電池容量是衡量電池質量的重要指標。充電電池的容量測試有很多的方法。可以依據電池的放電曲線，進行短時間放電，從而粗略得出電池容量。這種方法最大的優點是快速，但是充電電池的放電曲線并不具有普遍性，很多劣質電池放電初期電壓也很平穩，一旦進入中后期，電壓下降非常迅速，所以采用這種方法得出的結論將非常不準確的。最可靠最準確無誤的還是以標準電流放電，全程測量實際放電時間的方式。
   不同的放電電流，充電電池最終能(neng)夠釋放(fang)出(chu)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)是(shi)(shi)不(bu)同的(de)(de)(de)，有一(yi)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)差距。蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)(de)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)量(liang)(liang)標(biao)(biao)注(zhu)都是(shi)(shi)有統一(yi)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)的(de)(de)(de)。目前(qian)使用(yong)最多的(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)10小(xiao)時(shi)率(lv)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)量(liang)(liang)與20小(xiao)時(shi)率(lv)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)量(liang)(liang)兩種。10小(xiao)時(shi)率(lv)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)量(liang)(liang)就(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)以(yi)恒定(ding)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，至電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)耗(hao)盡放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)間(jian)能(neng)夠維持10個小(xiao)時(shi)左右，這(zhe)個電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流就(jiu)(jiu)被稱作10小(xiao)時(shi)率(lv)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(衡量(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)用(yong)盡的(de)(de)(de)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)，不(bu)能(neng)以(yi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)端電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)降低到(dao)零為(wei)準(zhun)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)過度(du)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，會導致電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)量(liang)(liang)減少，無法恢復(fu)，乃至提早損壞、完全失(shi)效。所以(yi)每(mei)種電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)終止電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)都有嚴格的(de)(de)(de)規定(ding)，這(zhe)個可以(yi)查閱相關資料。過度(du)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)與過度(du)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)是(shi)(shi)造成充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)不(bu)能(neng)達(da)到(dao)使用(yong)年限、提前(qian)報(bao)廢的(de)(de)(de)主要原因)。實(shi)時(shi)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)測量(liang)(liang)方法最大的(de)(de)(de)缺點就(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)費時(shi)費力，因為(wei)耗(hao)時(shi)久這(zhe)樣測量(liang)(liang)精(jing)度(du)也(ye)很容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)易受到(dao)各(ge)種外(wai)部因素的(de)(de)(de)影響。

   測(ce)量(liang)過(guo)程(cheng)中如果用10小時(shi)(shi)率(lv)電(dian)流(liu)持續放(fang)電(dian)時(shi)(shi)間至少都要(yao)在5個小時(shi)(shi)以上，作這樣長時(shi)(shi)間的測(ce)試更需要(yao)足夠的耐心與精力以及充裕(yu)的時(shi)(shi)間。科(ke)技的發展(zhan)是非(fei)常(chang)迅速(su)，今天單片機已(yi)經非(fei)常(chang)普及了。通(tong)過(guo)單片機程(cheng)序控制對(dui)(dui)放(fang)電(dian)時(shi)(shi)間，深度進行(xing)(xing)自(zi)動(dong)化控制，就很容(rong)易精準測(ce)出電(dian)池的實際容(rong)量(liang)，實現整(zheng)個過(guo)程(cheng)的自(zi)動(dong)控制。模擬實際放(fang)電(dian)測(ce)量(liang)容(rong)量(liang)的方(fang)法雖然對(dui)(dui)能源有一點浪費(fei)，但是對(dui)(dui)于1A、2A以下的小容(rong)量(liang)充電(dian)電(dian)池還(huan)是完全可行(xing)(xing)的，對(dui)(dui)大容(rong)量(liang)電(dian)池進行(xing)(xing)抽樣檢查(cha)也是很有必要(yao)。