鋰離子電池為便攜式醫療設備供能的優勢
消費電子(zi)產(chan)品(pin)以及許多其他行業都越來越講究產(chan)品(pin)的(de)(de)移動(dong)性(xing),醫(yi)療(liao)(liao)器(qi)械制造商也不例外,這樣(yang)的(de)(de)趨勢提(ti)高了(le)現場救助設備(bei)、監控(kong)設備(bei)和固定醫(yi)療(liao)(liao)設備(bei)的(de)(de)性(xing)能(neng),進而推(tui)動(dong)了(le)醫(yi)療(liao)(liao)保健行業的(de)(de)發展。不過除了(le)便攜(xie)性(xing)以外,醫(yi)療(liao)(liao)器(qi)械制造商當然還希(xi)望能(neng)夠制造出(chu)可靠性(xing)高的(de)(de)器(qi)械,因為人們的(de)(de)生命(ming)往往命(ming)懸(xuan)一線(xian)。手機(ji)壞了(le)固然是惱人的(de)(de)事(shi),但(dan)如果便攜(xie)式心臟監控(kong)儀或(huo)者輸液泵由于電池耗盡而停止運(yun)作,終端用(yong)戶――及病人――面臨的(de)(de)問(wen)題則嚴重得多。 一種(zhong)能(neng)量密度更高的(de)(de)技術可以釋(shi)放比(bi)其它同類產(chan)品(pin)更多的(de)(de)能(neng)量,且體積(ji)更小。
幾年前,醫療專業人員還無法將救助生命的設備帶到現場;因為那時便攜式儀器的技術尚未成熟。但如今,大量的監控儀器、超聲設備和輸液泵可在遠離醫院的場所使用――甚至戰場。便攜式設備的移動越來越方便。正是由于諸如鋰離子電池等技術的應用,重(zhong)達50磅的笨重(zhong)除顫器(qi)才可以被更(geng)輕便、更(geng)緊湊的用戶友好(hao)型裝置取代,也不會造(zao)成醫護人員肌(ji)肉(rou)的拉傷。
病(bing)(bing)人(ren)的(de)移動性也變得越來越重(zhong)要。如今(jin)的(de)病(bing)(bing)人(ren)可能(neng)會(hui)從放射科轉(zhuan)(zhuan)移到(dao)重(zhong)癥監護(hu)病(bing)(bing)房,從救(jiu)護(hu)車(che)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)移到(dao)急救(jiu)室,或用救(jiu)護(hu)車(che)從一(yi)家醫(yi)(yi)(yi)院轉(zhuan)(zhuan)移到(dao)另一(yi)家醫(yi)(yi)(yi)院。同樣地,便(bian)攜(xie)式(shi)家用儀器和移動式(shi)監控設備的(de)普及(ji),使病(bing)(bing)人(ren)可以待在喜歡(huan)的(de)地方,而并不(bu)一(yi)定要留在醫(yi)(yi)(yi)療機構中。便(bian)攜(xie)式(shi)醫(yi)(yi)(yi)療器械必須(xu)真正實現完全意義上的(de)便(bian)攜(xie),為(wei)病(bing)(bing)人(ren)提供最佳服務(wu)。
對更小型、更輕便的(de)(de)醫療器(qi)械(xie)的(de)(de)需求也因此(ci)顯著增加,這大大激(ji)發(fa)了人們對更高(gao)能(neng)量密度、更小巧(qiao)的(de)(de)電池(chi)組的(de)(de)興(xing)趣。筆(bi)記本電腦(nao)和手機使用的(de)(de)鋰(li)離子電池(chi)技術已經(jing)有(you)了許多突破,醫療設備設計工程師(shi)可以對此(ci)加以創新利用。
與其它傳統技術相(xiang)比(bi),鋰離子電池在便攜式醫療(liao)設備的(de)應用(yong)中具有(you)很多優勢。這包(bao)括能量密度(du)更高、重量更輕、循環壽命更長、電池容量保持特性更好(hao),以及適用(yong)溫(wen)度(du)范(fan)圍更廣。
由于化學性(xing)質獨特,鋰離(li)子技術對設計方(fang)面(mian)的(de)限制與先前的(de)電(dian)池技術如(ru)鎳(nie)氫(qing)化合物(NiMH)、鎳(nie)鎘(NiCd)和密封鉛酸(SLA)不同。同時,醫療設備在某些方(fang)面(mian)比消費電(dian)子產品有(you)更嚴(yan)格的(de)操作要求;由于可靠(kao)性(xing)非常重要,因(yin)此需要有(you)功能(neng)強大的(de)電(dian)池組,帶有(you)精確電(dian)量監測且(qie)可靠(kao)的(de)電(dian)池。
本文結合醫(yi)療器械(xie)的(de)要求及鋰離子(zi)技(ji)術的(de)特性(xing),概述了便攜式電(dian)源系統設計的(de)注意事項。并比較了鋰離子(zi)電(dian)池和其它(ta)化(hua)學電(dian)池的(de)特性(xing)和容量。
能量密度(du)和電(dian)壓
鋰離子電池技術的主要優勢在于其能量密度的顯著提高。相同體積和重量時,鋰離子電池可儲(chu)存和(he)(he)釋放的(de)能量(liang)比(bi)其它充電(dian)電(dian)池更高。能量(liang)密(mi)度以體積(ji)和(he)(he)質量(liang)兩種方式測量(liang)。鋰(li)離子技術現可以提供近(jin)500Wh/L的(de)體積(ji)能量(liang)密(mi)度和(he)(he)200Wh/kg的(de)質量(liang)能量(liang)密(mi)度(見圖1)。
圖1.鋰離子的能量密度(du)遠高于鎳化合物。
與其它(ta)技(ji)術相比(bi),鋰離(li)子(zi)可(ke)以釋放更(geng)(geng)(geng)多(duo)的(de)能量(liang),而且體(ti)積更(geng)(geng)(geng)小(xiao),質量(liang)更(geng)(geng)(geng)輕。鋰離(li)子(zi)電池(chi)的(de)工作電壓(ya)比(bi)其它(ta)充電電池(chi)更(geng)(geng)(geng)高,通常約為(wei)3.7V,而NiCd或NiMH電池(chi)為(wei)1.2V。這(zhe)意(yi)味著需(xu)要(yao)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用多(duo)節其它(ta)電池(chi)時,僅需(xu)一節鋰離(li)子(zi)電池(chi)即可(ke)滿足使(shi)(shi)(shi)用要(yao)求(qiu)。便攜式儀器設計中使(shi)(shi)(shi)用的(de)電池(chi)能量(liang)密(mi)度(du)越高,其產品的(de)體(ti)積越小(xiao),便攜性也越好。
