1、 鉛酸蓄電池為什么在初次使用前要使用電動車充電器進行補充充電？

答：電池從出廠到使(shi)用，一般要經過1-2個月，甚(shen)至(zhi)更長的(de)時間，電(dian)(dian)池在存放期間由于電(dian)(dian)池內部的(de)自(zi)放電(dian)(dian)等自(zi)發反應，消(xiao)耗(hao)了一部分電(dian)(dian)量，達不到額定(ding)容量值，所以(yi)初次使(shi)用前，最好(hao)進行(xing)補充(chong)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)，以(yi)免顧客誤認為是容量不足。

2、 電動車如果要存放較長時間應該怎樣對電動車電池進行處理？

答：首先應將電動車電池充(chong)(chong)足(zu)電存(cun)放，并且應該一個月內至少(shao)充(chong)(chong)一次電，防(fang)止虧電，能(neng)有效(xiao)防(fang)止晶技生(sheng)成(cheng)造成(cheng)不可逆鹽化和晶枝短路等。

3、 電池使用充電器進行充電前要不要先(xian)放(fang)完電？

答：電動車鉛酸蓄電池不同于其它二次電池(chi)，它無記憶效應，所(suo)以，無論電池(chi)處于何種荷電狀態(tai)，都可直接進行(xing)充電，無須放電。

4、電池是(shi)勤充電(dian)(dian)好(hao)還是(shi)放完電(dian)(dian)再(zai)充電(dian)(dian)好(hao)？

答：由于放電越深越淺，其循環次數將大幅度增加。因此，按這一理論，勤充電對循環壽命是有益的，但就目前市場上大量流通使用的充電器來講，由于受價格因素及技術水平等影響，充電器存(cun)在故障率高，可靠性差(cha)，精度低(di)等缺陷。因此(ci)(ci)，有時勤(qin)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)反而影響電(dian)(dian)池(chi)的使(shi)用壽(shou)命。將電(dian)(dian)池(chi)放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)空再充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)，充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)次數雖然減(jian)少，但放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)時由于單體電(dian)(dian)池(chi)之間總會存(cun)在差(cha)異(yi)可能造成某些(xie)單格過放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)，過放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)接(jie)受能力會大大降(jiang)低(di)，引起充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)不足(zu)的故障，另(ling)外由于放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)完電(dian)(dian)再充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)，充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器重負荷時間長，易損壞充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器。因此(ci)(ci)，綜合上述，我們認為蓄 電(dian)(dian)池(chi)放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)出電(dian)(dian)量(liang)的50-70%時進行一次充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)是較(jiao)合理的，對電(dian)(dian)池(chi)的使(shi)用有好處。

5、過充電和欠(qian)充電有什么害處？

答：過充電即蓄電池充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)大(da)于蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)可(ke)接受電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)，多出(chu)部(bu)分即(ji)是(shi)過充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)，過充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)主要是(shi)產生(sheng)(sheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)解水的副反(fan)應，由于電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)正(zheng)極(ji)(ji)(ji)產生(sheng)(sheng)氧氣轉移(yi)到(dao)負(fu)極(ji)(ji)(ji)發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)氧復合反(fan)應，會發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)熱量(liang)，因此過充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)實(shi)際轉換成熱量(liang)使(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)溫度(du)升(sheng)高(gao)，若不加以控(kong)制，會造成大(da)量(liang)失(shi)水，嚴重者造成“熱失(shi)控(kong)”容(rong)量(liang)劇減，甚至變形等故障。欠充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)通(tong)俗講(jiang)就是(shi)未充(chong)飽電(dian)(dian)(dian)經常處于充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)不足(zu)的情況下，極(ji)(ji)(ji)極(ji)(ji)(ji)就會逐漸形成一種粗大(da)堅(jian)硬的硫酸鉛，它幾乎不溶解，即(ji)產生(sheng)(sheng)所謂(wei)的“不可(ke)逆硫酸鹽化”，使(shi)用普通(tong)的方法無法充(chong)進電(dian)(dian)(dian)，因此容(rong)量(liang)會一次一次地快速衰減。

