1、 鉛酸蓄電池為什么在初次使用前要使用電動車充電器進行補充充電？

答：電池從出廠到使用(yong)，一(yi)般(ban)要經過(guo)1-2個月，甚至(zhi)更長的時(shi)間，電(dian)池在(zai)存放期間由于電(dian)池內部(bu)(bu)的自(zi)放電(dian)等自(zi)發反應，消耗(hao)了(le)一(yi)部(bu)(bu)分(fen)電(dian)量，達不到額定容(rong)量值(zhi)，所以初次使用(yong)前，最好(hao)進行補充充電(dian)，以免顧客誤認為是容(rong)量不足。

2、 電動車如果要存放較長時間應該怎樣對電動車電池進行處理？

答：首先應將電動車電池充(chong)足(zu)電存放(fang)，并且應該一(yi)個(ge)月(yue)內至少充(chong)一(yi)次電，防止虧電，能有效防止晶技生成造(zao)成不可逆鹽化和晶枝短路等。

3、 電池使用充電器進行充電(dian)(dian)前要(yao)(yao)不要(yao)(yao)先放完(wan)電(dian)(dian)？

答：電動車鉛酸蓄電池不同于其(qi)它二(er)次電池，它無(wu)記憶效應，所以，無(wu)論電池處于何種荷電狀態，都可直接進行充電，無(wu)須(xu)放電。

4、電池是勤(qin)充(chong)電(dian)好還是放完電(dian)再充(chong)電(dian)好？

答：由于放電越深越淺，其循環次數將大幅度增加。因此，按這一理論，勤充電對循環壽命是有益的，但就目前市場上大量流通使用的充電器來講，由于受價格因素及技術水平等影響，充電器存在(zai)故障率(lv)高(gao)，可靠性差，精度低(di)等(deng)缺陷。因此(ci)，有時勤(qin)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)反而影響電(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)使用壽(shou)命。將電(dian)池(chi)放(fang)空再充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)，充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)次(ci)(ci)數(shu)雖(sui)然減少，但放(fang)電(dian)時由于(yu)(yu)單(dan)體電(dian)池(chi)之間總會(hui)存在(zai)差異可能造成(cheng)某些(xie)單(dan)格過放(fang)電(dian)，過放(fang)電(dian)池(chi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)接受能力(li)會(hui)大大降(jiang)低(di)，引(yin)起(qi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)不(bu)足(zu)的(de)(de)故障，另外(wai)由于(yu)(yu)放(fang)完(wan)電(dian)再充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)，充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)器(qi)重(zhong)負荷時間長，易損壞充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)器(qi)。因此(ci)，綜合(he)上(shang)述，我們認為蓄 電(dian)池(chi)放(fang)出(chu)電(dian)量的(de)(de)50-70%時進(jin)行一次(ci)(ci)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)是(shi)較合(he)理的(de)(de)，對電(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)使用有好處(chu)。

5、過充(chong)電和欠充(chong)電有什么(me)害處？

答：過充電即蓄電池充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流大于蓄電(dian)(dian)池可接受電(dian)(dian)流，多出(chu)部分即是(shi)過充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)，過充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)主(zhu)要是(shi)產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)電(dian)(dian)解水的(de)(de)副反(fan)應(ying)，由于電(dian)(dian)池正極(ji)產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)氧(yang)氣(qi)轉移到負(fu)極(ji)發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)氧(yang)復合(he)反(fan)應(ying)，會(hui)(hui)(hui)發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)熱(re)量(liang)(liang)(liang)，因此(ci)過充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)實際轉換(huan)成熱(re)量(liang)(liang)(liang)使電(dian)(dian)池溫(wen)度升高，若不(bu)加以(yi)控制(zhi)，會(hui)(hui)(hui)造成大量(liang)(liang)(liang)失(shi)水，嚴重者造成“熱(re)失(shi)控”容量(liang)(liang)(liang)劇(ju)減，甚至變形(xing)等故障(zhang)。欠充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)通俗講就是(shi)未充(chong)(chong)(chong)飽電(dian)(dian)經常(chang)處于充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)不(bu)足的(de)(de)情(qing)況下(xia)，極(ji)極(ji)就會(hui)(hui)(hui)逐漸形(xing)成一種粗大堅硬的(de)(de)硫(liu)酸(suan)鉛，它幾乎不(bu)溶解，即產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)所謂的(de)(de)“不(bu)可逆硫(liu)酸(suan)鹽化(hua)”，使用普通的(de)(de)方法無(wu)法充(chong)(chong)(chong)進電(dian)(dian)，因此(ci)容量(liang)(liang)(liang)會(hui)(hui)(hui)一次一次地快(kuai)速(su)衰減。