電池組體(ti)積的縮小(xiao)表示(shi)工程師(shi)可以利用(yong)多余空間(jian),在同一產(chan)品(pin)中增添(tian)更多新功能(見圖2)。
圖2.鋰離子(zi)電(dian)池有圓柱(zhu)形(xing)和棱柱(zhu)形(xing)兩種形(xing)狀,可制(zhi)成不同(tong)尺(chi)寸和容(rong)量的電(dian)池。
自放(fang)電
充電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)池的(de)容量會(hui)不斷損失(shi)。該現(xian)象(xiang)即稱為(wei)自放(fang)電(dian)(dian)。但若儲存(cun)得當,其(qi)損失(shi)的(de)大部分容量仍(reng)可恢復(fu)。
所(suo)有電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)均應在(zai)室溫(25°C或更低)下(xia)儲(chu)(chu)(chu)存,以保(bao)持(chi)最(zui)大的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)容量(liang)(liang)(liang)。終端(duan)用戶須將SLA電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)放在(zai)低溫下(xia)儲(chu)(chu)(chu)存,并(bing)盡可能每次充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)接近其容量(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)100%,以保(bao)持(chi)最(zui)佳性能。密封鉛電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)在(zai)25°C下(xia)放置(zhi)6個(ge)(ge)月后(hou)自(zi)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容量(liang)(liang)(liang)約(yue)為20%;但40°C放置(zhi)6個(ge)(ge)月后(hou)該值則增加到約(yue)30%。NiMH電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)也應遵循類(lei)似的(de)建議,避免長(chang)期儲(chu)(chu)(chu)存使反(fan)應物失活。NiCd和NiMH電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)在(zai)25°C下(xia)放置(zhi)1個(ge)(ge)月,其自(zi)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)率約(yue)為20%,隨(sui)后(hou)自(zi)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)率的(de)增速顯著減慢(man)。相反(fan),當(dang)鋰離(li)子電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)儲(chu)(chu)(chu)存時的(de)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)為30-50%時,可獲得最(zui)佳循環(huan)壽命。鋰離(li)子電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)25°C儲(chu)(chu)(chu)存6個(ge)(ge)月后(hou)的(de)自(zi)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容量(liang)(liang)(liang)僅為10%。
倍率特性
選擇(ze)材料(liao)時(shi),應考(kao)慮(lv)到其終(zhong)(zhong)端裝置的(de)涌(yong)流和最大放(fang)電(dian)率(lv)。電(dian)池(chi)或電(dian)池(chi)組以高倍率(lv)放(fang)電(dian)會造成(cheng)電(dian)壓下降。如果設計(ji)時(shi)沒有(you)考(kao)慮(lv)到這(zhe)方面,終(zhong)(zhong)端裝置可能會由于電(dian)壓不足而關(guan)閉。
高倍率(lv)(lv)(lv)的(de)NiCd電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)連續放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)率(lv)(lv)(lv)可(ke)(ke)達(da)2C(電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)額定容量(liang)的(de)兩倍)甚(shen)至更(geng)高,具體(ti)取決于(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)原(yuan)料及(ji)內部阻抗。許多SLA電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)連續放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)率(lv)(lv)(lv)可(ke)(ke)達(da)3C甚(shen)至更(geng)高。大部分(fen)的(de)鋰(li)離子電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)連續放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)率(lv)(lv)(lv)僅為1C,但采用(yong)該技術的(de)新電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi),其(qi)連續放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)率(lv)(lv)(lv)極高,達(da)到80A,可(ke)(ke)持續30秒(miao),在與NiCd和SLA電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)競爭中(zhong)具有很大的(de)優勢。
