廠家拼價格

　　專家介紹，電動車廠家生產的電動車電池一般由專業電池生產廠提供。不同品牌、不同廠家生產的電動車電池質量有優劣之別，價格當然也有高低之分。為了分食電動車市場這塊大“蛋糕”，一些廠家惡意競爭，在產品銷售上玩起了價格戰，而在生產環節中卻偷工減料，他們大多采用低價購進的劣質電動車電池。對此，專家提醒消費者，在購買電動自(zi)行車(che)時，不能片(pian)面追求(qiu)價格低，而要選(xuan)擇一(yi)些質量高、市場(chang)信譽度(du)好的品牌。

　　商家賺黑錢

　　按照相關規定，電池作為電動車的主要部件，有相應的“三包”期。但從市場調查情況來看，有的電動車銷售人員既沒有電池維修的專業知識(shi)，也(ye)沒(mei)有(you)相關的專業檢(jian)測設備，對(dui)在“三包”期內出現故(gu)障的電(dian)池(chi)通(tong)常只(zhi)加些(xie)(xie)電(dian)解液就算維護(hu)過了。等電(dian)池(chi)的“三包”期一(yi)過，就要消(xiao)費者(zhe)掏腰包買新電(dian)池(chi)更(geng)(geng)換了。有(you)的商家(jia)對(dui)電(dian)池(chi)質量問(wen)題干脆不認賬，以(yi)消(xiao)費者(zhe)人為損壞為由，把(ba)責任向消(xiao)費者(zhe)身上一(yi)推了之。更(geng)(geng)有(you)甚者(zhe)，有(you)些(xie)(xie)商家(jia)表面上給消(xiao)費者(zhe)更(geng)(geng)換新電(dian)池(chi)，卻將半舊的電(dian)池(chi)從外觀上進行(xing)技(ji)術處理，糊弄消(xiao)費者(zhe)。暗地里，他們(men)以(yi)消(xiao)費者(zhe)更(geng)(geng)換新電(dian)池(chi)的名(ming)義向廠家(jia)索要新電(dian)池(chi)，坐享其利(li)，消(xiao)費者(zhe)因(yin)此做了“冤大頭”。

　　專家提醒首先(xian)，消費者(zhe)購買電(dian)(dian)動(dong)自行車要(yao)選擇(ze)有固定(ding)(ding)維(wei)修點的(de)商家或品牌，對(dui)電(dian)(dian)動(dong)車售后(hou)服務問題要(yao)與經營者(zhe)事(shi)先(xian)約定(ding)(ding)。其次(ci)，電(dian)(dian)池“三包”是經營者(zhe)的(de)一種法定(ding)(ding)義務，電(dian)(dian)池在“三包”期(qi)內出(chu)現質量問題，要(yao)抓緊時間(jian)與商家協(xie)商解決或到相關(guan)部(bu)門投訴(su)。再次(ci)，接受維(wei)修、更(geng)換等處(chu)理(li)時，一定(ding)(ding)要(yao)相關(guan)人(ren)員在保修單(dan)上如(ru)實填(tian)寫(xie)，對(dui)更(geng)換的(de)電(dian)(dian)池要(yao)進行認真查驗(yan)。

　　維護知識少

　　據了解(jie)，一些消費者在使用(yong)電(dian)池時存在方法不(bu)當(dang)問(wen)題。一是(shi)長時間(jian)充電(dian)，認為充得時間(jian)越(yue)長電(dian)量越(yue)足。二是(shi)長時間(jian)虧電(dian)，電(dian)壓接近(jin)“紅(hong)線”車(che)子跑不(bu)動了才去充電(dian)。三是(shi)在溫度過高或過低的情況下充電(dian)。四是(shi)不(bu)注意(yi)電(dian)池的定期(qi)檢(jian)查、維護和保養。五是(shi)未(wei)按說明書要求進行正確操作(zuo)。

