一、疾速充電器和快速充電器(qi)的區別是什么？ 

　　這兩者的比較實際上是沒有任何意義的。在電池行業內，對這兩種充電器沒(mei)有明確(que)的(de)(de)界定。因此制(zhi)造商們也經常把它們弄混。有一個問題就(jiu)是(shi)，充滿(man)一節電(dian)池的(de)(de)時間依賴于被充電(dian)的(de)(de)電(dian)池的(de)(de)容量(liang)(liang)。一個需(xu)花1小時充滿(man)1節標準容量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)AAA鎳(nie)鎘電(dian)池（180 mAh）充電(dian)器，可能需(xu)要8小時才能充滿(man)1節高容量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)鎳(nie)氫電(dian)池（1500 mAh）。最好的(de)(de)辦(ban)法是(shi)忽略這(zhe)些差異，粗略地計算一下充電(dian)器充滿(man)電(dian)池所(suo)需(xu)的(de)(de)時間。 

二、每次要花多長(chang)時間(jian)才能把電池充滿？  

我(wo)們可(ke)以很容易計算出充(chong)電(dian)器所花的(de)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)。用(yong)電(dian)池(chi)的(de)容量，簡(jian)單(dan)地除以充(chong)電(dian)器的(de)充(chong)電(dian)效(xiao)率(lv)，然(ran)后(hou)增加20%作(zuo)為無(wu)效(xiao)工作(zuo)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)。舉個(ge)例子，使用(yong)一個(ge)充(chong)電(dian)率(lv)為500mA的(de)充(chong)電(dian)器大約需4小(xiao)時(shi)(shi)才(cai)能充(chong)滿一節有1600mAh的(de)電(dian)池(chi)，計算式子為1600 mAh/500 mA x120%。這個(ge)例子也許偶然(ran)適用(yong)于疾(ji)速充(chong)電(dian)器對(dui)標(biao)準5號(hao)鎳氫電(dian)池(chi)充(chong)電(dian)的(de)情況(kuang)。記住(zhu)，如果一節電(dian)池(chi)只是部分放電(dian)，顯(xian)然(ran)，我(wo)們只需要花更少的(de)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)就能夠把它充(chong)滿電(dian)。 

　　如果你覺得這個(ge)(ge)太復雜了，可以使用我們特別的電池充電時(shi)間計(ji)算(suan)器(qi)。你只需要(yao)輸入上面連續(xu)的兩個(ge)(ge)值就(jiu)行了。然后按Calculate（計(ji)算(suan)），結果就(jiu)會立即在(zai)hours（小時(shi)）前的窗(chuang)口(kou)中出現。 

三、使用(yong)充電器會對電池(chi)有損(sun)害嗎（會減少(shao)電池(chi)壽(shou)命或(huo)降低(di)電池(chi)使用(yong)效(xiao)果）？  

　　是(shi)的(de)。最常(chang)見的(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)失(shi)敗就是(shi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)間過(guo)長，俗(su)稱過(guo)度充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。有(you)一種充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)特別容易導致過(guo)度充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，通常(chang)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)5小時(shi)(shi)以上（有(you)的(de)是(shi)8小時(shi)(shi)）電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)就會報廢，這種充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)就是(shi)所謂的(de)“疾(ji)速充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)”。這種充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)問題(ti)就是(shi)，沒有(you)一個充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)控制(zhi)裝置。大部分疾(ji)速充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)通常(chang)設計非常(chang)簡單，它們一般以最大速率(lv)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)間也(ye)比(bi)較固定，通常(chang)是(shi)5或(huo)(huo)8小時(shi)(shi)就充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)滿了。然(ran)后，你(ni)(ni)就應該把它們關掉，或(huo)(huo)者轉向特慢的(de)涓流充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)速率(lv)。如(ru)果你(ni)(ni)正確的(de)使用(yong)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)，它通常(chang)對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)損害(hai)不大。如(ru)果沒有(you)正確的(de)使用(yong)，充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)通常(chang)會以兩種方式縮短(duan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)壽命(ming)。 