循(xun)環壽命(ming)
電池(chi)(chi)的循(xun)(xun)環壽命(ming)是(shi)電池(chi)(chi)容(rong)量(liang)(liang)下(xia)(xia)降(jiang)到其原始容(rong)量(liang)(liang)的某(mou)一規定百(bai)分(fen)比之(zhi)前,電池(chi)(chi)所經歷的充放(fang)電循(xun)(xun)環次(ci)數。鉛酸電池(chi)(chi)的循(xun)(xun)環壽命(ming)約(yue)為250至500次(ci),具體取決于制造(zao)商(shang)的產品質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)和(he)放(fang)電深度(放(fang)電容(rong)量(liang)(liang)最多(duo)至額定容(rong)量(liang)(liang)的60%)。NiCd、NiMH和(he)鋰離子電池(chi)(chi)通常可(ke)耐受500-700次(ci)充放(fang)電循(xun)(xun)環,其容(rong)量(liang)(liang)僅下(xia)(xia)降(jiang)為額定容(rong)量(liang)(liang)的80%。不管(guan)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)何種化學物質(zhi),電池(chi)(chi)放(fang)電深度越深,用(yong)戶可(ke)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)的循(xun)(xun)環次(ci)數就越少。
充電差異
鋰(li)離子電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)方(fang)式不同于(yu)其它(ta)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)。SLA電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)最好采(cai)(cai)用(yong)恒(heng)壓充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),速(su)率(lv)通(tong)常為(wei)(wei)額定容量的(de)1/10(C/10),充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時間為(wei)(wei)14-16小時,或(huo)涓(juan)流充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)或(huo)浮充(chong)(chong)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)速(su)率(lv)為(wei)(wei)C/20至C/30。NiCd電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)終止(zhi)推薦采(cai)(cai)用(yong)-△V的(de)方(fang)式,此時充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓到(dao)達峰值。NiMH電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)由于(yu)其發熱的(de)特點,充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)過程(cheng)中(zhong)要(yao)求采(cai)(cai)用(yong)溫度檢測,ΔT/Δt為(wei)(wei)其首選方(fang)式。特制的(de)快充(chong)(chong)式NiCd和NiMH電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)可在C/2-C/3的(de)速(su)率(lv)下(xia)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)4-6小時。極低(di)阻尼(ni)鎳電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)作為(wei)(wei)快充(chong)(chong)式電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)一種,可在1C速(su)率(lv)下(xia)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)1小時。最后,鋰(li)離子電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)建議采(cai)(cai)用(yong)恒(heng)流/恒(heng)壓充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(CC/CV)。
通常,鋰離(li)子(zi)電(dian)池供電(dian)的(de)器械(xie)以1C的(de)速率充電(dian)60-75分鐘(zhong)至4.1V后(hou),即可從原(yuan)來的(de)低能狀態達到電(dian)量80-90%的(de)狀態。其它電(dian)池,除(chu)可采用高電(dian)流充電(dian)的(de)特(te)制電(dian)池外,同樣(yang)充電(dian)至80-90%時可能需要(yao)更多的(de)時間。
