近日總有人說XX充電器好, 其他的如何如何差等諸多言論。為此，很有必要對此現象進行澄清。好的充電器至少應該是(shi)：即能(neng)大電(dian)流短時間把(ba)電(dian)池(chi)充滿電(dian)，同(tong)時又能(neng)令到電(dian)池(chi)溫升很少。

      在(zai)所有的環境因素中(zhong)，溫度(du)對電池(chi)(chi)的充(chong)(chong)放電性(xing)能影響(xiang)最大，高于45度(du)，對鎳氫電池(chi)(chi)性(xing)能和壽命(ming)有嚴重影響(xiang)。為降低(di)高溫對電池(chi)(chi)壽命(ming)的損害，某些(xie)新型(xing)的電池(chi)(chi)采用在(zai)電極端(duan)子上(shang)連(lian)接一個金屬導(dao)電片(pian)，降低(di)局部(bu)高熱(re)的可能性(xing)，另有工廠(chang)將(jiang)電池(chi)(chi)殼外部(bu)做成柵凸狀，組合時各單體(ti)電池(chi)(chi)凸部(bu)互相接觸，凹部(bu)構成單體(ti)電池(chi)(chi)之間上(shang)下方向(xiang)的空間，內部(bu)填充(chong)(chong)制冷劑，使其從電池(chi)(chi)下方向(xiang)極柱端(duan)流(liu)動(dong)，進行冷卻(que)。

為什么會產生高溫？
       當(dang)以0.5C或(huo)以上(shang)的電流對鎳氫電池(chi)進行充(chong)電, 就容易導致電池(chi)發熱(re)，特別是充(chong)入了0.7C后。這時(shi)候有一部份電能轉化(hua)為(wei)熱(re)能從而(er)導致溫(wen)度(du)上(shang)升。

環境溫度對電池性能有何影響？ 
      電極/電解液界面上的電化學反應與環境溫度有關，電極/電解液界面被視為電池的心臟。一般來說，高溫可加速化學反應，但同時也加快電池內部老化的過程。如果溫度下降，電極的反應率也下降，假設電池電壓保持恒定，放電電流降低，電池的功率輸出也會下降。如果溫度上升則相反，即電池輸出功率會上升，溫度也影響電解液的傳送速度溫度上升則加快，傳送溫度下降，傳送減慢，電池充放電性能也會受到影響。
       鎳(nie)鎘鎳(nie)氫電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)效(xiao)率(lv)在(zai)(zai)低(di)溫會(hui)有顯著的(de)降(jiang)低(di)（如低(di)于(yu)-15℃），而(er)在(zai)(zai)-20℃時，堿液達(da)到起凝固(gu)點，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)速度(du)也將大大降(jiang)低(di)。在(zai)(zai)低(di)溫充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)低(di)于(yu)0℃會(hui)增大電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)內(nei)壓并可能時安全閥開(kai)啟（電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)就會(hui)因此報(bao)廢了(le)(le)）。為了(le)(le)有效(xiao)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，環(huan)(huan)境溫度(du)范圍應(ying)在(zai)(zai)5-30℃之間，一般(ban)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)效(xiao)率(lv)會(hui)隨溫度(du)的(de)升(sheng)高(gao)而(er)升(sheng)高(gao)，高(gao)溫時析氧電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)較低(di)，充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)效(xiao)率(lv)下(xia)降(jiang)。充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時環(huan)(huan)境溫度(du)一般(ban)控制在(zai)(zai)３０度(du)以下(xia)。當溫度(du)升(sheng)到45℃以上，高(gao)溫下(xia)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)材料的(de)性能會(hui)退化，導致副反應(ying)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)內(nei)阻將會(hui)增大，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)循環(huan)(huan)壽命也將大大縮(suo)短。 

如何解決電池溫度過高？
A．    選擇慢充的充電器。
B．    利用散熱風扇進行冷卻。（風冷時，會令很多“智能”充電器不能自動判別充滿，好的充電器會導(dao)致(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池稍微過充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，差的充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器會導(dao)致(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池嚴重過充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)）

有條件的話，大家可以檢查一下自己手上的充電器在充電末期的電池溫度，如果超過45度，最好馬上把它仍了。是不是好的充電器，電池的溫升是重要指標之一。