收音機單放機等小家電常采用鎳鎘電池供電，常規的充電方法趕從家用電器取出電池，放入專用充電電器充電。充足電后再裝入電器使用。這樣取出裝入極不方便。如果在充電器輸出端焊接插頭，通過電器的電源插座對電池直接充電，5可避免電池取出裝入的麻煩。但由了充電器常根據鎳鎘電池的性能設計為恒流充電，電器內部電池接觸不良，如果不，打開了電器，關，當電器工作電流小于充電電流時，會使加在電路兩端作了這款限壓保護型充電器。

　　工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)原(yuan)理(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)如附(fu)。變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)了，41為(wei)整機提供工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源；時基(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)555組(zu)(zu)(zu)成(cheng)限壓(ya)(ya)(ya)控制(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)和(he)！組(zu)(zu)(zu)成(cheng)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)極(ji)性檢測(ce)(ce)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)了2102把(ba)等組(zu)(zu)(zu)成(cheng)簡易可調恒流(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)中(zhong)兒01的(de)(de)正(zheng)極(ji)接555控制(zhi)端(duan)第，腳(jiao)(jiao)，將555內比(bi)較(jiao)器(qi)閾值電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)設定為(wei)2V左(zuo)右即發(fa)光(guang)(guang)管(guan)的(de)(de)i下(xia)向(xiang)(xiang)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)降，同時還(huan)起到電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源指(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)印；12起。行趕電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)指(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)與(yu)穩定，了2發(fa)射結(jie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)雙屯作(zuo)(zuo)出。，4分(fen)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)和(he)52組(zu)(zu)(zu)成(cheng)限壓(ya)(ya)(ya)切換(huan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)，分(fen)別為(wei)34.5和(he)6檔(dang)，53用(yong)于充(chong)(chong)(chong)屯極(ji)性的(de)(de)轉換(huan)。其工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)過程如下(xia)打開電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源，關5電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)得屯工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)兒01發(fa)光(guang)(guang)指(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。加電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)初始，因02兩端(duan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)還(huan)沒有改變，555因第②腳(jiao)(jiao)為(wei)低電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平rfD置位(wei)，第③腳(jiao)(jiao)輸出l，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)乎，第腳(jiao)(jiao)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)端(duan)內部極(ji)管(guan)截止。1.在不連接電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)時，因無基(ji)極(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)而截止，172截止，02不發(fa)光(guang)(guang)，充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)對外無輸出。2.當充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)插入(ru)裝有電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)插座時，若電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)極(ji)性正(zheng)確即4點為(wei)正(zheng)點為(wei)負，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)殘存(cun)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)通(tong)(tong)過539加到7的(de)(de)發(fa)射結(jie)，使導通(tong)(tong)了2進(jin)入(ru)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)狀態，集電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)路(lu)通(tong)(tong)過用(yong)萬用(yong)檢測(ce)(ce)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)器(qi)測(ce)(ce)量(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)器(qi)的(de)(de)容(rong)(rong)(rong)量(liang)庫選(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze)(ze)適幸的(de)(de)歐姆檔(dang)盧般來說，47，1以上(shang)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)選(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze)(ze)父檔(dang)，47從，以上(shang)65選(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze)(ze)，檔(dang)，10以上(shang)的(de)(de)選(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze)(ze)8父比(bi)檔(dang)，容(rong)(rong)(rong)量(liang)為(wei)47卿以上(shang)的(de)(de)選(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze)(ze)尺，讓(rang)測(ce)(ce)纛(dao)時，頭指(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)針應(ying)立即向(xiang)(xiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻為(wei)零的(de)(de)方(fang)向(xiang)(xiang)擺(bai)動，然后器(qi)，則針又向(xiang)(xiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)為(wei)零如方(fang)向(xiang)(xiang)，島并(bing)且幅度(du)大(da)，被，回到，這就是(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)器(qi)的(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)與(yu)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)過程在測(ce)(ce)量(liang)過程中(zhong)，隸針向(xiang)(xiang)零方(fang)向(xiang)(xiang)擺(bai)動的(de)(de)幅度(du)愈大(da)明電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)量(liang)愈大(da)，反之則電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)量(liang)愈小(xiao)(xiao)。利用(yong)這個原(yuan)理(li)可以粗測(ce)(ce)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)器(qi)是(shi)否有容(rong)(rong)(rong)量(liang)，并(bing)可以比(bi)較(jiao)兩只電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)器(qi)容(rong)(rong)(rong)量(liang)的(de)(de)大(da)小(xiao)(xiao)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)器(qi)漏電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)與(yu)擊穿(chuan)的(de)(de)測(ce)(ce)量(liang)。

