消費(fei)電子產(chan)(chan)品(pin)以(yi)及(ji)許多其他行(xing)業都越來越講究產(chan)(chan)品(pin)的移動性，醫(yi)(yi)療(liao)器(qi)械(xie)制(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)商也(ye)不例外，這樣的趨勢(shi)提高(gao)了現場救助設(she)(she)備(bei)、監(jian)控設(she)(she)備(bei)和固定醫(yi)(yi)療(liao)設(she)(she)備(bei)的性能，進而推動了醫(yi)(yi)療(liao)保健行(xing)業的發展。不過除(chu)了便(bian)(bian)攜性以(yi)外，醫(yi)(yi)療(liao)器(qi)械(xie)制(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)商當然(ran)還(huan)希(xi)望(wang)能夠制(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)出可靠性高(gao)的器(qi)械(xie)，因為(wei)人們的生命往(wang)往(wang)命懸一線。手機壞了固然(ran)是惱人的事，但(dan)如果(guo)便(bian)(bian)攜式心臟監(jian)控儀(yi)或者(zhe)輸(shu)液泵由于電池耗(hao)盡而停(ting)止運作，終端(duan)用戶――及(ji)病人――面臨的問題則嚴重得多。 一種能量密度(du)更高(gao)的技術可以(yi)釋(shi)放(fang)比其它同類產(chan)(chan)品(pin)更多的能量，且(qie)體(ti)積更小(xiao)。

    幾年前，醫療專業人員還無法將救助生命的設備帶到現場；因為那時便攜式儀器的技術尚未成熟。但如今，大量的監控儀器、超聲設備和輸液泵可在遠離醫院的場所使用――甚至戰場。便攜式設備的移動越來越方便。正是由于諸如鋰離子電池等技術的(de)應用，重達50磅的(de)笨(ben)重除顫器才可以(yi)被更輕便、更緊湊的(de)用戶友好型裝置(zhi)取(qu)代，也不會造成醫護人員(yuan)肌肉(rou)的(de)拉(la)傷。

    病人(ren)的(de)移動性也變得(de)越(yue)來越(yue)重要(yao)。如(ru)今(jin)的(de)病人(ren)可能會(hui)從放射科轉移到重癥監護病房，從救(jiu)護車轉移到急救(jiu)室，或用救(jiu)護車從一家醫院轉移到另(ling)一家醫院。同樣地(di)，便(bian)攜(xie)式(shi)家用儀(yi)器和(he)移動式(shi)監控設備的(de)普及，使病人(ren)可以待在(zai)喜歡的(de)地(di)方，而并(bing)不(bu)一定要(yao)留(liu)在(zai)醫療機構中。便(bian)攜(xie)式(shi)醫療器械必須真正實現(xian)完(wan)全意義上的(de)便(bian)攜(xie)，為病人(ren)提(ti)供(gong)最佳服務。

    對更小型、更輕便的(de)(de)(de)醫(yi)療(liao)器(qi)械的(de)(de)(de)需求也(ye)因此顯著增(zeng)加(jia)，這大大激發了(le)人(ren)們對更高(gao)能量密度、更小巧的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)池組的(de)(de)(de)興趣。筆(bi)記本(ben)電(dian)腦和手機使用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)鋰離子電(dian)池技術已經有了(le)許多突破(po)，醫(yi)療(liao)設備設計工程師可以(yi)對此加(jia)以(yi)創新利用(yong)。

    與其它傳統技術相比，鋰(li)離(li)子電池在便攜(xie)式醫療(liao)設備的應用(yong)中(zhong)具有很多(duo)優勢(shi)。這(zhe)包括能量密度更高、重(zhong)量更輕、循環壽命(ming)更長、電池容(rong)量保持特性更好，以及(ji)適(shi)用(yong)溫度范圍更廣。

    由于(yu)化學性質(zhi)獨特，鋰(li)離子技(ji)術對設計方面(mian)(mian)的(de)限制與(yu)先(xian)前的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)技(ji)術如(ru)鎳氫化合物(NiMH)、鎳鎘(ge)(NiCd)和密封鉛酸(SLA)不(bu)同。同時，醫療設備在某些方面(mian)(mian)比消費(fei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子產品(pin)有(you)更(geng)嚴格的(de)操作(zuo)要(yao)求；由于(yu)可靠性非(fei)常(chang)重要(yao)，因(yin)此需要(yao)有(you)功能(neng)強大的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)組，帶有(you)精確電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)監(jian)測且(qie)可靠的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)。