　　首先，設想把完全(quan)(quan)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)后(hou)(hou)和部(bu)分充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)后(hou)(hou)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)放(fang)進充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器內。但(dan)是充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器并不知(zhi)道電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)內有電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。因此它還是對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)進行完全(quan)(quan)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。我(wo)們很少見到把部(bu)分充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)后(hou)(hou)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)放(fang)進充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器內的(de)(de)，因為這(zhe)很容易混(hun)淆電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)，不經意間就(jiu)把充(chong)(chong)(chong)滿(man)(man)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)后(hou)(hou)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)放(fang)進充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器內了。如果你多次對(dui)充(chong)(chong)(chong)滿(man)(man)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)后(hou)(hou)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，它的(de)(de)**能就(jiu)會慢慢降(jiang)低(di)。 

　　另外，通(tong)常情況下，充(chong)(chong)電(dian)周期(qi)不穩(wen)定，很容易被打斷。我(wo)們通(tong)常把充(chong)(chong)電(dian)器拔開(kai)，看看電(dian)池的熱(re)度(du)如何。然后，再把充(chong)(chong)電(dian)器插回(hui)去(qu)。不幸的是，這通(tong)常會(hui)導(dao)致重(zhong)新開(kai)始完整(zheng)的充(chong)(chong)電(dian)周期(qi)，前面的充(chong)(chong)電(dian)周期(qi)已經(jing)完成了(le)。這也常會(hui)降低(di)電(dian)池壽命。 

為了避免這些問題，我們可以使用一個智能充電器，它有(you)微處理(li)器(qi)控制。智能充電(dian)(dian)器(qi)通常會決(jue)定什么(me)時(shi)候電(dian)(dian)池充滿(man)了(le)電(dian)(dian)，然后(hou)根(gen)據設(she)計的不同，完(wan)全關掉充電(dian)(dian)器(qi)或轉(zhuan)向(xiang)涓流充電(dian)(dian)。 

四、什么是涓流充電（使(shi)蓄電池緩慢而連續充(chong)電的裝備）？  

　　理(li)論上說，涓(juan)流充電(dian)(dian)是指一種充電(dian)(dian)速率高至使(shi)電(dian)(dian)池完全充滿電(dian)(dian)、低至可避免過(guo)度充電(dian)(dian)的充電(dian)(dian)方(fang)式。維(wei)持(chi)充電(dian)(dian)也是描述涓(juan)流充電(dian)(dian)的一種方(fang)式。 

五、涓流(liu)充電對電池有損害嗎？  

　　許多電池制(zhi)造商建議不要(yao)長(chang)期使用涓流充電。 

　　如果(guo)使用(yong)涓(juan)(juan)流充電(dian)(dian)，那么(me)充電(dian)(dian)速(su)率就會(hui)非常低(di)，并且有(you)時斷斷續續。當給電(dian)(dian)池(chi)充電(dian)(dian)時，最好的(de)智能(neng)充電(dian)(dian)器(qi)只(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)進(jin)行臨時的(de)充電(dian)(dian)速(su)率變化(hua)。它們沒(mei)有(you)連續的(de)低(di)速(su)率充電(dian)(dian)功能(neng)。一些電(dian)(dian)池(chi)經(jing)銷(xiao)商說，如果(guo)進(jin)行長期的(de)涓(juan)(juan)流充電(dian)(dian)，只(zhi)(zhi)有(you)十分(fen)之(zhi)一的(de)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)能(neng)量不會(hui)受到傷害。然(ran)而，我們還沒(mei)有(you)見(jian)到任何(he)廠商進(jin)行這樣(yang)的(de)測(ce)試。 

　　最好還是把電(dian)池(chi)完(wan)全充滿電(dian)，然后儲存好。不要(yao)進(jin)行(xing)額(e)外的涓流充電(dian)。免得出現(xian)意外的損害。 

