傳統太陽能電有待改進低碳經濟之戰，已在全球打響，能源高效利用、清潔能源開發是發展低碳經濟的宗旨，利用發展太陽能產業來降低碳排放是低碳領域中的一大話題，從而促進發展可再生能源。我國已成為全球最大的光伏電池生產(chan)國。目前，以光電(dian)效應工作(zuo)的薄膜式的太(tai)陽能電(dian)池按結晶(jing)狀態可(ke)(ke)分為(wei)結晶(jing)系薄膜式和(he)非結晶(jing)系薄膜式兩大類，而前者又分為(wei)單結晶(jing)形和(he)多(duo)結晶(jing)形。按材料可(ke)(ke)分為(wei)硅(gui)薄膜形、化合物半導(dao)體薄膜形和(he)有機(ji)膜形。

　　太(tai)(tai)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)按照材(cai)料的(de)(de)不同可分為(wei)：硅(gui)太(tai)(tai)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)、多元(yuan)化合物(wu)薄(bo)(bo)(bo)膜太(tai)(tai)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)、聚合物(wu)多層(ceng)修飾電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極型太(tai)(tai)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)、納米晶太(tai)(tai)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)、有機太(tai)(tai)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)。其中硅(gui)太(tai)(tai)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)是目(mu)(mu)前發展最(zui)成熟的(de)(de)，在(zai)(zai)應(ying)(ying)用(yong)中居主導(dao)地位。目(mu)(mu)前，單(dan)(dan)晶硅(gui)太(tai)(tai)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)轉(zhuan)換效率最(zui)高，技術也(ye)最(zui)為(wei)成熟，但成本價格高，多晶硅(gui)薄(bo)(bo)(bo)膜太(tai)(tai)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)與(yu)單(dan)(dan)晶硅(gui)比較，成本低廉，而(er)效率高于非(fei)晶硅(gui)薄(bo)(bo)(bo)膜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)。非(fei)晶硅(gui)薄(bo)(bo)(bo)膜太(tai)(tai)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)成本低重量輕，轉(zhuan)換效率較高，便于大規模生(sheng)產，但受制于其材(cai)料引發的(de)(de)光電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)效率衰退(tui)效應(ying)(ying)，穩定(ding)性不高，直(zhi)接影(ying)響了它的(de)(de)實際應(ying)(ying)用(yong)。可以看(kan)(kan)出每種太(tai)(tai)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)都有著不同的(de)(de)利與(yu)弊(bi)。如(ru)此看(kan)(kan)來(lai)，這也(ye)是制約光伏產業(ye)發展的(de)(de)瓶(ping)頸所在(zai)(zai)。

　　太陽能電池的應用一直因為其高昂的成本而受阻，去尋找一種電池能有效降低成本，使用的材料更少，也擁有很高的效率。我們需要尋找一個低成本而效率高的新型太陽能電池來代替傳統的太陽能電池。多種技術推動“微型閃光”問世美國桑迪亞國家實驗室的科學家們宣布，他們發明了一種新型太陽能電池――“微型閃光”的太陽能電池。這種太陽能(neng)電池采用(yong)(yong)晶(jing)體硅(gui)制(zhi)成(cheng)，在制(zhi)造中加入(ru)了當(dang)今電子器件廠廣(guang)泛(fan)使用(yong)(yong)的微機電系統（MEMS）。