    本文結合醫療器械的(de)(de)要(yao)求(qiu)及鋰離(li)子技術(shu)的(de)(de)特性(xing)，概述了(le)便攜(xie)式(shi)電源系(xi)統設(she)計的(de)(de)注意(yi)事項。并比較了(le)鋰離(li)子電池(chi)和其(qi)它化(hua)學(xue)電池(chi)的(de)(de)特性(xing)和容(rong)量。

    能量(liang)密(mi)度和(he)電(dian)壓

    鋰離子電池技術的主要優勢在于其能量密度的顯著提高。相同體積和重量時，鋰離子電池可儲存和釋(shi)放的能(neng)量(liang)(liang)比其它充電電池更高(gao)。能(neng)量(liang)(liang)密度以體(ti)積和質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)兩種方式測量(liang)(liang)。鋰離子技術現可以提供近500Wh/L的體(ti)積能(neng)量(liang)(liang)密度和200Wh/kg的質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)能(neng)量(liang)(liang)密度(見圖1)。

    圖1.鋰(li)離(li)子的能(neng)量密度遠高(gao)于鎳化(hua)合物。

    與其它(ta)技術(shu)相比，鋰離子(zi)可以釋放更(geng)多的(de)能(neng)量(liang)，而且(qie)體積更(geng)小，質量(liang)更(geng)輕(qing)。鋰離子(zi)電池(chi)的(de)工作電壓(ya)比其它(ta)充電電池(chi)更(geng)高(gao)(gao)，通常約為(wei)3.7V，而NiCd或NiMH電池(chi)為(wei)1.2V。這意味著需要使(shi)用多節(jie)其它(ta)電池(chi)時，僅需一(yi)節(jie)鋰離子(zi)電池(chi)即可滿足使(shi)用要求。便攜(xie)式儀(yi)器設(she)計中使(shi)用的(de)電池(chi)能(neng)量(liang)密度越高(gao)(gao)，其產品的(de)體積越小，便攜(xie)性也越好。

    電(dian)池組體積的縮(suo)小表示工程師可以利用多(duo)(duo)余空間(jian)，在同一產(chan)品中(zhong)增添(tian)更多(duo)(duo)新功能(見(jian)圖2)。

    圖(tu)2.鋰離子電(dian)池(chi)有(you)圓柱(zhu)形和棱柱(zhu)形兩(liang)種(zhong)形狀，可制成不同(tong)尺(chi)寸和容量的電(dian)池(chi)。

    自放(fang)電

    充電電池(chi)的容量會(hui)不斷損失(shi)。該(gai)現象即稱為自放電。但若(ruo)儲存得當，其損失(shi)的大部分容量仍可恢(hui)復。

    所有電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)均應在(zai)室溫（25°C或更低）下(xia)儲存(cun)(cun)，以保持最(zui)(zui)大的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)容量(liang)(liang)。終端用戶須(xu)將SLA電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)放(fang)(fang)在(zai)低溫下(xia)儲存(cun)(cun)，并盡(jin)可(ke)能每次(ci)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)接近其(qi)容量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)100%，以保持最(zui)(zui)佳性能。密(mi)封鉛電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)在(zai)25°C下(xia)放(fang)(fang)置(zhi)6個月(yue)后自(zi)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容量(liang)(liang)約(yue)為(wei)20%；但40°C放(fang)(fang)置(zhi)6個月(yue)后該值則(ze)增(zeng)加到約(yue)30%。NiMH電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)也應遵循(xun)類(lei)似(si)的(de)(de)建議，避免長期儲存(cun)(cun)使(shi)反應物失活(huo)。NiCd和NiMH電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)在(zai)25°C下(xia)放(fang)(fang)置(zhi)1個月(yue)，其(qi)自(zi)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)率約(yue)為(wei)20%，隨后自(zi)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)率的(de)(de)增(zeng)速顯(xian)著減慢(man)。相反，當鋰(li)離(li)子電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)儲存(cun)(cun)時的(de)(de)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)為(wei)30-50%時，可(ke)獲得最(zui)(zui)佳循(xun)環壽(shou)命。鋰(li)離(li)子電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)25°C儲存(cun)(cun)6個月(yue)后的(de)(de)自(zi)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容量(liang)(liang)僅為(wei)10%。