6、過放電對電池有什么害(hai)處？

電(dian)(dian)(dian)池在放電(dian)(dian)(dian)過(guo)程(cheng)中正極(ji)活(huo)性物質(zhi)，負(fu)極(ji)活(huo)性物質(zhi)均逐漸(jian)轉化(hua)成電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)很大PBSO4，并消(xiao)耗電(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)液中的(de)硫(liu)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)，內阻(zu)逐漸(jian)增大，因(yin)(yin)此過(guo)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)時，特(te)別(bie)是(shi)以較大電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)過(guo)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)會發出大量(liang)熱量(liang)，并且電(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)硫(liu)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)量(liang)很少，過(guo)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)時硫(liu)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)濃度減得很低，PBSO4溶解(jie)度大幅度增加，因(yin)(yin)此容易在極(ji)板上形成一種粗大堅硬(ying)的(de)PBSO4晶體，即“不可逆硫(liu)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)鹽化(hua)”大大地減弱電(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)接(jie)受能力，危害(hai)特(te)別(bie)大。

7、電動車電池使用時需要補液嗎？

答：一般情況下無(wu)需補液，由于電(dian)動助(zhu)力車鉛(qian)酸(suan)密封電(dian)池(chi)屬一種閥控密封電(dian)池(chi)，正(zheng)(zheng)常(chang)使(shi)用(yong)過程(cheng)中發(fa)生氧復(fu)合(he)反應(ying)，使(shi)其水(shui)耗量(liang)極(ji)少，在(zai)正(zheng)(zheng)常(chang)壽命(ming)期間無(wu)需補加(jia)(jia)電(dian)解(jie)液或水(shui)。但由于受(shou)使(shi)用(yong)環境條件和充電(dian)的影響可能會(hui)有(you)一些電(dian)池(chi)失水(shui)量(liang)較大(da)，甚至發(fa)生干涸現象，此(ci)時應(ying)對其補加(jia)(jia)電(dian)解(jie)液或純水(shui)，補加(jia)(jia)電(dian)解(jie)液密度為1.05g/cm 的稀(xi)硫(liu)酸(suan)或純水(shui)，使(shi)失水(shui)較嚴重的電(dian)池(chi)重新(xin)恢(hui)復(fu)正(zheng)(zheng)常(chang)。補液后還(huan)應(ying)將多余的游(you)離液抽出。

8、電(dian)動車電(dian)池什么(me)情況下需進(jin)行(xing)維(wei)護充電(dian)，其充電(dian)參數怎樣(yang)(yang)，怎樣(yang)(yang)進(jin)行(xing)維(wei)護充電(dian)？

答：電動車電池遇下列情況之一時需要進行維護充電：1、電池容量衰減(jian)減(jian)速太快；2、出現落(luo)(luo)后(hou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池；3、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池失液后(hou)，重新補(bu)液；4、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池長時間(jian)(jian)放置后(hou)；5、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池出現嚴重過放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)后(hou)；6、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池長時間(jian)(jian)處于低溫(wen)環(huan)境工作(zuo)等；7、充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)參(can)數(shu)不合理長期(qi)(qi)欠充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)；維(wei)護(hu)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)參(can)數(shu)怎(zen)樣定(ding)；一般采(cai)用恒壓(ya)限流(liu)(liu)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)或多階段恒流(liu)(liu)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)前中期(qi)(qi)與車配充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器參(can)數(shu)基本一致，只是(shi)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)后(hou)期(qi)(qi)將充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)最(zui)高電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)提高到16V/只或更高。即采(cai)用高電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)過充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，進行(xing)深(shen)度充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)修(xiu)復已落(luo)(luo)后(hou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池。維(wei)護(hu)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)也叫均衡充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。