　　將萬(wan)用(yong)(yong)打(da)至8父檔(dang)測量電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容器(qi)(qi)用(yong)(yong)父讓檔(dang)，測倨(ju)時(shi)可(ke)以看到(dao)針(zhen)右(you)偏(pian)定(ding)角度(du)后，然后漸漸向(xiang)左偏(pian)轉，直至靠進(jin)阻(zu)值刻度(du)為處但不(bu)會達到(dao)處實驗證明電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容器(qi)(qi)的絕(jue)緣電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)般應(ying)在幾(ji)百(bai)千(qian)歐以上，其它電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容器(qi)(qi)的絕(jue)緣電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)在幾(ji)十兆(zhao)歐以土對于(yu)(yu)(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容器(qi)(qi)，萬(wan)用(yong)(yong)的黑筆應(ying)接(jie)(jie)其正極，若絕(jue)緣且小(xiao)(xiao)于(yu)(yu)(yu)上述值，則(ze)(ze)明電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容器(qi)(qi)漏電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)絕(jue)緣電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)愈小(xiao)(xiao)，漏電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)愈嚴重(zhong)；絕(jue)緣電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)為零(ling)，說(shuo)明電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容器(qi)(qi)己擊穿短路(lu)。，33插座(zuo)等對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，另路(lu)則(ze)(ze)通(tong)(tong)過；9為提供基極電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流，使丁1維持導通(tong)(tong)，02發光(guang)，指充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)正在進(jin)行。3.芻電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)充(chong)(chong)到(dao)定(ding)值或因電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)接(jie)(jie)觸(chu)不(bu)良(liang)，使點電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)升高(gao)，經(jing)耵4分壓(ya)使555第(di)(di)，腳(jiao)(jiao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)位大于(yu)(yu)(yu)第(di)(di)，腳(jiao)(jiao)屯位82時(shi)，555置零(ling)，第(di)(di)腳(jiao)(jiao)內部放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)管(guan)導通(tong)(tong)輸(shu)出(chu)(chu)低(di)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)1了2截止(zhi)，迅(xun)速(su)(su)(su)切斷充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，路(lu)此(ci)02熄滅，從而對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)起到(dao)了保(bao)護作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)。4.今家用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)極性不(bu)正確，即點對8點地為負時(shi)，了1了2亦截止(zhi)，從而防(fang)止(zhi)了對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的反向(xiang)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)和(he)對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)路(lu)中，5的作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)是當555第(di)(di)腳(jiao)(jiao)輸(shu)出(chu)(chu)高(gao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)時(shi)，通(tong)(tong)過05對，2迅(xun)速(su)(su)(su)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，使555第(di)(di)腳(jiao)(jiao)及時(shi)上升為高(gao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)，當電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)有(you)接(jie)(jie)觸(chu)不(bu)良(liang)情況，使第(di)(di)腳(jiao)(jiao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)位大子第(di)(di)，腳(jiao)(jiao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)位，555迅(xun)速(su)(su)(su)輸(shu)出(chu)(chu)低(di)屯平(ping)(ping)(ping)，及時(shi)切斷充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)回路(lu)5的作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)是當囚(qiu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)接(jie)(jie)觸(chu)不(bu)等原因致使555置零(ling)時(shi)，其第(di)(di)，腳(jiao)(jiao)為低(di)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)，02通(tong)(tong)過5放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，直至第(di)(di)腳(jiao)(jiao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)小(xiao)(xiao)于(yu)(yu)(yu)或等于(yu)(yu)(yu)第(di)(di)腳(jiao)(jiao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)的12，555第(di)(di)腳(jiao)(jiao)又輸(shu)出(chu)(chu)高(gao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)，如(ru)果此(ci)時(shi)屯池(chi)接(jie)(jie)觸(chu)不(bu)15問(wen)已解(jie)決(jue)，則(ze)(ze)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)又動進(jin)入充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)狀(zhuang)態(tai)。

　　元(yuan)件選擇選覬555時基電(dian)路；7選次級(ji)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)為6卯的31變壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)52用(yong)(yong)單刀擲開關，53用(yong)(yong)雙刀雙擲開關；了1選3彡100 8550等，充(chong)電(dian)器(qi)(qi)輸(shu)出插頭義選用(yong)(yong)十字型電(dian)源插頭其它元(yuan)件如(ru)附調試與(yu)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)路裝好后(hou)，只(zhi)需將(jiang)萬(wan)用(yong)(yong)置電(dian)流檔后(hou)串接于充(chong)電(dian)回路，視電(dian)池(chi)類型微(wei)調RP，將(jiang)充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)流調整到規定值即(ji)可。