傳統太陽能電有待改進低碳經濟之戰，已在全球打響，能源高效利用、清潔能源開發是發展低碳經濟的宗旨，利用發展太陽能產業來降低碳排放是低碳領域中的一大話題，從而促進發展可再生能源。我國已成為全球最大的光伏電池生(sheng)產國。目(mu)前，以光電效應工作的薄(bo)膜(mo)(mo)式(shi)的太陽能電池按結(jie)晶狀態可分(fen)為結(jie)晶系薄(bo)膜(mo)(mo)式(shi)和(he)非結(jie)晶系薄(bo)膜(mo)(mo)式(shi)兩(liang)大類，而前者又分(fen)為單(dan)結(jie)晶形(xing)和(he)多結(jie)晶形(xing)。按材料可分(fen)為硅薄(bo)膜(mo)(mo)形(xing)、化合物半導(dao)體薄(bo)膜(mo)(mo)形(xing)和(he)有機膜(mo)(mo)形(xing)。

　　太(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)陽(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)按照材(cai)料的(de)(de)不(bu)同可分為(wei)：硅(gui)太(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)陽(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)、多(duo)元化合物薄(bo)膜太(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)陽(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)、聚合物多(duo)層修(xiu)飾電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極型太(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)陽(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)、納米晶(jing)太(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)陽(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)、有機(ji)太(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)陽(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)。其(qi)中硅(gui)太(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)陽(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)是(shi)目前(qian)發展(zhan)最成(cheng)熟的(de)(de)，在應用中居主導地位。目前(qian)，單(dan)晶(jing)硅(gui)太(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)陽(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)轉(zhuan)換(huan)效率(lv)最高，技(ji)術也最為(wei)成(cheng)熟，但(dan)成(cheng)本價格高，多(duo)晶(jing)硅(gui)薄(bo)膜太(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)陽(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)與(yu)單(dan)晶(jing)硅(gui)比較，成(cheng)本低(di)廉，而效率(lv)高于(yu)非晶(jing)硅(gui)薄(bo)膜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)。非晶(jing)硅(gui)薄(bo)膜太(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)陽(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)成(cheng)本低(di)重量輕，轉(zhuan)換(huan)效率(lv)較高，便于(yu)大規(gui)模生產，但(dan)受制于(yu)其(qi)材(cai)料引(yin)發的(de)(de)光(guang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)效率(lv)衰(shuai)退效應，穩(wen)定性不(bu)高，直接影響了它的(de)(de)實際應用。可以看出每種太(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)陽(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)都有著不(bu)同的(de)(de)利與(yu)弊。如此看來，這(zhe)也是(shi)制約光(guang)伏產業發展(zhan)的(de)(de)瓶頸所在。

　　太陽能電池的應用一直因為其高昂的成本而受阻，去尋找一種電池能有效降低成本，使用的材料更少，也擁有很高的效率。我們需要尋找一個低成本而效率高的新型太陽能電池來代替傳統的太陽能電池。多種技術推動“微型閃光”問世美國桑迪亞國家實驗室的科學家們宣布，他們發明了一種新型太陽能電池――“微型閃光”的太陽能電池。這種(zhong)太陽能電池(chi)采用(yong)晶(jing)體硅制成，在制造(zao)中加入(ru)了當今電子器件(jian)廠廣泛使用(yong)的微機電系統(tong)（MEMS）。