現在太陽能充電器已經很(hen)常(chang)(chang)見(jian)了，那么就(jiu)會有(you)更多人(ren)來關注太陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)性(xing)能(neng)(neng)問題(ti)。要(yao)(yao)評(ping)價(jia)一款(kuan)太陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)性(xing)能(neng)(neng)，可(ke)以(yi)從下面(mian)(mian)三個(ge)方面(mian)(mian)來看：電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)： 由于(yu)太陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)使用(yong)環境跟普通的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子產品有(you)所(suo)不同，所(suo)以(yi)太陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)對內(nei)置電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)求也最(zui)高。但這恰恰是(shi)消費(fei)者容(rong)(rong)易忽略(lve)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地方，同時也是(shi)一些缺(que)乏社會責(ze)任感的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)廠(chang)家(jia)容(rong)(rong)易做手腳(jiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地方。在(zai)市面(mian)(mian)上，一塊同樣容(rong)(rong)量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)價(jia)格可(ke)能(neng)(neng)相(xiang)差好幾(ji)倍，所(suo)以(yi)，某些山(shan)寨廠(chang)商(shang)就(jiu)瞄準(zhun)了這塊的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)暴利(li)，很(hen)多非常(chang)(chang)廉價(jia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)使用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)都是(shi)二次電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)芯翻(fan)新后的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)，好點的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)就(jiu)是(shi)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)里的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)B品、C品的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)。這樣的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)使用(yong)壽命短(duan)不說，還有(you)可(ke)能(neng)(neng)給消費(fei)者帶來人(ren)身(shen)安全上的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)風(feng)險。

    太陽能充電器的內(nei)置電(dian)池(chi)應以鋰(li)(li)聚合物(wu)(wu)電(dian)池(chi)為佳，相(xiang)對于平時(shi)我們常(chang)見的鋰(li)(li)電(dian)池(chi)（液態(tai)鋰(li)(li)離子），聚合物(wu)(wu)電(dian)池(chi)的鋰(li)(li)離子成膠體裝，活躍程(cheng)度遠小于液態(tai)鋰(li)(li)離子電(dian)池(chi)，因此不會產生爆炸。并且為適用(yong)太(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)充電(dian)器的使用(yong)環境，聚合物(wu)(wu)電(dian)池(chi)最(zui)好經過(guo)高溫(wen)處理，提升(sheng)電(dian)池(chi)的耐高溫(wen)極限。 最(zui)后，需要注(zhu)意的是外(wai)殼表(biao)面處理和它的各種附(fu)件。市面上(shang)(shang)常(chang)見的太(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)充電(dian)器以塑膠殼為主，外(wai)表(biao)處理主要有亮(liang)油(you)、橡膠漆，UV。亮(liang)油(you)價(jia)格(ge)比較便宜，同時(shi)表(biao)面容易(yi)出現劃痕。橡膠漆手感非常(chang)舒適，但隨使用(yong)時(shi)間的增加會掉漆。UV一般只(zhi)在(zai)高檔品牌手機上(shang)(shang)才使用(yong)，價(jia)格(ge)昂(ang)貴。

