電源適配器接口類型有哪些?為什么會燒壞?
大家都知道電源適配器有著(zhu)不同(tong)的類(lei)型(xing)不同(tong)的接(jie)口(kou),那電源適配器(qi)接(jie)口(kou)類(lei)型(xing)有哪(na)些?為什么會燒壞?今天我(wo)們一起來(lai)看(kan)看(kan)!

常見的電源適配器接口類型有哪些?
1、串行接口
串(chuan)行(xing)接(jie)口(kou),簡稱(cheng)串(chuan)口(kou),也就是(shi)COM接(jie)口(kou),是(shi)采用串(chuan)行(xing)通信協議(yi)的(de)擴展(zhan)接(jie)口(kou)。串(chuan)口(kou)的(de)出現是(shi)在(zai)
1980年前(qian)后,數(shu)據傳輸率是(shi)115kbps~230kbps,串(chuan)口(kou)一般(ban)用來連接鼠標和外置Modem以(yi)及(ji)老式
攝像頭和寫(xie)字板(ban)等(deng)設備,目(mu)前部分新主板(ban)已開始取消該接(jie)口(kou)。
2、并行接口
并行接口,簡稱并口,也就是(shi)LPT接口,是(shi)采用并行通信協議(yi)的(de)擴展(zhan)接口。并口的(de)數(shu)據傳輸
率比串口快8倍,標準并口的(de)數據傳輸率為1Mbps,一般用來連接打印機、掃描儀等。所以并口又被稱為打印口。
3、USB接口
USB是(shi)(shi)英(ying)文(wen)Universal Serial Bus的(de)縮寫,中文(wen)含(han)義是(shi)(shi)“通用串(chuan)行總線(xian)”。它不是(shi)(shi)一種新的(de)總線(xian)標準,而是(shi)(shi)應用在(zai)PC領域的(de)接口技(ji)術。USB是(shi)(shi)在(zai)1994年底(di)由(you)英(ying)特(te)爾、康柏(bo)、IBM、Microsoft等多家(jia)公司聯(lian)合提出的(de)。
所有支持USB 1.1的設備都可以直接(jie)(jie)在USB 2.0的接(jie)(jie)口上使用(yong)而(er)不(bu)必(bi)擔心(xin)兼容性問題,而(er)且像USB
線、插頭等等附件(jian)也都可以直(zhi)接使用。USB接口有3種類(lei)型:
- Type A:一般用于PC
- Type B:一般用(yong)于USB設備
- Mini-USB:一般(ban)用于數碼相機、數碼攝像機、測量儀器以及移動(dong)硬盤等
目(mu)前的(de)主(zhu)板(ban)一般(ban)都采(cai)用(yong)支持USB功能的(de)控制芯片組,主(zhu)板(ban)上(shang)也安裝(zhuang)有USB接(jie)口(kou)插(cha)(cha)座(zuo),而(er)且除了(le)背(bei)板(ban)的(de)插(cha)(cha)座(zuo)之外,主(zhu)板(ban)上(shang)還(huan)預留有USB插(cha)(cha)針,可以通(tong)過連線(xian)接(jie)到(dao)機(ji)箱(xiang)前面作為前置USB接(jie)口(kou)以方便(bian)使用(yong)(注意,在接(jie)線(xian)時要仔(zi)細閱(yue)讀主(zhu)板(ban)說明(ming)書并按(an)圖連接(jie),千萬(wan)不可接(jie)錯而(er)使設備損壞)
電源適配器燒壞有哪些原因?
