1、 鉛酸蓄電池為什么在初次使用前要使用電動車充電器進行補充充電？

答：電池從出廠(chang)到使(shi)用，一般(ban)要(yao)經過1-2個月，甚至更長(chang)的(de)時(shi)間，電(dian)(dian)池(chi)在存放期間由于電(dian)(dian)池(chi)內部(bu)的(de)自放電(dian)(dian)等自發反應，消耗了一部(bu)分電(dian)(dian)量，達(da)不(bu)到額定容(rong)量值(zhi)，所以初次使(shi)用前，最好進行補充(chong)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)，以免顧客誤認(ren)為是容(rong)量不(bu)足。

2、 電動車如果要存放較長時間應該怎樣對電動車電池進行處理？

答：首先應將電動車電池充(chong)足(zu)電存放(fang)，并且應該一個月內至少(shao)充(chong)一次電，防止(zhi)虧(kui)電，能(neng)有效防止(zhi)晶技生成(cheng)造(zao)成(cheng)不可逆(ni)鹽化和晶枝短路等。

3、 電池使用充電器進行充電(dian)前(qian)要不要先(xian)放完電(dian)？

答：電動車鉛酸蓄電池不同(tong)于(yu)(yu)其(qi)它二次電池，它無記憶效(xiao)應，所以(yi)，無論(lun)電池處于(yu)(yu)何種荷(he)電狀態，都可(ke)直(zhi)接(jie)進行充電，無須放(fang)電。

4、電池是(shi)勤充(chong)電(dian)(dian)好還是(shi)放完電(dian)(dian)再充(chong)電(dian)(dian)好？

答：由于放電越深越淺，其循環次數將大幅度增加。因此，按這一理論，勤充電對循環壽命是有益的，但就目前市場上大量流通使用的充電器來講，由于受價格因素及技術水平等影響，充電器存在故障率高，可(ke)靠性(xing)差，精度低(di)等缺(que)陷。因此，有時(shi)勤充電(dian)(dian)(dian)反而影響電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)使(shi)用壽命。將(jiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)放空再充電(dian)(dian)(dian)，充電(dian)(dian)(dian)次(ci)數雖然減少，但放電(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)由于單體電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)之(zhi)間(jian)總會存在差異可(ke)能(neng)造成某些單格過放電(dian)(dian)(dian)，過放電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)接受能(neng)力會大大降(jiang)低(di)，引起充電(dian)(dian)(dian)不(bu)足的(de)(de)故障，另外(wai)由于放完(wan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)再充電(dian)(dian)(dian)，充電(dian)(dian)(dian)器重負荷時(shi)間(jian)長，易損壞充電(dian)(dian)(dian)器。因此，綜(zong)合上述，我們(men)認為蓄 電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)放出電(dian)(dian)(dian)量的(de)(de)50-70%時(shi)進行一次(ci)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)是較合理的(de)(de)，對電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)使(shi)用有好處(chu)。

5、過(guo)充電和欠充電有什么害處？

答：過充電即蓄電池充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)流大于(yu)蓄電(dian)池可接受電(dian)流，多(duo)出部(bu)分即是過充(chong)電(dian)量，過充(chong)電(dian)主要是產生(sheng)電(dian)解水的副(fu)反(fan)應(ying)(ying)，由于(yu)電(dian)池正極(ji)(ji)產生(sheng)氧(yang)氣轉移到(dao)負極(ji)(ji)發(fa)生(sheng)氧(yang)復合反(fan)應(ying)(ying)，會(hui)發(fa)生(sheng)熱量，因此過充(chong)電(dian)量實際轉換成熱量使電(dian)池溫度升高(gao)，若不(bu)加以(yi)控制，會(hui)造(zao)成大量失水，嚴(yan)重(zhong)者造(zao)成“熱失控”容量劇(ju)減(jian)，甚至變形(xing)等故(gu)障。欠充(chong)電(dian)通俗講就(jiu)是未(wei)充(chong)飽電(dian)經(jing)常處于(yu)充(chong)電(dian)不(bu)足的情況下，極(ji)(ji)極(ji)(ji)就(jiu)會(hui)逐漸形(xing)成一(yi)種粗大堅硬(ying)的硫(liu)酸鉛，它幾乎不(bu)溶(rong)解，即產生(sheng)所謂(wei)的“不(bu)可逆硫(liu)酸鹽(yan)化”，使用普通的方法無法充(chong)進電(dian)，因此容量會(hui)一(yi)次一(yi)次地快(kuai)速衰減(jian)。

