如何把握筆記本電池充電時間
筆(bi)記本(ben)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)時間注意,到底筆(bi)記本(ben)要充電(dian)(dian)(dian)多少時間才是正(zheng)確的(de),在充電(dian)(dian)(dian)過程只能夠要把(ba)握什(shen)么?時間多少是否會影響筆(bi)記本(ben)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)使(shi)用壽命呢?下面就這些問題(ti)擴展開(kai),看看對于筆(bi)記本(ben)中最脆弱的(de)筆(bi)記本(ben)有什(shen)么可(ke)以注意的(de)地方。
筆記本電池充電時間
謠傳一:新電池的激活(huo)
新電(dian)池應該用循環(huan)充放電(dian)的方(fang)式來激活(huo)電(dian)池的性能。
真相:準確地(di)說上述說法(fa)并不是(shi)謠傳。因為有的筆記(ji)(ji)本電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)從生產以后到(dao)客戶的手里會有一(yi)(yi)定的時間(jian)差,短則一(yi)(yi)個月,多則半年。對于時間(jian)差較長的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi),其電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極材(cai)料會鈍化(hua),因此廠商建議初(chu)次使用的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)最(zui)好進(jin)行3~5次完全充(chong)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)過程,以便消(xiao)除電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極材(cai)料的鈍化(hua),達到(dao)最(zui)大容量。但一(yi)(yi)般的這里的充(chong)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)不是(shi)深度放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),而(er)是(shi)淺放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),這里就有一(yi)(yi)個筆記(ji)(ji)本電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時間(jian)的把(ba)握問題了。
筆記本電池“前三(san)次”充(chong)電
謠傳二(er):當一款(kuan)新的(de)電(dian)池(chi)買回來以后(hou),一般會說最好進行(xing)三次循環充(chong)放(fang)電(dian),而筆(bi)記本電(dian)池(chi)充(chong)電(dian)放(fang)電(dian)時(shi)間應該超過(guo)12小時(shi),以便激活電(dian)池(chi)最大(da)效能。
真相:鎳氫電池為了達到最完美的飽和狀態,需要經過“補充”和“涓流”過程,這個時間一般在5小時左右。而目前鋰離子電池的(de)“恒流”、“恒壓(ya)”充(chong)(chong)電(dian)特性更是將其深充(chong)(chong)電(dian)時間控制在4小時以內(nei)。一(yi)旦充(chong)(chong)滿,電(dian)池內(nei)部的(de)保護電(dian)路便會自(zi)動停止充(chong)(chong)電(dian),因此這種做法是不科學也沒(mei)有實際意(yi)義的(de)。
有人曾用手機做過試(shi)驗。在用旅充(chong)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)將(jiang)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)充(chong)滿后,轉(zhuan)用座(zuo)充(chong)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)來(lai)確(que)認(ren)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)飽和程度。當他發現(xian)座(zuo)充(chong)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)仍然對電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)進(jin)行(xing)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)時(shi),便認(ren)為電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)仍未達(da)到飽和狀(zhuang)態。其實(shi)這個測試(shi)方(fang)法欠(qian)缺嚴謹。原因在于,座(zuo)充(chong)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)指示燈并不是檢測真正飽和與否(fou)的(de)(de)惟(wei)一標準,座(zuo)充(chong)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)基準電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)不一定(ding)等于手機的(de)(de)基準電(dian)(dian)壓(ya),因此當手機認(ren)為電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)達(da)到飽和狀(zhuang)態時(shi),座(zuo)充(chong)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)也許并不這么認(ren)為,依然進(jin)行(xing)充(chong)電(dian)(dian),但是否(fou)充(chong)進(jin)去(qu),就只有它(ta)自己(ji)知道了。
只要筆記(ji)本電(dian)池充電(dian)時間(jian)放(fang)電(dian)時間(jian)把握得當,則(ze)有可能會達到最佳狀態(tai)
謠傳三:只要充電電池(chi)使用得當,就會在某一(yi)段循環(huan)范圍內出現最佳狀態,達到最大容量。
例如早期(qi)的(de)鎳氫(qing)、鎳鎘電(dian)池(chi),如果使用得當,定期(qi)維護,會在(zai)15~203個(ge)循(xun)環點中達到其容(rong)量的(de)最大值(出廠容(rong)量為1200mAh的(de)鎳氫(qing)電(dian)池(chi)在(zai)循(xun)環120次后(hou),容(rong)量有可能達到1200mAh)。
真相:這種說(shuo)法在(zai)日系(xi)產品電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)中(zhong)比較常見,在(zai)其技術規格書中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)循環特性圖(tu)中(zhong)通常可以看到。然(ran)而(er)對(dui)目前(qian)主流的(de)(de)(de)鋰離(li)子(zi)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)而(er)言,這種循環的(de)(de)(de)峰值現(xian)象(xiang)是不(bu)存在(zai)的(de)(de)(de)。因為鋰離(li)子(zi)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)從(cong)出廠到報廢(fei),其容(rong)量的(de)(de)(de)表現(xian)為循環一次少一次,從(cong)未出現(xian)過容(rong)量回升的(de)(de)(de)現(xian)象(xiang)。也許有朋友會問,某些ThinkPad筆記本用戶通過深(shen)放電(dian)(dian),可以恢(hui)復電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)容(rong)量。實(shi)際上那(nei)只是測(ce)試軟件的(de)(de)(de)錯誤檢測(ce)而(er)已(yi),電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)實(shi)際容(rong)量根本沒有提高(gao)。