六、疾速充電會減(jian)少電池(chi)的(de)壽命(ming)嗎？  

　　不(bu)是很嚴重。只要使(shi)用了(le)一個適當的(de)智能(neng)(neng)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)，你就能(neng)(neng)在約一個小(xiao)時內把幾乎各種鎳(nie)(nie)氫電(dian)(dian)池(chi)完(wan)全充(chong)(chong)(chong)好電(dian)(dian)，并(bing)且沒有(you)任何損壞，電(dian)(dian)池(chi)壽(shou)命也不(bu)會有(you)大(da)幅降低，可能(neng)(neng)減少不(bu)到10%。顯然(ran)，這總是比使(shi)用慢(man)速充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)好多(duo)了(le)。然(ran)而(er)，只能(neng)(neng)使(shi)用特(te)別設(she)計(ji)的(de)鎳(nie)(nie)氫電(dian)(dian)池(chi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)給大(da)多(duo)數鎳(nie)(nie)氫電(dian)(dian)池(chi)快速充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)。另(ling)外，專為鎳(nie)(nie)鎘電(dian)(dian)池(chi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)設(she)計(ji)的(de)疾速充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)很可能(neng)(neng)會給鎳(nie)(nie)氫電(dian)(dian)池(chi)過(guo)度充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)。 

七、鎳氫電池充電器和鎳鎘電池充電器的(de)區別是什么？  

　　最大的(de)差別在(zai)于充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)速率（充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)給(gei)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)的(de)速度(du)），以及充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)控制（怎么什么時(shi)(shi)候(hou)決(jue)定(ding)停止充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)）。 許(xu)多廉(lian)價的(de)鎳(nie)氫(qing)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)經過(guo)簡單的(de)改造，就成了鎳(nie)鎘(ge)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)。通(tong)常，一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)5小時(shi)(shi)的(de)鎳(nie)鎘(ge)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)有一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)開關，允(yun)許(xu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)間從5個(ge)小時(shi)(shi)增(zeng)加到(dao)8個(ge)小時(shi)(shi)。 這樣(yang)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)5小時(shi)(shi)鎳(nie)鎘(ge)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)就變成了一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)8小時(shi)(shi)鎳(nie)氫(qing)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)。我們(men)在(zai)這里并不是說推薦使用這種(zhong)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)。然而，一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)定(ding)時(shi)(shi)的(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)相比一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)智(zhi)能充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)，生(sheng)產成本要(yao)少一(yi)(yi)(yi)些。如果電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)在(zai)放電(dian)(dian)之(zhi)前進行(xing)頻繁的(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)（也就是說，電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)只使用了很短(duan)的(de)時(shi)(shi)間，然后又立即被完全充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)），定(ding)時(shi)(shi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)通(tong)常導致(zhi)過(guo)度(du)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)，或者(zhe)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)損害。 

　　鎳氫(qing)電(dian)池(chi)智能充(chong)電(dian)器(qi)實際(ji)上(shang)是專門(men)檢測(ce)鎳氫(qing)電(dian)池(chi)什(shen)么時(shi)候被充(chong)滿了。然后，關上(shang)開(kai)關或轉向涓流充(chong)電(dian)模式(shi)。顯(xian)然，這要(yao)經過更復雜的電(dian)路。所(suo)以，這類充(chong)電(dian)器(qi)要(yao)花(hua)費(fei)更多的時(shi)間與金錢。但是，它可能會(hui)延長電(dian)池(chi)的壽(shou)命。有些智能充(chong)電(dian)器(qi)僅(jin)僅(jin)比(bi)定時(shi)充(chong)電(dian)器(qi)稍微花(hua)多一點成本。我們強烈建議，當(dang)你想(xiang)購買智能充(chong)電(dian)器(qi)時(shi)，調(diao)查一下它與鎳氫(qing)或鎳鎘電(dian)池(chi)的兼容(rong)**。 

八、能夠(gou)使(shi)用舊的鎳鎘電(dian)池(chi)充(chong)電(dian)器對鎳氫電(dian)池(chi)充(chong)電(dian)嗎？  

　　這個問題(ti)的**取決(jue)于鎳鎘(ge)(ge)充(chong)電(dian)器(qi)的類型。由于有這種依賴(lai)**，舊的鎳鎘(ge)(ge)電(dian)池充(chong)電(dian)器(qi)可(ke)能(neng)不(bu)會(hui)給(gei)鎳氫(qing)電(dian)池充(chong)滿(man)電(dian)（是(shi)很有可(ke)能(neng)），幾乎不(bu)可(ke)能(neng)發生過度(du)充(chong)電(dian)的情況(kuang)， 或(huo)適當地給(gei)鎳氫(qing)電(dian)池充(chong)電(dian)（但是(shi)它不(bu)可(ke)能(neng)自動處理(li)，結果還是(shi)要(yao)花很長時(shi)間）。讓我們來看(kan)一下這三種情況(kuang)。 