1、線路故障
線(xian)路故障,包括電源線(xian)損(sun)壞不(bu)通電、接觸口氧(yang)化接觸不(bu)良等情況。
重(zhong)點檢查輸入線、輸出(chu)線是否通電。
若是線(xian)路(lu)故障(zhang),可通過(guo)更換電源(yuan)線(xian)等(deng)方式解(jie)決(jue)。
2、輸出電壓過低
開(kai)(kai)關(guan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)負載(zai)(zai)短路(lu)故(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)(尤其是DC/DC變換器(qi)短路(lu)或性能不良(liang)等),此時首先斷開(kai)(kai)開(kai)(kai)關(guan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)的所(suo)有負載(zai)(zai),檢查是開(kai)(kai)關(guan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)故(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)還是負載(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)有故(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)。如果斷開(kai)(kai)負載(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)而電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓輸(shu)出正(zheng)常,說明是負載(zai)(zai)過重;或仍不正(zheng)常說明開(kai)(kai)關(guan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)有故(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)。
3、輸出電壓過高
輸(shu)(shu)出(chu)(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)過高(gao)一般(ban)來自(zi)于穩壓(ya)取(qu)樣和穩壓(ya)控制(zhi)(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路。在直流輸(shu)(shu)出(chu)(chu)、取(qu)樣電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻、誤差取(qu)樣放大器如TL431、光(guang)耦、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)控制(zhi)(zhi)芯片等電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路共同構成的閉合控制(zhi)(zhi)環路,其中任(ren)何一個(ge)零件(jian)出(chu)(chu)現問題都會造成輸(shu)(shu)出(chu)(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)升高(gao)。
4、保險管正常,無輸出電壓
保(bao)險管正常(chang),無輸(shu)出電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)表明開(kai)關電(dian)(dian)(dian)源未工作或進(jin)入了保(bao)護狀(zhuang)態。第一步要檢(jian)(jian)查電(dian)(dian)(dian)源控制(zhi)(zhi)芯片(pian)的啟(qi)(qi)動(dong)(dong)腳的啟(qi)(qi)動(dong)(dong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)的數值,若(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)無啟(qi)(qi)動(dong)(dong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)或者(zhe)啟(qi)(qi)動(dong)(dong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)過低,則檢(jian)(jian)查啟(qi)(qi)動(dong)(dong)腳外(wai)(wai)接的元件及啟(qi)(qi)動(dong)(dong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻是否漏電(dian)(dian)(dian)。 若(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源控制(zhi)(zhi)芯片(pian)正常(chang),可(ke)經上述監(jian)測迅速查到故障所(suo)在。若(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)有(you)啟(qi)(qi)動(dong)(dong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya),則測量控制(zhi)(zhi)芯片(pian)的輸(shu)出端在開(kai)機瞬間是否存在高、低電(dian)(dian)(dian)平(ping)的跳變(bian),如若(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)無跳變(bian),說(shuo)明控制(zhi)(zhi)芯片(pian)損壞(huai)、外(wai)(wai)圍振(zhen)蕩(dang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路元件損壞(huai)或保(bao)護電(dian)(dian)(dian)路存在故障,通過替換(huan)控制(zhi)(zhi)芯片(pian)、檢(jian)(jian)查外(wai)(wai)圍元件逐一進(jin)行檢(jian)(jian)查;若(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)在跳變(bian),多數情況為為開(kai)關管不良(liang)或損壞(huai)。
5、保險燒壞或炸掉
主要(yao)檢查整(zheng)流(liu)橋、各二極(ji)管、開(kai)關管以及300伏上的(de)大濾波電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)等部位。導致(zhi)保(bao)險燒(shao)、發黑(hei),也可(ke)能是(shi)抗干擾(rao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路出問題(ti)引起(qi)。尤(you)其值得(de)注意的(de)是(shi):因開(kai)關管擊穿導致(zhi)保(bao)險燒(shao),通常會燒(shao)壞(huai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源控制芯片和(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)檢測電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻。熱敏電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻也很容(rong)易和(he)保(bao)險一起(qi)被(bei)燒(shao)壞(huai)。
對(dui)于(yu)電源適配器的(de)(de)接口類型以及燒壞的(de)(de)原因就介(jie)紹到這里希(xi)望可以幫到大(da)家(jia)!
