鋅錳干電池充電器電路,鋅錳干電池充電器，具有定時和充電指示功能，其充電電流為5OmA，可用于對端電壓為1.35~1/4V的鋅錳干電池充電器，具有(you)定時和充電指示功能，其(qi)充電電流為5OmA，可用于對端電壓為1.35~1/4V的全密(mi)封普通干電池(chi)充電。

電路工作原理：

該(gai)鋅(xin)錳干電(dian)(dian)池充電(dian)(dian)器(qi)電(dian)(dian)路由電(dian)(dian)源輸(shu)入穩(wen)壓電(dian)(dian)路、充電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)路和定時控制電(dian)(dian)路組成(cheng).

電(dian)源輸(shu)入穩(wen)壓電(dian)路由電(dian)源并(bing)關S2、熔斷器(qi)(qi)FU1、電(dian)源變壓器(qi)(qi)T、整流(liu)二極管(guan)VD、濾波電(dian)容器(qi)(qi)C1、C3和(he)穩(wen)壓集(ji)成(cheng)(cheng)電(dian)路組成(cheng)(cheng)。

定時(shi)(shi)(shi)控制電(dian)(dian)路由定時(shi)(shi)(shi)起動按鈕S1、定時(shi)(shi)(shi)控制開關S3、定時(shi)(shi)(shi)控制集(ji)成電(dian)(dian)路IC2、電(dian)(dian)阻器R1~R5、電(dian)(dian)容器C2、停止充電(dian)(dian)指示發光二極管VL5、VL6、晶(jing)體管V和繼電(dian)(dian)器K組成。

充電電路由電位(wei)器(qi)RP、電阻(zu)器(qi)R6~R13、充電指(zhi)示發光(guang)二(er)極管VL1~VL4和熔斷器(qi)FU2~FU5組(zu)成。

接通S2，交流220V電(dian)壓經T降壓、VD整流及(ji)C3濾波(bo)后(hou)，一(yi)(yi)路作為充電(dian)電(dian)路的輸入電(dian)壓;另一(yi)(yi)路經IC1穩壓后(hou)為IC2提(ti)供(gong)+12V工作電(dian)壓。

按動(dong)一下(xia)定時起動(dong)按鈕S1，IC2開(kai)始計時工(gong)作;其3腳輸出高(gao)電平使(shi)V導通(tong)，K吸合，K的(de)常(chang)開(kai)觸頭接通(tong)，電池GB1~GB4開(kai)始充(chong)電，同(tong)時VL1~VL4點亮。

S3用(yong)來設定(ding)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)時(shi)間，其定(ding)時(shi)范(fan)圍有3h、5h、7h和9h共(gong)4檔。對(dui)AA型干電(dian)(dian)池充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)時(shi)，最(zui)佳充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)時(shi)間為(wei)5h;對(dui)C型干電(dian)(dian)池充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)時(shi)，最(zui)佳充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)時(shi)間為(wei)9h。

當定時時間(jian)結束時，IC2的3腳輸出低電(dian)平，使(shi)V截止(zhi)，K釋放，電(dian)池停止(zhi)充(chong)電(dian);同時IC2的2腳由(you)低電(dian)平變為高電(dian)平，使(shi)VL5和VL6點亮，指示(shi)充(chong)電(dian)結束。

調(diao)整RP的(de)阻值，可改變充電(dian)電(dian)壓和充電(dian)電(dian)流的(de)大小(xiao)。

元器件選擇：

R1~R5、R6、R8、R1O和(he)R12均選用l/4W的金屬膜電阻(zu)(zu)器；R7、R9、R11和(he)R13均選用1W的金屬膜電阻(zu)(zu)器。

RP選用2W的線繞(rao)可變電阻器(qi)。

C1選(xuan)(xuan)用(yong)獨石電(dian)容(rong)器(qi);C2選(xuan)(xuan)用(yong)耐(nai)壓值為16V的(de)鋁(lv)電(dian)解電(dian)容(rong)器(qi)；C3選(xuan)(xuan)用(yong)耐(nai)壓值為5OV的(de)鋁(lv)電(dian)解電(dian)容(rong)器(qi)。

VD選用1N4004或1N4007型硅整流(liu)二極管。

VL1~VL6均選用φ3mm的(de)發(fa)光二極管。

V選用S805O或(huo)C8050型硅(gui)NPN晶體管。

IC1選(xuan)用(yong)LM7812型(xing)三端穩壓集成電路;IC2選(xuan)用(yong)ZN1034型(xing)定時集成電路。

K選用(yong)4098型(xing)12V直流(liu)繼電器。

S1選用微型(xing)動合按(an)鈕;S2選用250V，觸頭電流(liu)容量為5A的電源開關;S3選用單極四位型(xing)轉(zhuan)換開關。

T選用3~5W、二(er)次電壓(ya)為12~15V的電源變壓(ya)器。