近日總有人說XX充電器好, 其他的如何如何差等諸多言論。為此，很有必要對此現象進行澄清。好的充電器至少應該是：即(ji)能(neng)大(da)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)短時間把電(dian)(dian)池充滿電(dian)(dian)，同(tong)時又(you)能(neng)令到電(dian)(dian)池溫升很(hen)少。

      在所有(you)的(de)(de)環境因素中，溫度對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)充放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)性(xing)(xing)能影響最大(da)，高于45度，對(dui)鎳氫(qing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)性(xing)(xing)能和(he)壽(shou)命有(you)嚴重影響。為降低高溫對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)壽(shou)命的(de)(de)損害，某些新型的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)采用在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極端(duan)子(zi)上(shang)連接一個金屬導電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)片，降低局部高熱(re)的(de)(de)可能性(xing)(xing)，另(ling)有(you)工廠將(jiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)殼外部做成柵凸狀(zhuang)，組合(he)時各單體電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)凸部互相接觸，凹部構成單體電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)之間上(shang)下方向(xiang)的(de)(de)空間，內部填充制冷劑(ji)，使(shi)其從(cong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)下方向(xiang)極柱端(duan)流動(dong)，進行冷卻。

為什么會產生高溫？
       當以0.5C或(huo)以上(shang)的(de)電流對鎳氫(qing)電池進行充電, 就容易導(dao)(dao)致電池發熱(re)，特(te)別是充入了(le)0.7C后。這時候有一部份電能(neng)轉化為熱(re)能(neng)從而導(dao)(dao)致溫度上(shang)升。

環境溫度對電池性能有何影響？ 
      電極/電解液界面上的電化學反應與環境溫度有關，電極/電解液界面被視為電池的心臟。一般來說，高溫可加速化學反應，但同時也加快電池內部老化的過程。如果溫度下降，電極的反應率也下降，假設電池電壓保持恒定，放電電流降低，電池的功率輸出也會下降。如果溫度上升則相反，即電池輸出功率會上升，溫度也影響電解液的傳送速度溫度上升則加快，傳送溫度下降，傳送減慢，電池充放電性能也會受到影響。
       鎳鎘(ge)鎳氫電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)效率(lv)在(zai)低(di)溫(wen)會(hui)(hui)有顯著的(de)(de)降低(di)（如低(di)于(yu)-15℃），而在(zai)-20℃時(shi)，堿液達(da)到起凝固點，電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)速度也將(jiang)大(da)(da)大(da)(da)降低(di)。在(zai)低(di)溫(wen)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)低(di)于(yu)0℃會(hui)(hui)增大(da)(da)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)內(nei)(nei)壓并可能時(shi)安全(quan)閥開(kai)啟（電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)就(jiu)會(hui)(hui)因此報廢了）。為(wei)了有效充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，環境溫(wen)度范圍應在(zai)5-30℃之間(jian)，一般充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)效率(lv)會(hui)(hui)隨溫(wen)度的(de)(de)升高而升高，高溫(wen)時(shi)析氧電(dian)(dian)(dian)位較低(di)，充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)效率(lv)下降。充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)環境溫(wen)度一般控制在(zai)３０度以下。當溫(wen)度升到45℃以上，高溫(wen)下充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)材料的(de)(de)性能會(hui)(hui)退化，導致副反應，電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)內(nei)(nei)阻將(jiang)會(hui)(hui)增大(da)(da)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)循環壽命也將(jiang)大(da)(da)大(da)(da)縮短(duan)。 

如何解決電池溫度過高？
A．    選擇慢充的充電器。
B．    利用散熱風扇進行冷卻。（風冷時，會令很多“智能”充電器不能自動判別充滿，好的充電器會導(dao)致電(dian)池稍微(wei)過充(chong)電(dian)，差的充(chong)電(dian)器會導(dao)致電(dian)池嚴重過充(chong)電(dian)）

有條件的話，大家可以檢查一下自己手上的充電器在充電末期的電池溫度，如果超過45度，最好馬上把它仍了。是不是好的充電器，電池的溫升是重要指標之一。