9、電池初始容量大小(xiao)與壽命(ming)有什么關系？

答(da)：電(dian)池(chi)(chi)容量(liang)(liang)受(shou)活性(xing)物(wu)質(zhi)和利(li)用率影(ying)響。電(dian)動助(zhu)力車蓄電(dian)池(chi)(chi)外形尺(chi)寸一(yi)定，極(ji)(ji)板的(de)(de)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)已被(bei)限制到一(yi)定的(de)(de)程(cheng)(cheng)度，只有提(ti)(ti)高(gao)活性(xing)物(wu)質(zhi)的(de)(de)利(li)用率，才能提(ti)(ti)高(gao)容量(liang)(liang)。要(yao)提(ti)(ti)高(gao)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)容量(liang)(liang)，必然(ran)增(zeng)加孔率，提(ti)(ti)高(gao)PbO2含量(liang)(liang)、硫(liu)酸(suan)比重，但(dan)是(shi)這些措施都會加速(su)正極(ji)(ji)板的(de)(de)軟化，造成電(dian)池(chi)(chi)壽(shou)命加速(su)衰減，充放電(dian)過程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)活性(xing)物(wu)質(zhi)會產生膨脹、收(shou)(shou)縮 (特別是(shi)正極(ji)(ji)板)，放電(dian)深(shen)度越(yue)深(shen)，活性(xing)物(wu)質(zhi)膨脹收(shou)(shou)縮量(liang)(liang)越(yue)大，更加速(su)活性(xing)物(wu)質(zhi)軟化。因(yin)此(ci)，初(chu)始容量(liang)(liang)偏大時直接影(ying)響蓄電(dian)池(chi)(chi)充放電(dian)次數。當然(ran)要(yao)滿足使(shi)用，要(yao)求初(chu)始容量(liang)(liang)不(bu)能太(tai)小(xiao)，需要(yao)一(yi)種折中(zhong)的(de)(de)選擇才能滿足需要(yao)，既(ji)保證延長壽(shou)命，又確(que)保容量(liang)(liang)滿足使(shi)用要(yao)求。

10、電池電壓(ya)高(gao)容量就大嗎(ma)？

答：電(dian)池電(dian)壓(ya)與容(rong)量是兩個概念，電(dian)壓(ya)與電(dian)極材料和電(dian)解液濃度(du)相關，電(dian)池的容(rong)量是活性物質(zhi)經電(dian)化學反應產生(sheng)電(dian)流而釋放出來的，它與各(ge)活性物質(zhi)的量，反應條件及利用率，連接等有關，因(yin)此(ci)電(dian)壓(ya)高不能說容(rong)量就(jiu)高，電(dian)壓(ya)低也不一(yi)定容(rong)量就(jiu)低。

11、溫度對電池性能有(you)什么(me)影響？

答(da)：電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時，在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)上發生(sheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)化(hua)學反應，溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)越高，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)各活性物質的活度(du)(du)增加，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解液(ye)粘(zhan)度(du)(du)降(jiang)低(di)(di)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻減小，因此(ci)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)化(hua)學反應容(rong)易進行(xing)，反之則(ze)不容(rong)易進行(xing)。放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)越低(di)(di)，放(fang)出容(rong)量越低(di)(di)，在特別低(di)(di)的溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)下(xia)，放(fang)出容(rong)量將(jiang)大幅(fu)度(du)(du)下(xia)降(jiang)，溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)高則(ze)相反；充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)越低(di)(di)，充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)接受能(neng)力越差，要(yao)求充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓較高，才(cai)能(neng)充足電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。反之溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)越高，充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)接受能(neng)力越好，易造(zao)成過(guo)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，因此(ci)要(yao)求降(jiang)低(di)(di)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓，才(cai)不至于造(zao)成過(guo)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。此(ci)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)的變化(hua)，直(zhi)接影響(xiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)和放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)性能(neng)。

12、電動車電池循環(huan)次數是一定的嗎？

答：循環次數，根據放電深度不同而差別很大，放電深度越深，循環次數越小，放電深度越淺，循環次數越多，有時是呈指數變化，根據試驗結果放電深渡與循環次數聯系如下表：
放電深度 100% 70% 50% 20% 10%
循環次數 350次 550次 1000次 2800次 7000次