廠家拼價格

　　專家介紹，電動車廠家生產的電動車電池一般由專業電池生產廠提供。不同品牌、不同廠家生產的電動車電池質量有優劣之別，價格當然也有高低之分。為了分食電動車市場這塊大“蛋糕”，一些廠家惡意競爭，在產品銷售上玩起了價格戰，而在生產環節中卻偷工減料，他們大多采用低價購進的劣質電動車電池。對此，專家提(ti)醒消費者，在(zai)購(gou)買電動自行車時，不能片(pian)面追求(qiu)價格低(di)，而要選擇一些(xie)質量高(gao)、市場信譽度(du)好的品牌。

　　商家賺黑錢

　　按照相關規定，電池作為電動車的主要部件，有相應的“三包”期。但從市場調查情況來看，有的電動車銷售人員既沒有電池維(wei)修的專業(ye)知識，也沒有相(xiang)關的專業(ye)檢測(ce)設備，對在“三包”期(qi)(qi)內出(chu)現(xian)故障的電(dian)池(chi)通(tong)常只加(jia)些(xie)電(dian)解液就(jiu)算維(wei)護過了(le)。等電(dian)池(chi)的“三包”期(qi)(qi)一過，就(jiu)要消費(fei)者(zhe)掏(tao)腰包買新電(dian)池(chi)更(geng)(geng)換(huan)了(le)。有的商(shang)家對電(dian)池(chi)質量問題干(gan)脆不認賬，以(yi)消費(fei)者(zhe)人(ren)為(wei)損壞為(wei)由，把責任向消費(fei)者(zhe)身(shen)上一推了(le)之。更(geng)(geng)有甚者(zhe)，有些(xie)商(shang)家表面上給消費(fei)者(zhe)更(geng)(geng)換(huan)新電(dian)池(chi)，卻(que)將半舊的電(dian)池(chi)從外觀(guan)上進(jin)行技術處理，糊弄消費(fei)者(zhe)。暗(an)地(di)里，他們(men)以(yi)消費(fei)者(zhe)更(geng)(geng)換(huan)新電(dian)池(chi)的名義向廠家索(suo)要新電(dian)池(chi)，坐享其利，消費(fei)者(zhe)因(yin)此做了(le)“冤大頭”。

　　專家提(ti)醒首先，消(xiao)費者(zhe)購買電動自(zi)行車要選擇有固定維修點(dian)的(de)(de)商家或(huo)品(pin)牌，對(dui)電動車售后(hou)服務(wu)問題(ti)要與經營(ying)者(zhe)事先約定。其次(ci)，電池“三包”是經營(ying)者(zhe)的(de)(de)一種(zhong)法定義(yi)務(wu)，電池在(zai)“三包”期內出現質量問題(ti)，要抓(zhua)緊(jin)時間與商家協(xie)商解決或(huo)到相(xiang)(xiang)關部門投訴(su)。再次(ci)，接受維修、更換等處理時，一定要相(xiang)(xiang)關人員在(zai)保(bao)修單(dan)上如(ru)實填(tian)寫，對(dui)更換的(de)(de)電池要進行認真查(cha)驗。

　　維護知識少

　　據了(le)解，一些消(xiao)費者在(zai)(zai)使用電(dian)池時(shi)(shi)存在(zai)(zai)方法不(bu)當(dang)問題(ti)。一是(shi)長時(shi)(shi)間充(chong)電(dian)，認為(wei)充(chong)得時(shi)(shi)間越長電(dian)量越足。二是(shi)長時(shi)(shi)間虧電(dian)，電(dian)壓接(jie)近“紅線(xian)”車子跑(pao)不(bu)動了(le)才去充(chong)電(dian)。三是(shi)在(zai)(zai)溫(wen)度過(guo)(guo)高或過(guo)(guo)低的情況下(xia)充(chong)電(dian)。四(si)是(shi)不(bu)注(zhu)意(yi)電(dian)池的定期檢查(cha)、維護和保養。五是(shi)未(wei)按說明書要(yao)求進行正(zheng)確操作(zuo)。

　　專家提醒消費者，電池壽命長短除了與電池自身質量優劣有關外，還與消費者是否正確使用有關。長時間充電、長時間虧電及烈日下暴曬都會縮短電池使用壽命。如果電池溫度過低，電池就有可能存在充電接受能力差、充電不足問題。此外，在充電時，一定要檢查充電插座是否松動，線路之間是否碰線，所使用的充電器、電(dian)線(xian)直徑、電(dian)壓等是否符合電(dian)動車使用說明書(shu)所(suo)規定的要求。