　　專家提醒消費者，電池壽命長短除了與電池自身質量優劣有關外，還與消費者是否正確使用有關。長時間充電、長時間虧電及烈日下暴曬都會縮短電池使用壽命。如果電池溫度過低，電池就有可能存在充電接受能力差、充電不足問題。此外，在充電時，一定要檢查充電插座是否松動，線路之間是否碰線，所使用的充電器、電(dian)線直徑(jing)、電(dian)壓等是否符(fu)合電(dian)動車使用說明書所(suo)規定的要求。

　　廢電池隨意處理

　　電動車所用電池通常為鉛酸電池。據專業人士介紹，鉛酸電池主(zhu)要(yao)由鉛(qian)、硫酸以及部(bu)分金屬及塑(su)料組成。廢(fei)(fei)(fei)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)酸液(ye)里含有大量的鉛(qian)，隨(sui)意排放(fang)不但嚴重污染土壤和水源，還會引發人體代謝(xie)、生殖及神經等方面的疾病(bing)。相關部(bu)門明確要(yao)求，電(dian)動車(che)銷(xiao)售(shou)行業必須(xu)做(zuo)好(hao)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)舊電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的回收(shou)處理工作。而在現實當(dang)中，有的銷(xiao)售(shou)商把廢(fei)(fei)(fei)舊電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)回收(shou)的規定當(dang)成耳邊風，導(dao)致部(bu)分廢(fei)(fei)(fei)舊電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)被“破爛(lan)王(wang)”收(shou)去。他們將(jiang)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)舊電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)內(nei)的鉛(qian)酸溶液(ye)隨(sui)地(di)傾倒，然后將(jiang)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)內(nei)的鉛(qian)等取出，賣給(gei)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)品收(shou)購站。

　　專(zhuan)家提醒(xing)消費者(zhe)(zhe)，目前全(quan)國每年產(chan)生的電動車廢(fei)(fei)舊電池是一個不小(xiao)的數(shu)目。保護環境(jing)，人人有(you)責(ze)。一方面，經營者(zhe)(zhe)要嚴格遵守(shou)行業規定，做好(hao)廢(fei)(fei)舊電池的回收；另一方面，消費者(zhe)(zhe)切不可貪圖蠅頭(tou)小(xiao)利，將廢(fei)(fei)舊電池賣給(gei)小(xiao)商小(xiao)販。

　　網商兵(bing)團：電動車蓄電池損壞原因大(da)揭秘(mi)

　　蓄電池壞損原(yuan)因很復雜，大(da)致分為以(yi)下幾(ji)種：

　　“過充”導致蓄電(dian)池壞損

　　“過充”首先是充電器的原因。目前的電動車充電器都有安全充電電壓設置，充電電壓一般設定在電瓶標準電壓的1.2倍以內，如48V的蓄電池，充電電壓設定在57.2V以內。蓄電池在放電過程中，電壓會逐步下降，當再次給電瓶充電時，充電器的紅燈會亮起，表示充電進行時，當電能不斷的輸入電瓶后，電壓會不斷升高，直至接近或等于充電電壓時充電器綠燈會(hui)(hui)亮起，此時，充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)停止或涓流充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)。如果充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)元件失靈，充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)就(jiu)不會(hui)(hui)停止，充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流會(hui)(hui)不間斷地(di)輸入(ru)電(dian)(dian)瓶，電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)就(jiu)會(hui)(hui)不斷升高，電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)升高的結果就(jiu)會(hui)(hui)加劇電(dian)(dian)解液的熱反應(ying)，輕則蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)外殼會(hui)(hui)變形(膨脹)，重(zhong)則致使(shi)蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)被充(chong)(chong)爆(bao)。

　　“虧(kui)電”導致電瓶壞損(sun)