     采用UV處理，產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)表面(mian)(mian)光(guang)(guang)潔(jie)精細，同(tong)時硬度(du)好(hao)，不掉漆，不會(hui)留劃痕。 如果太(tai)(tai)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)能充(chong)電器(qi)(qi)有配DC適(shi)配器(qi)(qi)，多關(guan)注一(yi)(yi)下(xia)DC適(shi)配器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)質量是(shi)有必要的(de)(de)(de)(de)。畢竟這關(guan)系到(dao)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)和(he)人身安全。太(tai)(tai)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)能電池(chi)(chi)板(ban)(ban)： 目(mu)前市面(mian)(mian)上(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)太(tai)(tai)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)能電池(chi)(chi)分為非晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)硅(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)和(he)晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)體(ti)(ti)硅(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)。其(qi)中(zhong)晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)體(ti)(ti)硅(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)又可分為多晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)硅(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)和(he)單晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)硅(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)。從三種材(cai)料的(de)(de)(de)(de)光(guang)(guang)電轉換(huan)效率(lv)來(lai)看是(shi)：單晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)硅(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)（最高可達１７％）>多晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)硅(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)（１２～１５％）>非晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)硅(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)（５％　左右）。但(dan)晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)體(ti)(ti)硅(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)（單晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)硅(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)和(he)多晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)硅(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)）的(de)(de)(de)(de)在弱光(guang)(guang)下(xia)基(ji)本上(shang)(shang)不會(hui)有電流產(chan)(chan)(chan)生，非晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)硅(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)弱光(guang)(guang)型好(hao)（在弱光(guang)(guang)下(xia)能量本來(lai)就很少）。所以綜合看來(lai)，宜用單晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)硅(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)或多晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)硅(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)作太(tai)(tai)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)能電池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)材(cai)料。 接下(xia)來(lai)我(wo)們要關(guan)注的(de)(de)(de)(de)重點就是(shi)太(tai)(tai)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)能電池(chi)(chi)板(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)(de)(de)功率(lv)，一(yi)(yi)般說來(lai)，太(tai)(tai)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)能電池(chi)(chi)板(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)(de)(de)功率(lv)跟太(tai)(tai)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)能晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)片(pian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)面(mian)(mian)積成正比（太(tai)(tai)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)能電池(chi)(chi)晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)片(pian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)面(mian)(mian)積不完全等同(tong)于太(tai)(tai)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)能封裝面(mian)(mian)板(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)(de)(de)面(mian)(mian)積，因為有的(de)(de)(de)(de)太(tai)(tai)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)能面(mian)(mian)板(ban)(ban)雖(sui)然大，但(dan)太(tai)(tai)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)能晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)片(pian)排列(lie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)縫隙很寬，這樣的(de)(de)(de)(de)太(tai)(tai)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)能面(mian)(mian)板(ban)(ban)功率(lv)不一(yi)(yi)定高。比如我(wo)們的(de)(de)(de)(de)VSC－０３雖(sui)然太(tai)(tai)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)能面(mian)(mian)板(ban)(ban)不大，但(dan)晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)片(pian)排列(lie)緊(jin)密，在比較小的(de)(de)(de)(de)面(mian)(mian)積上(shang)(shang)也實現(xian)了0.75ｗ的(de)(de)(de)(de)功率(lv)）。

    一般說來，太陽能面板的功率是越大越好，這樣在陽光下產生的電流大，能很快將其內置電池充滿。但現實中，需要在太陽能面板的功率和太陽能充電器的便攜性中找一個平衡點。一般說來，我們認為太陽能充電器的功率最小不能低于0.75w，（此功率的太陽能板在標準光強下有140ｍA的電流產生。在一般陽光下產生的電流在１００mA左右）如果低于此功率充電電流過小，基本上不會有明顯效果。 控制電路： 如果說太陽能面板是充電器的(de)(de)前端部分(fen)，負責(ze)采集太陽能(neng)并將(jiang)(jiang)太陽能(neng)轉化為電(dian)能(neng)，那么控(kong)制電(dian)路就是(shi)(shi)整個產(chan)品的(de)(de)中樞。它主要承擔兩方(fang)面的(de)(de)功能(neng)：一是(shi)(shi)將(jiang)(jiang)前端產(chan)生的(de)(de)電(dian)流盡可能(neng)儲(chu)存到(dao)內置(zhi)電(dian)池(chi)而(er)杜絕或者將(jiang)(jiang)浪費減少到(dao)最(zui)低限度(du)；二是(shi)(shi)當充電(dian)器給手機(ji)等設備充電(dian)時(shi)，盡可能(neng)多的(de)(de)將(jiang)(jiang)內置(zhi)電(dian)池(chi)里的(de)(de)電(dian)量(liang)輸(shu)出給手機(ji)等設備，而(er)盡量(liang)少的(de)(de)將(jiang)(jiang)電(dian)量(liang)損(sun)耗在線路上。

