傳統太陽能電有待改進低碳經濟之戰，已在全球打響，能源高效利用、清潔能源開發是發展低碳經濟的宗旨，利用發展太陽能產業來降低碳排放是低碳領域中的一大話題，從而促進發展可再生能源。我國已成為全球最大的光伏電池生產(chan)國。目前，以光(guang)電效應工作的薄(bo)(bo)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)式(shi)(shi)的太(tai)陽能電池按結(jie)(jie)晶(jing)(jing)狀態可分(fen)為(wei)結(jie)(jie)晶(jing)(jing)系薄(bo)(bo)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)式(shi)(shi)和非結(jie)(jie)晶(jing)(jing)系薄(bo)(bo)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)式(shi)(shi)兩大類，而(er)前者(zhe)又(you)分(fen)為(wei)單結(jie)(jie)晶(jing)(jing)形和多結(jie)(jie)晶(jing)(jing)形。按材料可分(fen)為(wei)硅薄(bo)(bo)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)形、化合物半導體薄(bo)(bo)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)形和有機膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)形。

　　太(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)按照(zhao)材料的(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)同可分為：硅太(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)、多元(yuan)化合(he)物薄膜太(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)、聚合(he)物多層修飾(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極型太(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)、納米晶(jing)太(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)、有機太(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)。其(qi)中硅太(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)是(shi)目(mu)前(qian)發展最成熟(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)，在應(ying)用中居主導地位。目(mu)前(qian)，單晶(jing)硅太(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)轉換效(xiao)率(lv)(lv)(lv)最高，技術也最為成熟(shu)(shu)，但成本(ben)價格(ge)高，多晶(jing)硅薄膜太(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)與(yu)單晶(jing)硅比(bi)較(jiao)，成本(ben)低(di)廉，而(er)效(xiao)率(lv)(lv)(lv)高于(yu)非(fei)晶(jing)硅薄膜電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)。非(fei)晶(jing)硅薄膜太(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)成本(ben)低(di)重量輕，轉換效(xiao)率(lv)(lv)(lv)較(jiao)高，便(bian)于(yu)大規(gui)模生產，但受制(zhi)于(yu)其(qi)材料引發的(de)(de)光(guang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)效(xiao)率(lv)(lv)(lv)衰(shuai)退(tui)效(xiao)應(ying)，穩定性不(bu)(bu)高，直接(jie)影響了(le)它的(de)(de)實(shi)際(ji)應(ying)用。可以看出(chu)每(mei)種太(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)都(dou)有著(zhu)不(bu)(bu)同的(de)(de)利與(yu)弊。如此看來，這也是(shi)制(zhi)約光(guang)伏產業發展的(de)(de)瓶頸所在。

　　太陽能電池的應用一直因為其高昂的成本而受阻，去尋找一種電池能有效降低成本，使用的材料更少，也擁有很高的效率。我們需要尋找一個低成本而效率高的新型太陽能電池來代替傳統的太陽能電池。多種技術推動“微型閃光”問世美國桑迪亞國家實驗室的科學家們宣布，他們發明了一種新型太陽能電池――“微型閃光”的太陽能電池。這(zhe)種太陽(yang)能電(dian)池(chi)采(cai)用(yong)晶體硅制成，在制造中加入了當今(jin)電(dian)子器件(jian)廠廣泛使用(yong)的微機電(dian)系統（MEMS）。