電池容量是衡量電池質量的重要指標。充電電池的容量測試有很多的方法。可以依據電池的放電曲線，進行短時間放電，從而粗略得出電池容量。這種方法最大的優點是快速，但是充電電池的放電曲線并不具有普遍性，很多劣質電池放電初期電壓也很平穩，一旦進入中后期，電壓下降非常迅速，所以采用這種方法得出的結論將非常不準確的。最可靠最準確無誤的還是以標準電流放電，全程測量實際放電時間的方式。
   不同的放電電流，充電電池最(zui)終(zhong)能(neng)夠釋放(fang)(fang)出的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)是(shi)不同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)，有一定的(de)(de)(de)差(cha)距。蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)容(rong)量(liang)(liang)標注都是(shi)有統一標準(zhun)的(de)(de)(de)。目(mu)前使(shi)用(yong)(yong)最(zui)多的(de)(de)(de)是(shi)10小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)率(lv)(lv)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)量(liang)(liang)與(yu)20小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)率(lv)(lv)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)量(liang)(liang)兩(liang)種。10小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)率(lv)(lv)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)量(liang)(liang)就(jiu)是(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)以(yi)(yi)恒(heng)定電(dian)(dian)(dian)流放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，至電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)耗盡放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)間能(neng)夠維持10個小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)左(zuo)右，這個電(dian)(dian)(dian)流就(jiu)被稱作10小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)率(lv)(lv)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(衡量(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)用(yong)(yong)盡的(de)(de)(de)標準(zhun)，不能(neng)以(yi)(yi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)端(duan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓降低到零為準(zhun)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)過(guo)度(du)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，會導致(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)容(rong)量(liang)(liang)減少，無法恢復，乃至提早損壞、完全失效。所(suo)以(yi)(yi)每種電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)終(zhong)止電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓都有嚴格的(de)(de)(de)規(gui)定，這個可以(yi)(yi)查閱相關資料。過(guo)度(du)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)與(yu)過(guo)度(du)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)是(shi)造(zao)成充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)不能(neng)達(da)到使(shi)用(yong)(yong)年限、提前報廢的(de)(de)(de)主要原(yuan)因)。實時(shi)(shi)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)測量(liang)(liang)方法最(zui)大的(de)(de)(de)缺點(dian)就(jiu)是(shi)費時(shi)(shi)費力，因為耗時(shi)(shi)久這樣測量(liang)(liang)精度(du)也很容(rong)易受到各(ge)種外部因素的(de)(de)(de)影響。

   測量(liang)過(guo)程(cheng)中如果用10小時(shi)率電(dian)(dian)流持續放(fang)電(dian)(dian)時(shi)間(jian)至(zhi)少都要在5個小時(shi)以上，作(zuo)這樣長時(shi)間(jian)的測試更(geng)需要足夠的耐心與(yu)精力以及充(chong)裕的時(shi)間(jian)。科技的發展是(shi)非常(chang)迅(xun)速，今天(tian)單片機已經非常(chang)普及了。通過(guo)單片機程(cheng)序控制(zhi)對(dui)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)時(shi)間(jian)，深(shen)度進行(xing)自動化控制(zhi)，就很容易(yi)精準測出電(dian)(dian)池(chi)的實際(ji)容量(liang)，實現整個過(guo)程(cheng)的自動控制(zhi)。模擬實際(ji)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)測量(liang)容量(liang)的方(fang)法(fa)雖然對(dui)能源(yuan)有(you)一點浪費，但是(shi)對(dui)于1A、2A以下的小容量(liang)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)還是(shi)完全(quan)可(ke)行(xing)的，對(dui)大容量(liang)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)進行(xing)抽樣檢查也是(shi)很有(you)必要。