6、過放(fang)電對電池有什么害處？

電(dian)(dian)池在放電(dian)(dian)過(guo)程(cheng)中正極(ji)活性(xing)物(wu)質，負極(ji)活性(xing)物(wu)質均逐漸轉化成電(dian)(dian)阻(zu)很大(da)(da)(da)PBSO4，并(bing)消耗(hao)電(dian)(dian)解液中的(de)硫(liu)酸(suan)，內(nei)阻(zu)逐漸增(zeng)大(da)(da)(da)，因此過(guo)放電(dian)(dian)時，特別(bie)是(shi)以較大(da)(da)(da)電(dian)(dian)流過(guo)放電(dian)(dian)會發(fa)出(chu)大(da)(da)(da)量(liang)熱(re)量(liang)，并(bing)且電(dian)(dian)池的(de)硫(liu)酸(suan)量(liang)很少，過(guo)放電(dian)(dian)時硫(liu)酸(suan)濃度(du)減得很低(di)，PBSO4溶(rong)解度(du)大(da)(da)(da)幅度(du)增(zeng)加，因此容易(yi)在極(ji)板上形成一種粗大(da)(da)(da)堅硬的(de)PBSO4晶體，即“不可(ke)逆硫(liu)酸(suan)鹽化”大(da)(da)(da)大(da)(da)(da)地減弱電(dian)(dian)池的(de)充電(dian)(dian)接受能力，危害特別(bie)大(da)(da)(da)。

7、電動車電池使用時需要補液嗎？

答：一(yi)般(ban)情況(kuang)下無需補液，由于電(dian)(dian)動助力車鉛(qian)酸(suan)密(mi)(mi)封電(dian)(dian)池(chi)屬一(yi)種閥控密(mi)(mi)封電(dian)(dian)池(chi)，正(zheng)常使(shi)用(yong)過程(cheng)中發生氧復(fu)合(he)反應，使(shi)其(qi)水(shui)耗(hao)量極(ji)少，在正(zheng)常壽命期(qi)間無需補加電(dian)(dian)解液或(huo)水(shui)。但(dan)由于受使(shi)用(yong)環境條件(jian)和充電(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)影(ying)響可能會有一(yi)些電(dian)(dian)池(chi)失(shi)水(shui)量較(jiao)大，甚(shen)至發生干(gan)涸現象(xiang)，此時應對(dui)其(qi)補加電(dian)(dian)解液或(huo)純(chun)水(shui)，補加電(dian)(dian)解液密(mi)(mi)度為1.05g/cm 的(de)(de)稀硫酸(suan)或(huo)純(chun)水(shui)，使(shi)失(shi)水(shui)較(jiao)嚴重的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)重新(xin)恢復(fu)正(zheng)常。補液后還應將多余的(de)(de)游離液抽出。

8、電(dian)(dian)動車(che)電(dian)(dian)池什么情況下需(xu)進行維(wei)護(hu)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)，其(qi)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)參(can)數怎樣，怎樣進行維(wei)護(hu)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)？

答：電動車電池遇下列情況之一時需要進行維護充電：1、電池容量衰減(jian)減(jian)速太(tai)快；2、出(chu)現(xian)落后(hou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池；3、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池失液后(hou)，重新補液；4、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池長(chang)(chang)時間(jian)放置(zhi)后(hou)；5、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池出(chu)現(xian)嚴重過(guo)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)后(hou)；6、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池長(chang)(chang)時間(jian)處于低溫環境工作等；7、充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)參數不合(he)理長(chang)(chang)期欠充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)；維護充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)參數怎樣定(ding)；一般采(cai)用恒壓(ya)限流(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)或(huo)多階(jie)段恒流(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)前中期與車配(pei)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器參數基(ji)本(ben)一致，只是充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)后(hou)期將充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)最高電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)提(ti)高到16V/只或(huo)更(geng)高。即(ji)采(cai)用高電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)過(guo)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，進行(xing)深(shen)度充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)修(xiu)復已落后(hou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池。維護充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)也(ye)叫均(jun)衡充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。

