止電(dian)壓的。