6、過放電對電池(chi)有什么(me)害處(chu)？

電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)在放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)過程中(zhong)(zhong)正極(ji)活(huo)性(xing)物質(zhi)，負極(ji)活(huo)性(xing)物質(zhi)均逐(zhu)漸轉化(hua)成(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻很(hen)大(da)(da)PBSO4，并消耗電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解液中(zhong)(zhong)的硫(liu)酸，內阻逐(zhu)漸增大(da)(da)，因(yin)(yin)此(ci)過放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時，特別是以(yi)較大(da)(da)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流過放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)會發出大(da)(da)量熱量，并且電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的硫(liu)酸量很(hen)少(shao)，過放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時硫(liu)酸濃度減得很(hen)低，PBSO4溶解度大(da)(da)幅度增加，因(yin)(yin)此(ci)容易(yi)在極(ji)板上形成(cheng)一種(zhong)粗(cu)大(da)(da)堅硬的PBSO4晶體(ti)，即“不(bu)可逆硫(liu)酸鹽化(hua)”大(da)(da)大(da)(da)地減弱電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)接(jie)受(shou)能力，危害特別大(da)(da)。

7、電動車電池使用時需要補液嗎？

答：一(yi)般情況下無(wu)需補(bu)液，由于電(dian)動助力車鉛酸密(mi)封電(dian)池屬一(yi)種閥(fa)控密(mi)封電(dian)池，正常使(shi)用(yong)(yong)過程(cheng)中發(fa)生氧復(fu)合(he)反應(ying)，使(shi)其水(shui)耗量極少，在正常壽命(ming)期(qi)間無(wu)需補(bu)加電(dian)解(jie)液或(huo)水(shui)。但由于受使(shi)用(yong)(yong)環境(jing)條件和(he)充電(dian)的影響可(ke)能(neng)會有一(yi)些電(dian)池失水(shui)量較(jiao)(jiao)大，甚至發(fa)生干涸(he)現象(xiang)，此時應(ying)對(dui)其補(bu)加電(dian)解(jie)液或(huo)純(chun)水(shui)，補(bu)加電(dian)解(jie)液密(mi)度(du)為1.05g/cm 的稀硫酸或(huo)純(chun)水(shui)，使(shi)失水(shui)較(jiao)(jiao)嚴重的電(dian)池重新恢復(fu)正常。補(bu)液后還應(ying)將(jiang)多余(yu)的游離液抽出。

8、電(dian)(dian)動車電(dian)(dian)池什(shen)么情(qing)況下需進行(xing)維護(hu)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)，其(qi)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)參數怎(zen)樣，怎(zen)樣進行(xing)維護(hu)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)？

答：電動車電池遇下列情況之一時需要進行維護充電：1、電池容量衰(shuai)減減速太(tai)快；2、出(chu)現落(luo)(luo)后(hou)(hou)(hou)電(dian)(dian)池；3、電(dian)(dian)池失(shi)液后(hou)(hou)(hou)，重(zhong)新(xin)補液；4、電(dian)(dian)池長(chang)時間放置后(hou)(hou)(hou)；5、電(dian)(dian)池出(chu)現嚴重(zhong)過放電(dian)(dian)后(hou)(hou)(hou)；6、電(dian)(dian)池長(chang)時間處(chu)于(yu)低溫環境工作等；7、充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)參數不合理(li)長(chang)期欠充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)；維(wei)護充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)的充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)參數怎(zen)樣(yang)定；一(yi)(yi)般采用恒(heng)壓限流充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)或多階段恒(heng)流充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)。充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)前中期與車配充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器參數基本一(yi)(yi)致，只是充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)后(hou)(hou)(hou)期將充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)最高(gao)電(dian)(dian)壓提高(gao)到16V/只或更高(gao)。即采用高(gao)電(dian)(dian)壓過充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)，進(jin)行深度充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)修復已落(luo)(luo)后(hou)(hou)(hou)電(dian)(dian)池。維(wei)護充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)也叫(jiao)均衡(heng)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)。