9、電(dian)池初始容量大小與壽(shou)命有什么關系(xi)？

答：電(dian)池(chi)(chi)容(rong)(rong)量(liang)(liang)受(shou)活(huo)性(xing)(xing)物(wu)質(zhi)和利用(yong)率影響(xiang)。電(dian)動助力(li)車蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)外形尺寸一(yi)定(ding)，極(ji)板的(de)(de)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)已被限(xian)制到(dao)一(yi)定(ding)的(de)(de)程(cheng)度(du)，只有提高(gao)(gao)活(huo)性(xing)(xing)物(wu)質(zhi)的(de)(de)利用(yong)率，才能提高(gao)(gao)容(rong)(rong)量(liang)(liang)。要(yao)(yao)(yao)提高(gao)(gao)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)容(rong)(rong)量(liang)(liang)，必(bi)然增加(jia)孔率，提高(gao)(gao)PbO2含量(liang)(liang)、硫酸比重(zhong)，但(dan)是(shi)這(zhe)些措施都會(hui)加(jia)速正極(ji)板的(de)(de)軟化(hua)，造(zao)成電(dian)池(chi)(chi)壽(shou)命(ming)加(jia)速衰減，充放電(dian)過程(cheng)中活(huo)性(xing)(xing)物(wu)質(zhi)會(hui)產生膨脹、收縮 (特(te)別是(shi)正極(ji)板)，放電(dian)深(shen)度(du)越(yue)深(shen)，活(huo)性(xing)(xing)物(wu)質(zhi)膨脹收縮量(liang)(liang)越(yue)大，更加(jia)速活(huo)性(xing)(xing)物(wu)質(zhi)軟化(hua)。因此，初(chu)(chu)始容(rong)(rong)量(liang)(liang)偏大時直接影響(xiang)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)充放電(dian)次數。當(dang)然要(yao)(yao)(yao)滿(man)(man)足使(shi)用(yong)，要(yao)(yao)(yao)求初(chu)(chu)始容(rong)(rong)量(liang)(liang)不能太小，需要(yao)(yao)(yao)一(yi)種折中的(de)(de)選擇才能滿(man)(man)足需要(yao)(yao)(yao)，既保證延長壽(shou)命(ming)，又(you)確保容(rong)(rong)量(liang)(liang)滿(man)(man)足使(shi)用(yong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求。

10、電池電壓高容量就(jiu)大嗎？

答：電(dian)池(chi)電(dian)壓(ya)與(yu)容量是(shi)兩(liang)個概(gai)念(nian)，電(dian)壓(ya)與(yu)電(dian)極材(cai)料和電(dian)解液濃度相關(guan)(guan)，電(dian)池(chi)的容量是(shi)活性物質(zhi)(zhi)經(jing)電(dian)化學反應產生電(dian)流而釋放(fang)出來的，它與(yu)各(ge)活性物質(zhi)(zhi)的量，反應條件及(ji)利用率，連接等(deng)有關(guan)(guan)，因此電(dian)壓(ya)高(gao)不(bu)能說(shuo)容量就(jiu)高(gao)，電(dian)壓(ya)低也不(bu)一定容量就(jiu)低。

11、溫度對(dui)電池性能有什么(me)影響？

答：電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)，在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極上(shang)發(fa)生電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)化學反應，溫(wen)(wen)度(du)越(yue)(yue)高(gao)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池各(ge)活(huo)性物質的(de)(de)活(huo)度(du)增加，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解液(ye)粘度(du)降(jiang)(jiang)低(di)(di)(di)(di)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻減小，因此電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)化學反應容易進(jin)行(xing)，反之則(ze)不(bu)容易進(jin)行(xing)。放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)越(yue)(yue)低(di)(di)(di)(di)，放出(chu)容量越(yue)(yue)低(di)(di)(di)(di)，在特別低(di)(di)(di)(di)的(de)(de)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)下(xia)(xia)，放出(chu)容量將(jiang)大幅度(du)下(xia)(xia)降(jiang)(jiang)，溫(wen)(wen)度(du)高(gao)則(ze)相反；充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)越(yue)(yue)低(di)(di)(di)(di)，充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)接受能力越(yue)(yue)差，要(yao)求充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓較高(gao)，才能充足電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。反之溫(wen)(wen)度(du)越(yue)(yue)高(gao)，充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)接受能力越(yue)(yue)好，易造成過(guo)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，因此要(yao)求降(jiang)(jiang)低(di)(di)(di)(di)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓，才不(bu)至于(yu)造成過(guo)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。此溫(wen)(wen)度(du)的(de)(de)變化，直接影響電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)和放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)性能。

12、電(dian)動(dong)車(che)電(dian)池循環次數是一(yi)定的嗎？

答：循環次數，根據放電深度不同而差別很大，放電深度越深，循環次數越小，放電深度越淺，循環次數越多，有時是呈指數變化，根據試驗結果放電深渡與循環次數聯系如下表：
放電深度 100% 70% 50% 20% 10%
循環(huan)次(ci)(ci)數 350次(ci)(ci) 550次(ci)(ci) 1000次(ci)(ci) 2800次(ci)(ci) 7000次(ci)(ci)