　　許多“古老”的(de)鎳(nie)(nie)鎘電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)是(shi)簡(jian)單的(de)定(ding)(ding)(ding)時(shi)(shi)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)，充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)間都是(shi)固定(ding)(ding)(ding)好(hao)了(le)的(de)。時(shi)(shi)間一到，就自動關上了(le)。不(bu)幸的(de)是(shi)，因為(wei)鎳(nie)(nie)鎘電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)比鎳(nie)(nie)氫(qing)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)容(rong)量(liang)小，當使(shi)用鎳(nie)(nie)鎘電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)時(shi)(shi)間標準(zhun)給鎳(nie)(nie)氫(qing)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)，充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)可能(neng)會(hui)提前(qian)中止。這(zhe)雖然不(bu)會(hui)傷害電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)，但(dan)是(shi)鎳(nie)(nie)氫(qing)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)肯定(ding)(ding)(ding)不(bu)會(hui)被完全充(chong)(chong)滿電(dian)(dian)，因為(wei)定(ding)(ding)(ding)時(shi)(shi)器(qi)早(zao)就固定(ding)(ding)(ding)好(hao)了(le)。充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)停止充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)，顯然是(shi)太早(zao)了(le)。充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)周(zhou)期也就會(hui)縮(suo)短(duan)。 

　　另(ling)外，在更(geng)舊的(de)(de)(de)鎳鎘(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)之中，有一(yi)(yi)種(zhong)非(fei)常普通(tong)的(de)(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)，就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)所謂的(de)(de)(de)“通(tong)宵”充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)。只要充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)接通(tong)了電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源，它(ta)的(de)(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)速率就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)非(fei)常低。 這(zhe)類(lei)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)能(neng)(neng)為鎳氫電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)分充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，但是(shi)(shi)它(ta)可(ke)能(neng)(neng)花上很長的(de)(de)(de)時(shi)間。一(yi)(yi)個舊的(de)(de)(de)鎳鎘(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)很可(ke)能(neng)(neng)要花上48個小時(shi)才能(neng)(neng)給新款高電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容的(de)(de)(de)鎳氫電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)分充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)！這(zhe)類(lei)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)幾(ji)乎不(bu)可(ke)能(neng)(neng)損壞鎳氫電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池，除非(fei)把(ba)鎳氫電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池放(fang)在充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)里長達(da)一(yi)(yi)個星期，但是(shi)(shi)這(zhe)樣就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)不(bu)方便使用了。如果(guo)你有這(zhe)種(zhong)類(lei)型的(de)(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)，應該根據我們(men)上面的(de)(de)(de)公式(shi)簡單(dan)的(de)(de)(de)把(ba)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)間算出來 

　　但是，最終我們可能選擇一款更舊的鎳鎘電池充電器：疾速充電器。它給鎳氫電池充電，不需要多余的電路。因為一旦電池充滿后，充電周期就停止了，被記錄下來。如果鎳鎘電池充電器將在2個小時以內給電池充分充電，那么它就可以說是疾速充電器。在這個情況中，唯一的風險就是：更舊的疾速充電器可能會給鎳氫電池過度充電。如果在充電周期中，電池變得很熱，那么這就是過度充電的征兆（一般來說，當鎳氫電池被充分充電后，就會變得溫暖一些，特別是使用疾速充電器時）。如果鎳氫電池變得太熱，我們無法及時處理，當持續20或30分鐘后，鎳鎘電池充電器就很可能對鎳氫電(dian)(dian)(dian)池過度(du)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)了(le)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)池的壽(shou)命(ming)就會縮短。如果(guo)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器專為需迅速充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)的收音機電(dian)(dian)(dian)池充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，你(ni)很可能遇(yu)見到這類充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器。我們建議不要使(shi)用鎳鎘(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池疾(ji)速充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器給鎳氫電(dian)(dian)(dian)池充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian) 本文摘(zhai)自于電(dian)(dian)(dian)池論(lun)壇