9、電(dian)池(chi)初始容(rong)量(liang)大(da)小與(yu)壽(shou)命有什么關系？

答：電池(chi)容量(liang)(liang)(liang)受(shou)活(huo)性(xing)物(wu)質(zhi)和利(li)用(yong)率影響。電動助力車蓄電池(chi)外形尺寸一(yi)定(ding)(ding)，極板的質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)已(yi)被(bei)限制到一(yi)定(ding)(ding)的程度，只有提高活(huo)性(xing)物(wu)質(zhi)的利(li)用(yong)率，才(cai)能提高容量(liang)(liang)(liang)。要提高電池(chi)容量(liang)(liang)(liang)，必然增(zeng)加(jia)孔率，提高PbO2含量(liang)(liang)(liang)、硫(liu)酸比重，但是(shi)這些(xie)措(cuo)施都會加(jia)速(su)正極板的軟化(hua)，造(zao)成電池(chi)壽命(ming)加(jia)速(su)衰減(jian)，充(chong)放電過程中(zhong)活(huo)性(xing)物(wu)質(zhi)會產生膨(peng)脹、收(shou)縮(suo) (特別是(shi)正極板)，放電深度越(yue)(yue)深，活(huo)性(xing)物(wu)質(zhi)膨(peng)脹收(shou)縮(suo)量(liang)(liang)(liang)越(yue)(yue)大，更加(jia)速(su)活(huo)性(xing)物(wu)質(zhi)軟化(hua)。因此(ci)，初始容量(liang)(liang)(liang)偏大時(shi)直接(jie)影響蓄電池(chi)充(chong)放電次(ci)數(shu)。當然要滿足(zu)使用(yong)，要求(qiu)初始容量(liang)(liang)(liang)不能太小，需(xu)要一(yi)種折中(zhong)的選擇才(cai)能滿足(zu)需(xu)要，既保(bao)(bao)證延(yan)長壽命(ming)，又確保(bao)(bao)容量(liang)(liang)(liang)滿足(zu)使用(yong)要求(qiu)。

10、電池(chi)電壓高容(rong)量就大嗎？

答：電(dian)池電(dian)壓與(yu)容(rong)(rong)量是兩個概念，電(dian)壓與(yu)電(dian)極材料(liao)和電(dian)解(jie)液濃度相關，電(dian)池的容(rong)(rong)量是活(huo)性物質經(jing)電(dian)化(hua)學反應(ying)產(chan)生電(dian)流而釋(shi)放出來的，它(ta)與(yu)各活(huo)性物質的量，反應(ying)條件及(ji)利用率(lv)，連接(jie)等有關，因此電(dian)壓高(gao)不能說容(rong)(rong)量就高(gao)，電(dian)壓低也(ye)不一定容(rong)(rong)量就低。

11、溫(wen)度對電池性(xing)能有什么影(ying)響？

答：電(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)、放電(dian)(dian)(dian)時，在電(dian)(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)上發(fa)生電(dian)(dian)(dian)化學反(fan)應，溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)越高(gao)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)池各(ge)活(huo)性物質(zhi)的(de)活(huo)度(du)(du)增(zeng)加，電(dian)(dian)(dian)解液粘度(du)(du)降低，電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻減(jian)小，因此電(dian)(dian)(dian)化學反(fan)應容(rong)(rong)易(yi)進行(xing)，反(fan)之則(ze)不(bu)容(rong)(rong)易(yi)進行(xing)。放電(dian)(dian)(dian)時溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)越低，放出容(rong)(rong)量(liang)越低，在特別低的(de)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)下，放出容(rong)(rong)量(liang)將(jiang)大幅度(du)(du)下降，溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)高(gao)則(ze)相反(fan)；充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)時溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)越低，充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)接受能(neng)力(li)越差，要(yao)求(qiu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)較(jiao)高(gao)，才能(neng)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)足電(dian)(dian)(dian)。反(fan)之溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)越高(gao)，充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)接受能(neng)力(li)越好，易(yi)造(zao)(zao)成過(guo)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，因此要(yao)求(qiu)降低充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)，才不(bu)至于(yu)造(zao)(zao)成過(guo)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)。此溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)的(de)變化，直接影響電(dian)(dian)(dian)池充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)和放電(dian)(dian)(dian)性能(neng)。

12、電動車電池(chi)循環次(ci)數是一定的(de)嗎？

答：循環次數，根據放電深度不同而差別很大，放電深度越深，循環次數越小，放電深度越淺，循環次數越多，有時是呈指數變化，根據試驗結果放電深渡與循環次數聯系如下表：
放電深度 100% 70% 50% 20% 10%
循環(huan)次(ci)(ci)(ci)數 350次(ci)(ci)(ci) 550次(ci)(ci)(ci) 1000次(ci)(ci)(ci) 2800次(ci)(ci)(ci) 7000次(ci)(ci)(ci)