近日總有人說XX充電器好, 其他的如何如何差等諸多言論。為此，很有必要對此現象進行澄清。好的充電器至少應該是：即能大電(dian)流短時(shi)間把電(dian)池(chi)充滿電(dian)，同時(shi)又能令到(dao)電(dian)池(chi)溫升很(hen)少。

      在所有的(de)環境因素(su)中(zhong)，溫度對電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)充放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)性(xing)能(neng)影響最(zui)大，高(gao)于(yu)45度，對鎳(nie)氫電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)性(xing)能(neng)和壽(shou)命有嚴重(zhong)影響。為降(jiang)低高(gao)溫對電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)壽(shou)命的(de)損害，某些新型的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)采用在電(dian)(dian)(dian)極端(duan)子上(shang)連接(jie)一個金(jin)屬導(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)片，降(jiang)低局部(bu)高(gao)熱的(de)可(ke)能(neng)性(xing)，另有工廠將電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)殼外部(bu)做成(cheng)柵凸狀(zhuang)，組合時各單(dan)體電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)凸部(bu)互相接(jie)觸，凹部(bu)構(gou)成(cheng)單(dan)體電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)之間(jian)上(shang)下(xia)(xia)方向的(de)空間(jian)，內部(bu)填充制冷劑(ji)，使其從(cong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)下(xia)(xia)方向極柱端(duan)流動(dong)，進行冷卻。

為什么會產生高溫？
       當以0.5C或以上的(de)電(dian)(dian)流對鎳(nie)氫電(dian)(dian)池進行充電(dian)(dian), 就容易導致(zhi)電(dian)(dian)池發熱(re)，特(te)別(bie)是充入了0.7C后(hou)。這時(shi)候有一部份電(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)轉(zhuan)化(hua)為熱(re)能(neng)(neng)從而導致(zhi)溫度上升(sheng)。

環境溫度對電池性能有何影響？ 
      電極/電解液界面上的電化學反應與環境溫度有關，電極/電解液界面被視為電池的心臟。一般來說，高溫可加速化學反應，但同時也加快電池內部老化的過程。如果溫度下降，電極的反應率也下降，假設電池電壓保持恒定，放電電流降低，電池的功率輸出也會下降。如果溫度上升則相反，即電池輸出功率會上升，溫度也影響電解液的傳送速度溫度上升則加快，傳送溫度下降，傳送減慢，電池充放電性能也會受到影響。
       鎳(nie)鎘鎳(nie)氫電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)效(xiao)率在(zai)(zai)(zai)低(di)(di)溫(wen)(wen)會(hui)(hui)有顯著的(de)(de)降(jiang)低(di)(di)（如低(di)(di)于-15℃），而(er)在(zai)(zai)(zai)-20℃時，堿液達到起(qi)凝固點(dian)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)速度(du)(du)也(ye)將(jiang)(jiang)大(da)(da)大(da)(da)降(jiang)低(di)(di)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)低(di)(di)溫(wen)(wen)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)低(di)(di)于0℃會(hui)(hui)增(zeng)大(da)(da)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)內壓(ya)并可(ke)能時安全閥開(kai)啟（電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)就(jiu)會(hui)(hui)因此報(bao)廢了(le)）。為了(le)有效(xiao)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，環(huan)境溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)范(fan)圍應在(zai)(zai)(zai)5-30℃之間，一般(ban)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)效(xiao)率會(hui)(hui)隨(sui)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)的(de)(de)升高而(er)升高，高溫(wen)(wen)時析氧電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)位較(jiao)低(di)(di)，充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)效(xiao)率下(xia)(xia)降(jiang)。充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時環(huan)境溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)一般(ban)控制在(zai)(zai)(zai)３０度(du)(du)以(yi)下(xia)(xia)。當溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)升到45℃以(yi)上，高溫(wen)(wen)下(xia)(xia)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)材料(liao)的(de)(de)性能會(hui)(hui)退化，導致(zhi)副反(fan)應，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)內阻將(jiang)(jiang)會(hui)(hui)增(zeng)大(da)(da)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)循環(huan)壽命也(ye)將(jiang)(jiang)大(da)(da)大(da)(da)縮短(duan)。 

如何解決電池溫度過高？
A．    選擇慢充的充電器。
B．    利用散熱風扇進行冷卻。（風冷時，會令很多“智能”充電器不能自動判別充滿，好的充電器會導致(zhi)電(dian)池稍微過(guo)充(chong)電(dian)，差的(de)充(chong)電(dian)器會導致(zhi)電(dian)池嚴(yan)重過(guo)充(chong)電(dian)）

有條件的話，大家可以檢查一下自己手上的充電器在充電末期的電池溫度，如果超過45度，最好馬上把它仍了。是不是好的充電器，電池的溫升是重要指標之一。