鋰離子(zi)電(dian)池還(huan)需慢充(chong)(chong)4-5小時至4.2V,獲得(de)剩余的(de)(de)(de)10-20%的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)量。這種充(chong)(chong)電(dian)方式有兩個(ge)好處。用戶可以在極短的(de)(de)(de)時間(jian)內獲得(de)接近滿充(chong)(chong)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)量,且充(chong)(chong)電(dian)完成后的(de)(de)(de)實際(ji)電(dian)壓絕不(bu)會超過4.2V。
須注(zhu)意(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi):如果僅(jin)將(jiang)(jiang)鋰(li)離(li)子電(dian)池(chi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)至(zhi)4.1V而非4.2V,可延長其循環(huan)壽命(ming);但(dan)其每次可用的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)量(liang)將(jiang)(jiang)會(hui)下降。在某些醫療器(qi)械中電(dian)池(chi)是(shi)一種后備裝(zhuang)置,它始終保(bao)持充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)狀態,以(yi)保(bao)證隨(sui)(sui)時可用。鋰(li)離(li)子的(de)(de)(de)(de)化(hua)學性(xing)質(zhi)決定(ding)其不適(shi)合采用涓流充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian);鋰(li)離(li)子電(dian)池(chi)不能(neng)(neng)采用恒(heng)定(ding)浮充(chong)(chong)(chong)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)。但(dan)有幾種方(fang)法可以(yi)在不損害電(dian)池(chi)或影響醫療器(qi)械的(de)(de)(de)(de)基礎(chu)上,有效降低鋰(li)離(li)子電(dian)池(chi)過度(du)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)可能(neng)(neng)性(xing)。方(fang)法之(zhi)一是(shi)在觸發電(dian)池(chi)再次充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)前確(que)保(bao)電(dian)池(chi)放電(dian)量(liang)至(zhi)少為20%,隨(sui)(sui)后進行標準充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)。鋰(li)離(li)子技術與SLA相比顯(xian)著提高了(le)能(neng)(neng)量(liang)密度(du),在大多數情(qing)況下足以(yi)防止鋰(li)離(li)子電(dian)池(chi)電(dian)量(liang)完全(quan)充(chong)(chong)(chong)滿。
安全(quan)電路
每(mei)種電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)技術(shu)均(jun)有(you)(you)其一整(zheng)套安全(quan)考慮。NiCd電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)組(zu)帶有(you)(you)某(mou)種電(dian)(dian)(dian)流分斷設(she)(she)備以防止(zhi)發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)嚴重(zhong)故障,這是優秀的電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)設(she)(she)計必不可少的。NiMH具有(you)(you)發(fa)(fa)熱(re)的化學性質,因此(ci)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)中需配有(you)(you)熱(re)量感(gan)應設(she)(she)備,與充電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)相聯(lian)系,防止(zhi)過度充電(dian)(dian)(dian),電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)組(zu)本(ben)身還帶有(you)(you)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流分斷設(she)(she)備。在鋰(li)離子電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)組(zu)中,一旦發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)過電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓,即(ji)有(you)(you)鋰(li)金屬產生(sheng)。這說明電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)中應使用安全(quan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路,使充放電(dian)(dian)(dian)過程中電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓保持在特定的范圍內(見圖3)。