　　廢電池隨意處理

　　電動車所用電池通常為鉛酸電池。據專業人士介紹，鉛酸電池主(zhu)要由鉛、硫酸(suan)(suan)以及部(bu)分金屬及塑料組成。廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)酸(suan)(suan)液(ye)里含有大量的(de)鉛，隨(sui)意(yi)排放(fang)不(bu)但(dan)嚴重(zhong)污染土壤和水源，還會引發(fa)人體(ti)代謝、生(sheng)殖及神經(jing)等(deng)方面(mian)的(de)疾病。相關部(bu)門明確要求，電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)車(che)銷售行業必須做好廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)舊(jiu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)回(hui)收(shou)處(chu)理工作。而在(zai)現實當中，有的(de)銷售商把廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)舊(jiu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)回(hui)收(shou)的(de)規定當成耳(er)邊風(feng)，導致部(bu)分廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)舊(jiu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)被“破爛(lan)王”收(shou)去(qu)。他們將廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)舊(jiu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)內的(de)鉛酸(suan)(suan)溶液(ye)隨(sui)地傾(qing)倒，然后(hou)將電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)內的(de)鉛等(deng)取出(chu)，賣給(gei)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)品收(shou)購站。

　　專家提醒消費者(zhe)，目前(qian)全國每年產(chan)生(sheng)的電(dian)動車廢(fei)舊電(dian)池(chi)是(shi)一(yi)個不(bu)小的數目。保(bao)護環(huan)境，人(ren)人(ren)有責(ze)。一(yi)方面，經營(ying)者(zhe)要(yao)嚴格遵守行業規定(ding)，做好廢(fei)舊電(dian)池(chi)的回收；另一(yi)方面，消費者(zhe)切不(bu)可貪圖蠅(ying)頭小利，將廢(fei)舊電(dian)池(chi)賣給小商小販。

　　網商兵團：電動(dong)車蓄電池損壞原因大揭(jie)秘

　　蓄電池(chi)壞損原因很(hen)復雜，大(da)致分為(wei)以下幾種：

　　“過充”導致蓄電池壞損

　　“過充”首先是充電器的原因。目前的電動車充電器都有安全充電電壓設置，充電電壓一般設定在電瓶標準電壓的1.2倍以內，如48V的蓄電池，充電電壓設定在57.2V以內。蓄電池在放電過程中，電壓會逐步下降，當再次給電瓶充電時，充電器的紅燈會亮起，表示充電進行時，當電能不斷的輸入電瓶后，電壓會不斷升高，直至接近或等于充電電壓時充電器綠燈會(hui)(hui)亮(liang)起，此時，充(chong)(chong)電(dian)停止(zhi)或涓(juan)流充(chong)(chong)電(dian)。如果(guo)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)器電(dian)壓(ya)元(yuan)件(jian)失靈，充(chong)(chong)電(dian)就(jiu)(jiu)不(bu)會(hui)(hui)停止(zhi)，充(chong)(chong)電(dian)電(dian)流會(hui)(hui)不(bu)間斷(duan)地輸入電(dian)瓶，電(dian)壓(ya)就(jiu)(jiu)會(hui)(hui)不(bu)斷(duan)升(sheng)高，電(dian)壓(ya)升(sheng)高的(de)結果(guo)就(jiu)(jiu)會(hui)(hui)加劇電(dian)解(jie)液的(de)熱反應，輕則蓄電(dian)池(chi)外殼會(hui)(hui)變(bian)形(膨(peng)脹)，重則致使蓄電(dian)池(chi)被充(chong)(chong)爆(bao)。