    倍率特性

    選擇材料時，應(ying)考慮(lv)到(dao)其(qi)終端裝置的涌(yong)流和最大放電率(lv)。電池或電池組以高倍率(lv)放電會(hui)造成電壓(ya)下降。如果(guo)設計(ji)時沒有考慮(lv)到(dao)這方面(mian)，終端裝置可能會(hui)由(you)于(yu)電壓(ya)不足而關(guan)閉。

    高倍率的(de)(de)NiCd電(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)連(lian)續(xu)放電(dian)率可達(da)2C（電(dian)池(chi)額定容量的(de)(de)兩倍）甚至更高，具體取決于電(dian)池(chi)原料及內部阻抗。許多(duo)SLA電(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)連(lian)續(xu)放電(dian)率可達(da)3C甚至更高。大(da)部分(fen)的(de)(de)鋰離(li)子電(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)連(lian)續(xu)放電(dian)率僅(jin)為1C，但采用該技術的(de)(de)新電(dian)池(chi)，其連(lian)續(xu)放電(dian)率極高，達(da)到80A，可持續(xu)30秒，在與NiCd和SLA電(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)競爭中具有很大(da)的(de)(de)優(you)勢。

    循環壽命

    電(dian)(dian)池的(de)循(xun)環(huan)(huan)(huan)壽命是電(dian)(dian)池容量下(xia)降到其原始容量的(de)某(mou)一規(gui)定百分比之前，電(dian)(dian)池所經歷的(de)充放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)循(xun)環(huan)(huan)(huan)次數(shu)。鉛酸電(dian)(dian)池的(de)循(xun)環(huan)(huan)(huan)壽命約為250至500次，具體取決于制造商的(de)產品質(zhi)量和放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)深度（放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)容量最多至額(e)(e)定容量的(de)60%）。NiCd、NiMH和鋰離子(zi)電(dian)(dian)池通常可耐受(shou)500-700次充放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)循(xun)環(huan)(huan)(huan)，其容量僅(jin)下(xia)降為額(e)(e)定容量的(de)80%。不管使用(yong)(yong)何種化學物質(zhi)，電(dian)(dian)池放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)深度越深，用(yong)(yong)戶可使用(yong)(yong)的(de)循(xun)環(huan)(huan)(huan)次數(shu)就越少。

    充電(dian)差異(yi)

    鋰(li)離(li)子(zi)(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)方(fang)式(shi)不同于其它電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)。SLA電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)最(zui)好采用恒(heng)(heng)壓(ya)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，速率通常為額定容(rong)量的(de)(de)1/10(C/10)，充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時間(jian)為14-16小(xiao)時，或(huo)(huo)涓流(liu)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)或(huo)(huo)浮充(chong)(chong)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)速率為C/20至C/30。NiCd電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)終止推薦采用-△V的(de)(de)方(fang)式(shi)，此(ci)時充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)到達峰(feng)值。NiMH電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)由于其發熱(re)的(de)(de)特(te)點，充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)過程中要求(qiu)采用溫度檢測，ΔT/Δt為其首(shou)選方(fang)式(shi)。特(te)制的(de)(de)快充(chong)(chong)式(shi)NiCd和NiMH電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)可在C/2-C/3的(de)(de)速率下充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)4-6小(xiao)時。極低阻尼鎳電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)作為快充(chong)(chong)式(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)一種(zhong)，可在1C速率下充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)1小(xiao)時。最(zui)后，鋰(li)離(li)子(zi)(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)建(jian)議采用恒(heng)(heng)流(liu)/恒(heng)(heng)壓(ya)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(CC/CV)。