圖3.鋰(li)離子(zi)電池組設計(ji)中(zhong)需要(yao)采用電子(zi)安全(quan)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)。電池組內(nei)還包含電量監測裝(zhuang)置(zhi)和充電電路。
雖然SLA電(dian)(dian)池(chi)一般不需要外部(bu)安全元件,但許多醫(yi)療設備制造商(shang)仍(reng)堅持將(jiang)不可(ke)復位保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)絲置(zhi)于電(dian)(dian)池(chi)內部(bu)或周(zhou)圍。由于大部(bu)分SLA電(dian)(dian)池(chi)都(dou)帶有(you)(you)突(tu)出(chu)的(de)正(zheng)負極板(ban),如(ru)(ru)果沒有(you)(you)保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)絲,當其(qi)置(zhi)于金(jin)屬(shu)板(ban)上時(shi),就(jiu)很容易發(fa)(fa)生短路(lu)(lu),而金(jin)屬(shu)板(ban)大量存(cun)在于醫(yi)療保(bao)(bao)(bao)健設備中。這(zhe)些電(dian)(dian)池(chi)還可(ke)能出(chu)現(xian)其(qi)它短路(lu)(lu)的(de)危險(xian)。如(ru)(ru)果發(fa)(fa)生短路(lu)(lu),裝置(zhi)即(ji)有(you)(you)爆炸的(de)可(ke)能。鋰離子電(dian)(dian)池(chi)組短路(lu)(lu)的(de)危險(xian)較小,安全電(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)主要用于保(bao)(bao)(bao)護電(dian)(dian)池(chi)。
在電(dian)池中加(jia)入安全電(dian)路增加(jia)了器械的(de)(de)(de)成本,耗費(fei)了更(geng)多的(de)(de)(de)空間(jian)。設計者必須認識到(dao)這些都是電(dian)池的(de)(de)(de)選擇過程中會考慮到(dao)的(de)(de)(de)權衡因素。總(zong)的(de)(de)(de)來(lai)說,盡(jin)管(guan)有安全電(dian)路的(de)(de)(de)存在,鋰離子電(dian)池仍可以縮(suo)小(xiao)電(dian)池組體積,減輕其重量,并能(neng)釋放(fang)更(geng)多的(de)(de)(de)能(neng)量。
電量監測(ce)
來越多的醫療器械制(zhi)造(zao)商開(kai)始采用(yong)(yong)鋰離子(zi)技術(shu),電(dian)池管(guan)理(li)特(te)性在行(xing)業中也越來越常見。電(dian)量監測設備可以(yi)為終端用(yong)(yong)戶提供一些信息,如電(dian)池預計使用(yong)(yong)時間等。管(guan)理(li)特(te)性的引入,很大(da)程度上明(ming)確了電(dian)池電(dian)量評估及充電(dian)方(fang)案(an)的執(zhi)行(xing)。
就電(dian)(dian)池管理而(er)言,使用(yong)鋰離子(zi)電(dian)(dian)池的設計者有(you)(you)多種選擇方案(an)。例(li)如,一些鋰離子(zi)電(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)量監測(ce)設備(bei)中含(han)有(you)(you)信(xin)息特征,可以報告(gao)已經過的充放電(dian)(dian)循(xun)環(huan)次數。此類信(xin)息在一些重要的醫療設備(bei)中具有(you)(you)重要作用(yong)。電(dian)(dian)量監測(ce)基(ji)本(ben)方法(fa)有(you)(you)兩種:基(ji)于電(dian)(dian)壓和庫侖計數。將兩種技術(shu)相(xiang)結(jie)合的解決(jue)方案(an),其準確性高達99%。
耐高溫(wen)性
鋰(li)離子電池(chi)在(zai)40°-45°C的(de)(de)高溫條件下,性能(neng)優于其(qi)(qi)它電池(chi)。SLA和NiMH電池(chi)在(zai)高熱量環(huan)境下無法正常工(gong)作。這成為其(qi)(qi)在(zai)急救工(gong)具中使(shi)(shi)用的(de)(de)一個限制因素,因為此時,使(shi)(shi)用者(zhe)無法將他們(men)的(de)(de)便攜式器械保存在(zai)低(di)溫環(huan)境下。
在為便攜式器械(xie)選擇最佳電源方(fang)案(an)時(shi),必須對其總成本(ben)和整體性能進行(xing)評(ping)估。
鋰離子技(ji)術的(de)(de)高電(dian)(dian)壓特(te)性(xing)可以減少電(dian)(dian)池使(shi)用量,由此(ci)降低(di)了電(dian)(dian)池組的(de)(de)成本(ben),使(shi)之與(yu)使(shi)用鎳技(ji)術的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)池大致相當。此(ci)外,鋰離子電(dian)(dian)池供應商不斷使(shi)用新材料,以降低(di)電(dian)(dian)池成本(ben)。
鋰離子電池體積小、重(zhong)量輕(qing)、能量高(gao)(gao)、循環壽命長、耐久性好(hao)、電(dian)壓高(gao)(gao)及耐熱(re)性好(hao)的(de)特(te)點使(shi)其具有潛在的(de)優勢。醫療(liao)電(dian)子產(chan)品(pin)制(zhi)造商可以利用這些特(te)性,拓寬產(chan)品(pin)市場,并最終給消(xiao)費者(zhe)、醫療(liao)專(zhuan)業人(ren)員和病人(ren)帶來治(zhi)療(liao)等方面的(de)好(hao)處。