鋅錳干電池充電器電路,鋅錳干電池充電器，具有定時和充電指示功能，其充電電流為5OmA，可用于對端電壓為1.35~1/4V的鋅錳干電池充電器，具有定(ding)時(shi)和(he)充(chong)電指示功能(neng)，其充(chong)電電流為5OmA，可用于對端電壓為1.35~1/4V的全密封普通干電池充(chong)電。

電路工作原理：

該鋅錳干電(dian)池(chi)充電(dian)器電(dian)路(lu)(lu)由(you)電(dian)源(yuan)輸入穩壓(ya)電(dian)路(lu)(lu)、充電(dian)電(dian)路(lu)(lu)和(he)定(ding)時控制電(dian)路(lu)(lu)組成.

電(dian)(dian)源輸入穩壓電(dian)(dian)路(lu)由電(dian)(dian)源并關(guan)S2、熔斷器(qi)FU1、電(dian)(dian)源變壓器(qi)T、整流二極管(guan)VD、濾波電(dian)(dian)容器(qi)C1、C3和穩壓集(ji)成電(dian)(dian)路(lu)組成。

定(ding)時控制電(dian)路(lu)由定(ding)時起動按鈕S1、定(ding)時控制開(kai)關S3、定(ding)時控制集成電(dian)路(lu)IC2、電(dian)阻器R1~R5、電(dian)容器C2、停(ting)止(zhi)充電(dian)指示發光二極管VL5、VL6、晶體(ti)管V和繼電(dian)器K組成。

充(chong)電電路由電位器(qi)RP、電阻(zu)器(qi)R6~R13、充(chong)電指(zhi)示發光二(er)極管VL1~VL4和(he)熔斷器(qi)FU2~FU5組成。

接通S2，交流220V電(dian)(dian)壓經(jing)T降壓、VD整流及C3濾波后(hou)(hou)，一路(lu)作為(wei)充電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)路(lu)的輸入電(dian)(dian)壓;另(ling)一路(lu)經(jing)IC1穩壓后(hou)(hou)為(wei)IC2提供+12V工作電(dian)(dian)壓。

按動一(yi)下定時起動按鈕S1，IC2開始計時工作;其3腳輸出(chu)高電(dian)平使V導通，K吸合，K的常(chang)開觸頭接通，電(dian)池GB1~GB4開始充電(dian)，同時VL1~VL4點亮。

S3用來(lai)設定(ding)(ding)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)時(shi)間，其定(ding)(ding)時(shi)范圍有3h、5h、7h和9h共4檔。對AA型(xing)干(gan)(gan)電(dian)(dian)池充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)時(shi)，最佳充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)時(shi)間為(wei)5h;對C型(xing)干(gan)(gan)電(dian)(dian)池充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)時(shi)，最佳充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)時(shi)間為(wei)9h。

當定時(shi)時(shi)間結束時(shi)，IC2的3腳輸出低電(dian)平，使(shi)V截止，K釋放，電(dian)池停止充電(dian);同時(shi)IC2的2腳由低電(dian)平變(bian)為(wei)高電(dian)平，使(shi)VL5和(he)VL6點亮，指(zhi)示(shi)充電(dian)結束。

調整RP的阻值(zhi)，可改(gai)變充(chong)電電壓和充(chong)電電流的大小(xiao)。

元器件選擇：

R1~R5、R6、R8、R1O和R12均(jun)選用(yong)l/4W的金屬膜(mo)電阻(zu)器；R7、R9、R11和R13均(jun)選用(yong)1W的金屬膜(mo)電阻(zu)器。

RP選用2W的線繞可(ke)變電阻器。

C1選用(yong)獨(du)石電(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)器;C2選用(yong)耐(nai)(nai)壓(ya)值為16V的(de)鋁電(dian)(dian)解(jie)電(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)器；C3選用(yong)耐(nai)(nai)壓(ya)值為5OV的(de)鋁電(dian)(dian)解(jie)電(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)器。

VD選用1N4004或(huo)1N4007型硅整流二極管。

VL1~VL6均選用φ3mm的發光二極(ji)管。

V選用S805O或C8050型硅NPN晶體管。

IC1選用(yong)LM7812型(xing)(xing)三端穩(wen)壓集成電(dian)路(lu);IC2選用(yong)ZN1034型(xing)(xing)定時集成電(dian)路(lu)。

K選用4098型12V直流繼電器(qi)。

S1選(xuan)用(yong)(yong)微型動合按(an)鈕;S2選(xuan)用(yong)(yong)250V，觸頭電流容(rong)量(liang)為5A的電源開(kai)關;S3選(xuan)用(yong)(yong)單極四位型轉換(huan)開(kai)關。

T選用3~5W、二次(ci)電壓為(wei)12~15V的電源(yuan)變(bian)壓器。