筆(bi)(bi)記本(ben)電池(chi)使(shi)用時間(jian)正確的(de)影(ying)響的(de)因素(su)是筆(bi)(bi)記本(ben)電池(chi)所處的(de)環(huan)(huan)境的(de)溫度(du),當(dang)然(ran)筆(bi)(bi)記本(ben)充電時間(jian)也有一(yi)定(ding)的(de)關系,不過還是次于(yu)環(huan)(huan)境的(de)影(ying)響。
鋰離子電池到底有沒有最佳狀態?答案是肯定的,這跟其所受環境溫度的變化有關。一般情況下,鋰離子電池在(zai)26℃~41℃的(de)環(huan)境(jing)下(xia)(xia)會表現出(chu)極(ji)好的(de)性(xing)能。而到了低溫或高(gao)溫狀(zhuang)態,其性(xing)能就要大打(da)折扣了。例如你在(zai)室外陽光(guang)直照的(de)情況下(xia)(xia)使用筆記本電(dian)腦,就沒(mei)有在(zai)室內使用的(de)時間長。
謠傳四(si):兩個(ge)(ge)標(biao)稱容量(liang)(liang)相同(例如800mAh)的(de)電池來(lai)說,如果一個(ge)(ge)實際測得容量(liang)(liang)為(wei)860mAh,另一個(ge)(ge)為(wei)805mAh,那么(me)860mAH的(de)就一定比805mAh的(de)好。
真相:一般而(er)言,不(bu)同型號(不(bu)同體積)的(de)(de)(de)鋰離子電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi),容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)量越(yue)(yue)高(gao)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)時間也就(jiu)越(yue)(yue)長。如果拋(pao)開體積和重量等因(yin)素,當然是容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)量越(yue)(yue)高(gao)越(yue)(yue)好。但(dan)對于(yu)兩個標稱容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)量相同(例(li)如上例(li))的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)卻未必。因(yin)為(wei)實(shi)際容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)量高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)那個電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi),很(hen)可能在電(dian)(dian)極(ji)材料(liao)中添加了(le)(le)(le)用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)增(zeng)加初始容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)量的(de)(de)(de)物質,減(jian)少(shao)了(le)(le)(le)用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)穩定電(dian)(dian)極(ji)的(de)(de)(de)物質。其(qi)結果就(jiu)表現(xian)在循環了(le)(le)(le)幾十次之后,容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)量高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)那塊迅速(su)衰減(jian),而(er)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)量低(di)的(de)(de)(de)卻依(yi)然堅(jian)挺。國(guo)內許多廠(chang)商(shang)為(wei)了(le)(le)(le)縮(suo)減(jian)成本(ben),擴大銷量,往往就(jiu)采用(yong)(yong)(yong)了(le)(le)(le)這種手段來生產高(gao)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)量電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)。用(yong)(yong)(yong)戶在使用(yong)(yong)(yong)半年后就(jiu)會發現(xian)工作時間大為(wei)縮(suo)短。總之,提高(gao)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)量的(de)(de)(de)代(dai)價就(jiu)是犧(xi)牲循環壽命,廠(chang)商(shang)不(bu)在電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)材料(liao)上下文章,是不(bu)可能真正(zheng)提高(gao)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)量
電池的保存
謠傳五:充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)池(chi)如果不(bu)使用,應該放光了電(dian)再保(bao)存。
真相:其(qi)實不(bu)僅僅有上(shang)面(mian)提到的謠傳,鋰離(li)子電池到底該充滿了保存還是(shi)(shi)放光(guang)了保存肯定(ding)會讓很多人感到迷(mi)惑?這一問題的解答要(yao)從其(qi)先天性的缺陷談(tan)起(qi),那就是(shi)(shi)“老化效應”。鋰離(li)子電池在存儲一段時間(jian)后,即使不(bu)進(jin)行循環使用,其(qi)部分(fen)容量也會永(yong)久(jiu)性的喪失,這是(shi)(shi)因為鋰離(li)子電池的正負極材料(liao)自出廠時便開始了它們的衰竭歷程。不(bu)同的溫度(du)(du)及飽和程度(du)(du)下老化的幅度(du)(du)也是(shi)(shi)不(bu)同的,具體(ti)幅度(du)(du)可(ke)見(jian)表(biao)所示。
由此可見,存儲溫度越高、電池充的越滿,容量的幅度就越大。因此對于鋰離子電池的長期保存(cun),用戶應(ying)當將其(qi)電量控(kong)制在(zai)40%,并存(cun)儲(chu)在(zai)15℃甚至(zhi)更(geng)低的溫度下即可(ke)。至(zhi)于那些鎳氫和鎳鎘電池則不存(cun)在(zai)這一“老化效應(ying)”,長期儲(chu)存(cun)后(hou)只需進行(xing)幾(ji)次完(wan)全充放電即可(ke)恢(hui)復(fu)其(qi)原始容(rong)量充滿電后(hou)續充
謠傳(chuan)六:筆記本電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)時間一(yi)般是有控制的,對(dui)于筆記本電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)充(chong)(chong)滿(man)以后,在繼續對(dui)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)充(chong)(chong)1~2小(xiao)時,這樣做(zuo)有利于增(zeng)強(qiang)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的飽和度。
其(qi)實現在的筆(bi)記本(ben)而電(dian)(dian)(dian)池一般都有筆(bi)記本(ben)過電(dian)(dian)(dian)保護電(dian)(dian)(dian)路,充(chong)(chong)(chong)滿點(dian)以(yi)(yi)(yi)后他會自動切斷充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路。所以(yi)(yi)(yi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)間是固定的,滿了以(yi)(yi)(yi)后電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)只(zhi)對筆(bi)記本(ben)設備進行供電(dian)(dian)(dian),即時(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池再充(chong)(chong)(chong)12個小時(shi)(shi)也(ye)是沒有用處的。