    通常，鋰離子電(dian)(dian)池供(gong)電(dian)(dian)的(de)器械(xie)以1C的(de)速率充(chong)電(dian)(dian)60-75分鐘至(zhi)4.1V后，即可(ke)從原來的(de)低(di)能狀態(tai)達到電(dian)(dian)量80-90%的(de)狀態(tai)。其它電(dian)(dian)池，除(chu)可(ke)采用高電(dian)(dian)流充(chong)電(dian)(dian)的(de)特制電(dian)(dian)池外，同樣(yang)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)至(zhi)80-90%時可(ke)能需要更(geng)多(duo)的(de)時間(jian)。

   鋰離子電(dian)池(chi)還需慢充(chong)4-5小時至(zhi)4.2V，獲得剩余的10-20%的電(dian)量。這種充(chong)電(dian)方(fang)式(shi)有兩(liang)個好處。用戶(hu)可以在(zai)極短的時間內獲得接近滿充(chong)的電(dian)量，且充(chong)電(dian)完成(cheng)后的實(shi)際(ji)電(dian)壓(ya)絕不會超過4.2V。

    須注(zhu)意的是：如(ru)果僅將鋰(li)(li)離(li)子電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)充(chong)(chong)至4.1V而非(fei)4.2V，可延長(chang)其循環壽命；但(dan)其每次可用的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量將會下降。在(zai)某些醫療器械中電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)是一種后(hou)備裝置(zhi)，它始終保持充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的狀態，以(yi)(yi)保證(zheng)隨(sui)時可用。鋰(li)(li)離(li)子的化學性質(zhi)決定其不(bu)適(shi)合采(cai)用涓流充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)；鋰(li)(li)離(li)子電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)不(bu)能采(cai)用恒定浮充(chong)(chong)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。但(dan)有幾種方(fang)法可以(yi)(yi)在(zai)不(bu)損(sun)害電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)或影響醫療器械的基礎上，有效降低鋰(li)(li)離(li)子電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)過度充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的可能性。方(fang)法之一是在(zai)觸發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)再次充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)前確保電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量至少為20%，隨(sui)后(hou)進行(xing)標準充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。鋰(li)(li)離(li)子技術與(yu)SLA相比(bi)顯著(zhu)提(ti)高了能量密度，在(zai)大多數情(qing)況下足以(yi)(yi)防止鋰(li)(li)離(li)子電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量完全充(chong)(chong)滿。

    安(an)全電路

    每種電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)技術均有(you)其一整套安全(quan)考慮。NiCd電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)組(zu)帶(dai)有(you)某種電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流分斷設備以(yi)防(fang)止發生(sheng)嚴重故障(zhang)，這是優秀的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)設計(ji)必不可少(shao)的。NiMH具有(you)發熱(re)的化學性質(zhi)，因(yin)此(ci)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)中(zhong)需配有(you)熱(re)量感(gan)應設備，與充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器相聯系，防(fang)止過度(du)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)組(zu)本身還(huan)帶(dai)有(you)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流分斷設備。在(zai)鋰離(li)子電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)組(zu)中(zhong)，一旦(dan)發生(sheng)過電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓，即有(you)鋰金屬產生(sheng)。這說明電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)中(zhong)應使用安全(quan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路，使充放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)過程(cheng)中(zhong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓保持在(zai)特定(ding)的范(fan)圍內(見圖(tu)3)。

    圖3.鋰離(li)子電(dian)池組設計(ji)中需要(yao)采用(yong)電(dian)子安全裝置(zhi)。電(dian)池組內還包含電(dian)量(liang)監測裝置(zhi)和充電(dian)電(dian)路。

    雖然SLA電(dian)池(chi)(chi)一(yi)般(ban)不需要(yao)外部(bu)安全元件(jian)，但許多醫療(liao)設備制(zhi)造(zao)商仍堅持將不可(ke)(ke)復(fu)位保險(xian)絲置(zhi)于電(dian)池(chi)(chi)內部(bu)或周圍。由于大(da)部(bu)分SLA電(dian)池(chi)(chi)都帶有突(tu)出的(de)正負極板(ban)，如果(guo)沒有保險(xian)絲，當(dang)其置(zhi)于金(jin)(jin)屬板(ban)上(shang)時，就很(hen)容易發(fa)生短路，而金(jin)(jin)屬板(ban)大(da)量存在于醫療(liao)保健設備中。這些電(dian)池(chi)(chi)還可(ke)(ke)能出現(xian)其它短路的(de)危險(xian)。如果(guo)發(fa)生短路，裝置(zhi)即有爆炸(zha)的(de)可(ke)(ke)能。鋰離子電(dian)池(chi)(chi)組(zu)短路的(de)危險(xian)較小，安全電(dian)路主要(yao)用于保護電(dian)池(chi)(chi)。