      遺憾的(de)(de)是，由于認知或技術上的(de)(de)問題，目(mu)(mu)前國內(nei)廠商對太陽(yang)能充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)控(kong)制(zhi)電(dian)(dian)路(lu)設計(ji)的(de)(de)優化沒有引起足夠的(de)(de)重視，導致生產(chan)(chan)出(chu)來(lai)的(de)(de)太陽(yang)能充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)實用性較差：前端產(chan)(chan)生的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)流不能完全存(cun)儲(chu)到(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)；內(nei)置(zhi)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)給手機等設備充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)時(shi)，很大(da)一(yi)(yi)部分(fen)電(dian)(dian)流浪費(fei)在(zai)線路(lu)上，未(wei)能輸入(ru)到(dao)(dao)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)設備上。 所以(yi)消費(fei)者(zhe)在(zai)選(xuan)擇太陽(yang)能充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)時(shi)，需要多留意一(yi)(yi)下這(zhe)兩個指(zhi)標：二次轉換率(lv)（前端產(chan)(chan)生的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)存(cun)儲(chu)到(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)效(xiao)率(lv)）和(he)放電(dian)(dian)效(xiao)率(lv)（內(nei)置(zhi)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)里(li)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)輸入(ru)到(dao)(dao)需要充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)設備上的(de)(de)效(xiao)率(lv)）。這(zhe)兩個效(xiao)率(lv)是越高越好。一(yi)(yi)般說來(lai)，二次存(cun)儲(chu)效(xiao)率(lv)目(mu)(mu)前做得很好的(de)(de)可以(yi)達到(dao)(dao)９５％，放電(dian)(dian)效(xiao)率(lv)可以(yi)達到(dao)(dao)８３％以(yi)上。

　　衡量控制(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)好壞的另一(yi)個重要(yao)標準是(shi)：控制(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)是(shi)否做了各種保(bao)(bao)護(hu)。通(tong)常來(lai)說，一(yi)款(kuan)好的太陽能(neng)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器，控制(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)應(ying)該具(ju)備：過(guo)(guo)流(liu)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)（當電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)過(guo)(guo)高(gao)時(shi)能(neng)自(zi)動限流(liu)，不會對充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設備產(chan)生損害(hai)），過(guo)(guo)沖保(bao)(bao)護(hu)（當電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量達到設定的限度(du)時(shi)，將自(zi)動停(ting)(ting)止對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，從(cong)而杜(du)絕電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)損壞甚至爆炸的可能(neng)），過(guo)(guo)放(fang)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)（主要(yao)是(shi)用(yong)來(lai)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)，避(bi)免深度(du)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)而對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)產(chan)生損害(hai)），溫(wen)度(du)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)（當控制(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)溫(wen)度(du)超過(guo)(guo)設定溫(wen)度(du)，充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器將自(zi)動停(ting)(ting)止工(gong)作，以保(bao)(bao)護(hu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)）。

      如果控制電路上這些保護都沒做或者大部分沒做的話，那將會把太陽能充電器的(de)(de)質(zhi)量(liang)風(feng)險(xian)轉嫁給需要(yao)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)的(de)(de)手(shou)機等數碼設備，很有(you)可能給消(xiao)費者(zhe)帶來損失。象(xiang)我(wo)們(men)維勝特自己研發(fa)太陽(yang)能充(chong)(chong)電(dian)器時，首先(xian)想到(dao)的(de)(de)就(jiu)(jiu)是安全性如(ru)何保(bao)證。在這方面我(wo)們(men)下了很多功夫。所以消(xiao)費者(zhe)在購買太陽(yang)能充(chong)(chong)電(dian)器不(bu)要(yao)一味去看(kan)價格。盡(jin)管電(dian)路保(bao)護設計(ji)不(bu)健全的(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)器未必就(jiu)(jiu)一定會損害(hai)您充(chong)(chong)電(dian)的(de)(de)設備，但花錢買個安心還是有(you)必要(yao)的(de)(de)。