　　“虧電(dian)”導致電(dian)瓶(ping)壞損

　　“虧電(dian)”是(shi)電(dian)池電(dian)量不(bu)足、電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)偏低時(shi)強行(xing)過量放電(dian)產生的(de)一(yi)種破壞蓄(xu)電(dian)池極板涂層的(de)現象。很多用戶(hu)在(zai)使(shi)用電(dian)動(dong)車時(shi)往(wang)往(wang)是(shi)幾天充電(dian)一(yi)次，有的(de)每天行(xing)程(cheng)超過新(xin)電(dian)瓶(ping)(ping)標稱里程(cheng)的(de)60%以(yi)上(shang)，要知道(dao)電(dian)池容量下降(jiang)會(hui)導致蓄(xu)電(dian)池電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)不(bu)足(欠壓(ya)(ya))，電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)不(bu)足就不(bu)能有效的(de)滿(man)足車載(zai)電(dian)器基本的(de)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)供給，當(dang)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)下降(jiang)時(shi)，用戶(hu)還在(zai)使(shi)用電(dian)動(dong)車，而蓄(xu)電(dian)池又不(bu)能提供正常的(de)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)，因此就會(hui)因車載(zai)電(dian)器的(de)負(fu)載(zai)使(shi)電(dian)瓶(ping)(ping)欠壓(ya)(ya)出現“虧電(dian)”，經常性的(de)“虧電(dian)”就會(hui)使(shi)蓄(xu)電(dian)池極板鉛層逐步剝離，直至極板壞損。

　　啟動、加速(su)、過載產生(sheng)的大電(dian)流放(fang)電(dian)使電(dian)瓶壞損(sun)

　　電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)車(che)啟(qi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)、加(jia)速的(de)瞬間(jian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)很(hen)大(da)，一般會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)達到20A―50A，根據電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)車(che)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機功率(lv)的(de)大(da)小，正(zheng)常的(de)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)一般控(kong)制在10A以內為(wei)(wei)好。由(you)于瞬間(jian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)太大(da)，使(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)反應急劇(ju)增加(jia)，極(ji)(ji)(ji)板(ban)涂層必然(ran)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)受到一定程度的(de)影響，久而久之極(ji)(ji)(ji)板(ban)鉛層粉(fen)末就會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)因瞬間(jian)大(da)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)拉(la)扯逐步脫落，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)液就會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)發黑(鉛粉(fen)所致(zhi))，蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池就會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)報(bao)廢(fei)。過載會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)使(shi)(shi)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)負(fu)荷加(jia)大(da)，長時間(jian)的(de)大(da)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)直接影響極(ji)(ji)(ji)板(ban)涂層，加(jia)快極(ji)(ji)(ji)板(ban)軟化的(de)過程。還(huan)有就是(shi)路(lu)況不好也(ye)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)使(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)車(che)頻繁的(de)剎(cha)車(che)和啟(qi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)。這都是(shi)造成(cheng)大(da)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)因素(su)。另外值得提出的(de)是(shi)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)車(che)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機功率(lv)越(yue)(yue)(yue)大(da)，其蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)使(shi)(shi)用壽命越(yue)(yue)(yue)短，這是(shi)因為(wei)(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機功率(lv)越(yue)(yue)(yue)大(da)，放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)也(ye)就越(yue)(yue)(yue)大(da)，對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶的(de)損傷(shang)也(ye)就越(yue)(yue)(yue)大(da)。

　　“失水(shui)”使(shi)電瓶壞損

　　“失(shi)水(shui)(shui)”是(shi)蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)容量減少的基本(ben)原因之一。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動車(che)采用(yong)的絕大部(bu)分是(shi)免(mian)維護鉛酸蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)，很(hen)多用(yong)戶會(hui)說，這種電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)是(shi)密(mi)封的，又是(shi)免(mian)維護，為什么還存在(zai)“失(shi)水(shui)(shui)”現象？其道理很(hen)簡單，水(shui)(shui)是(shi)參加(jia)蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解反應的重(zhong)(zhong)要成分，一旦蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)出現過充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、大電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、內(nei)阻(zu)增大、短路(lu)等時，容易(yi)產(chan)生熱度并形成水(shui)(shui)蒸汽(qi)，水(shui)(shui)蒸汽(qi)在(zai)密(mi)封的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)盒內(nei)會(hui)大部(bu)分被留住，但也有(you)極少部(bu)分會(hui)流失(shi)(因電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)殼(ke)材(cai)質的密(mi)度所決定)，久(jiu)而久(jiu)之，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶就會(hui)出現“失(shi)水(shui)(shui)”狀態(tai)。一般來說，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動車(che)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)使用(yong)6個月以上都會(hui)存在(zai)“失(shi)水(shui)(shui)”狀態(tai)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機功率(lv)越大，“失(shi)水(shui)(shui)”狀態(tai)越嚴(yan)重(zhong)(zhong)。