    在(zai)電池(chi)中加入安全(quan)電路(lu)增加了(le)器械的(de)成本(ben)，耗費了(le)更(geng)(geng)多的(de)空間。設計(ji)者必(bi)須認識到(dao)這些都是電池(chi)的(de)選(xuan)擇過程(cheng)中會考慮到(dao)的(de)權衡因素。總(zong)的(de)來(lai)說，盡管有安全(quan)電路(lu)的(de)存在(zai)，鋰離子電池(chi)仍可以縮(suo)小電池(chi)組(zu)體(ti)積(ji)，減輕(qing)其重量(liang)，并能釋放更(geng)(geng)多的(de)能量(liang)。

    電量(liang)監測(ce)

    來越(yue)多的(de)醫(yi)療器械制造商開始采用鋰離子技術，電(dian)池管理(li)(li)特性在行(xing)業(ye)中也越(yue)來越(yue)常見。電(dian)量監(jian)測設備可(ke)以為終端用戶提供一些信息(xi)，如電(dian)池預計使(shi)用時間等。管理(li)(li)特性的(de)引入，很大程度上明確了(le)電(dian)池電(dian)量評(ping)估(gu)及充電(dian)方案的(de)執行(xing)。

    就電(dian)(dian)池管理而言，使用鋰離子電(dian)(dian)池的(de)設(she)(she)計(ji)者有(you)多種(zhong)選擇方(fang)案(an)。例如，一些(xie)鋰離子電(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)量(liang)監測(ce)設(she)(she)備中含有(you)信(xin)息特征(zheng)，可以報告已(yi)經過的(de)充放電(dian)(dian)循環次數(shu)。此類(lei)信(xin)息在一些(xie)重要(yao)的(de)醫療設(she)(she)備中具有(you)重要(yao)作用。電(dian)(dian)量(liang)監測(ce)基本(ben)方(fang)法有(you)兩種(zhong)：基于電(dian)(dian)壓和庫侖計(ji)數(shu)。將兩種(zhong)技術(shu)相結合的(de)解決方(fang)案(an)，其準確性高達99%。

    耐高溫(wen)性(xing)

    鋰離子電池在40°-45°C的(de)(de)高(gao)溫條件下，性能優于其它電池。SLA和NiMH電池在高(gao)熱量環(huan)境下無法正常工(gong)作。這成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)其在急救工(gong)具(ju)中使用(yong)的(de)(de)一個限(xian)制因素，因為(wei)(wei)此時，使用(yong)者(zhe)無法將他(ta)們的(de)(de)便攜式(shi)器械保存在低(di)溫環(huan)境下。

    在為(wei)便攜式器械選(xuan)擇最佳電源方案時(shi)，必須對其總(zong)成本(ben)和整(zheng)體性能進(jin)行(xing)評估。

    鋰(li)離子技術的(de)高電(dian)(dian)壓特性可以減少電(dian)(dian)池使(shi)(shi)(shi)用量，由此(ci)降低(di)了電(dian)(dian)池組的(de)成本(ben)，使(shi)(shi)(shi)之與使(shi)(shi)(shi)用鎳技術的(de)電(dian)(dian)池大致相當。此(ci)外(wai)，鋰(li)離子電(dian)(dian)池供應商不斷使(shi)(shi)(shi)用新材料，以降低(di)電(dian)(dian)池成本(ben)。

    鋰離子電池體積(ji)小、重量輕、能量高、循(xun)環(huan)壽命長、耐久(jiu)性好、電壓高及(ji)耐熱性好的特(te)點使其具有潛在的優勢(shi)。醫療電子產(chan)品制造商可(ke)以(yi)利用這些特(te)性，拓寬產(chan)品市(shi)場，并最終給消費者(zhe)、醫療專業(ye)人員和病人帶來(lai)治療等方(fang)面的好處。