　　“虧(kui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)”是(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)不(bu)(bu)(bu)足(zu)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)偏低時強(qiang)行過(guo)量(liang)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)產生的(de)(de)一(yi)種(zhong)破壞蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)極板(ban)涂層(ceng)的(de)(de)現象。很(hen)多用(yong)(yong)戶(hu)在使用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動車(che)時往往是(shi)幾(ji)天(tian)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)一(yi)次，有(you)的(de)(de)每天(tian)行程超過(guo)新(xin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶(ping)標稱里(li)程的(de)(de)60%以上(shang)，要知道電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)容(rong)量(liang)下降(jiang)會導致蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)不(bu)(bu)(bu)足(zu)(欠壓(ya))，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)不(bu)(bu)(bu)足(zu)就不(bu)(bu)(bu)能有(you)效的(de)(de)滿足(zu)車(che)載電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器基本的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)供給，當電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)下降(jiang)時，用(yong)(yong)戶(hu)還在使用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動車(che)，而蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)又(you)不(bu)(bu)(bu)能提(ti)供正常(chang)(chang)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)，因此(ci)就會因車(che)載電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器的(de)(de)負載使電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶(ping)欠壓(ya)出現“虧(kui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)”，經常(chang)(chang)性的(de)(de)“虧(kui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)”就會使蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)極板(ban)鉛(qian)層(ceng)逐(zhu)步剝離(li)，直至(zhi)極板(ban)壞損(sun)。

　　啟動、加速、過載產生的大電流放(fang)電使電瓶壞損

　　電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)車啟(qi)動(dong)、加速的(de)(de)(de)瞬間(jian)(jian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)很大(da)(da)(da)，一(yi)般(ban)會達到20A―50A，根(gen)據電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)車電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機功率的(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)(da)小，正(zheng)常的(de)(de)(de)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)一(yi)般(ban)控(kong)制在(zai)10A以(yi)內(nei)為好。由于(yu)瞬間(jian)(jian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)太大(da)(da)(da)，使電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解反應急劇增加，極(ji)板(ban)涂(tu)層必然會受到一(yi)定(ding)程度的(de)(de)(de)影響，久(jiu)而(er)久(jiu)之極(ji)板(ban)鉛層粉末就(jiu)(jiu)會因瞬間(jian)(jian)大(da)(da)(da)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)拉扯逐步脫(tuo)落，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解液就(jiu)(jiu)會發黑(鉛粉所致)，蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池就(jiu)(jiu)會報(bao)廢(fei)。過載會使蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)負(fu)荷加大(da)(da)(da)，長時(shi)間(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)(da)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，會直(zhi)接影響極(ji)板(ban)涂(tu)層，加快極(ji)板(ban)軟化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)過程。還有就(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)路況不好也(ye)(ye)會使電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)車頻繁的(de)(de)(de)剎車和啟(qi)動(dong)。這(zhe)都(dou)是(shi)(shi)造成大(da)(da)(da)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)因素。另(ling)外(wai)值(zhi)得提出(chu)的(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)車電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機功率越大(da)(da)(da)，其(qi)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)(de)使用壽命越短(duan)，這(zhe)是(shi)(shi)因為電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機功率越大(da)(da)(da)，放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)也(ye)(ye)就(jiu)(jiu)越大(da)(da)(da)，對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶的(de)(de)(de)損傷(shang)也(ye)(ye)就(jiu)(jiu)越大(da)(da)(da)。

　　“失水”使電瓶(ping)壞損(sun)

　　“失水(shui)”是蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)容量減少的基本原因之一。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動車(che)采用(yong)的絕大部(bu)分是免(mian)維(wei)(wei)護鉛酸蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)，很多用(yong)戶會(hui)說，這種電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)是密(mi)(mi)封(feng)的，又(you)是免(mian)維(wei)(wei)護，為什么(me)還存在“失水(shui)”現象？其道理很簡單，水(shui)是參加蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解反應的重要成(cheng)分，一旦蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)出現過充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、大電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、內阻增大、短路等時，容易產(chan)生熱度(du)(du)并形成(cheng)水(shui)蒸汽(qi)，水(shui)蒸汽(qi)在密(mi)(mi)封(feng)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)盒內會(hui)大部(bu)分被(bei)留住(zhu)，但也有(you)極(ji)少部(bu)分會(hui)流失(因電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)殼材(cai)質(zhi)的密(mi)(mi)度(du)(du)所決定)，久(jiu)而久(jiu)之，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶(ping)就會(hui)出現“失水(shui)”狀態(tai)。一般(ban)來說，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動車(che)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)使(shi)用(yong)6個(ge)月以上都會(hui)存在“失水(shui)”狀態(tai)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機功率越大，“失水(shui)”狀態(tai)越嚴重。