鋅錳干電池充電器電路,鋅錳干電池充電器，具有定時和充電指示功能，其充電電流為5OmA，可用于對端電壓為1.35~1/4V的鋅錳干電池充電器，具有(you)定時和(he)充(chong)電指示功能(neng)，其充(chong)電電流為5OmA，可用于對端電壓(ya)為1.35~1/4V的全密封普通干電池(chi)充(chong)電。

電路工作原理：

該鋅錳干(gan)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)充電(dian)(dian)器(qi)電(dian)(dian)路(lu)由電(dian)(dian)源輸入穩壓電(dian)(dian)路(lu)、充電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)路(lu)和定時控制電(dian)(dian)路(lu)組成(cheng).

電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)輸(shu)入穩壓(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)由(you)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)并(bing)關S2、熔斷器(qi)FU1、電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)T、整流(liu)二極管VD、濾波電(dian)(dian)(dian)容器(qi)C1、C3和穩壓(ya)集成(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)組(zu)成(cheng)。

定時(shi)(shi)控(kong)制電(dian)路由定時(shi)(shi)起動按鈕S1、定時(shi)(shi)控(kong)制開關S3、定時(shi)(shi)控(kong)制集成電(dian)路IC2、電(dian)阻器(qi)R1~R5、電(dian)容器(qi)C2、停止充電(dian)指示(shi)發光(guang)二極管(guan)VL5、VL6、晶(jing)體(ti)管(guan)V和繼電(dian)器(qi)K組成。

充電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)路由(you)電(dian)(dian)位器(qi)RP、電(dian)(dian)阻(zu)器(qi)R6~R13、充電(dian)(dian)指示(shi)發光二極管(guan)VL1~VL4和熔斷器(qi)FU2~FU5組成(cheng)。

接(jie)通(tong)S2，交流220V電壓(ya)經T降壓(ya)、VD整流及C3濾波后，一路(lu)作(zuo)為充電電路(lu)的輸(shu)入(ru)電壓(ya);另一路(lu)經IC1穩壓(ya)后為IC2提供+12V工(gong)作(zuo)電壓(ya)。

按動(dong)一(yi)下定時(shi)起動(dong)按鈕(niu)S1，IC2開(kai)始計時(shi)工作;其3腳輸(shu)出高電(dian)(dian)(dian)平使V導通，K吸合，K的常開(kai)觸頭接(jie)通，電(dian)(dian)(dian)池GB1~GB4開(kai)始充電(dian)(dian)(dian)，同時(shi)VL1~VL4點亮(liang)。

S3用來設定充電(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)間(jian)(jian)，其定時(shi)范(fan)圍有3h、5h、7h和9h共4檔(dang)。對(dui)AA型干電(dian)(dian)(dian)池充電(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)，最佳充電(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)間(jian)(jian)為(wei)5h;對(dui)C型干電(dian)(dian)(dian)池充電(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)，最佳充電(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)間(jian)(jian)為(wei)9h。

當(dang)定時(shi)(shi)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)結束時(shi)(shi)，IC2的(de)3腳(jiao)輸出低電(dian)(dian)(dian)平(ping)，使V截止，K釋(shi)放(fang)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)池停止充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian);同時(shi)(shi)IC2的(de)2腳(jiao)由(you)低電(dian)(dian)(dian)平(ping)變為高電(dian)(dian)(dian)平(ping)，使VL5和VL6點亮(liang)，指示充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)結束。

調(diao)整(zheng)RP的阻值，可改變充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)壓和充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)流的大小。

元器件選擇：

R1~R5、R6、R8、R1O和(he)R12均(jun)選(xuan)用(yong)l/4W的金屬(shu)膜電阻器；R7、R9、R11和(he)R13均(jun)選(xuan)用(yong)1W的金屬(shu)膜電阻器。

RP選用2W的(de)線繞可變電阻器。

C1選用(yong)獨石電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)器;C2選用(yong)耐壓值為16V的(de)鋁電(dian)(dian)(dian)解電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)器；C3選用(yong)耐壓值為5OV的(de)鋁電(dian)(dian)(dian)解電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)器。

VD選(xuan)用1N4004或1N4007型硅整流二極管(guan)。

VL1~VL6均選(xuan)用(yong)φ3mm的(de)發光二極管。

V選用S805O或C8050型硅NPN晶體(ti)管。

IC1選用LM7812型三端穩壓集(ji)(ji)成電路(lu);IC2選用ZN1034型定(ding)時(shi)集(ji)(ji)成電路(lu)。

K選用4098型12V直流繼電器。

S1選用(yong)(yong)微型(xing)動合按鈕;S2選用(yong)(yong)250V，觸頭電流容量為(wei)5A的電源(yuan)開關;S3選用(yong)(yong)單(dan)極四位(wei)型(xing)轉換開關。

T選(xuan)用3~5W、二次電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)為12~15V的(de)電(dian)(dian)源變壓(ya)器。