廠家拼價格

　　專家介紹，電動車廠家生產的電動車電池一般由專業電池生產廠提供。不同品牌、不同廠家生產的電動車電池質量有優劣之別，價格當然也有高低之分。為了分食電動車市場這塊大“蛋糕”，一些廠家惡意競爭，在產品銷售上玩起了價格戰，而在生產環節中卻偷工減料，他們大多采用低價購進的劣質電動車電池。對此，專家提(ti)醒消(xiao)費者，在(zai)購買(mai)電動自(zi)行車時，不能片面追(zhui)求價格低(di)，而(er)要(yao)選擇一些質量高、市(shi)場信譽度好的品牌。

　　商家賺黑錢

　　按照相關規定，電池作為電動車的主要部件，有相應的“三包”期。但從市場調查情況來看，有的電動車銷售人員既沒有電池維修的(de)(de)專業(ye)知(zhi)識，也(ye)沒有(you)(you)相關的(de)(de)專業(ye)檢測設備，對(dui)在“三包(bao)”期內出現(xian)故(gu)障(zhang)的(de)(de)電(dian)池(chi)通常只(zhi)加些電(dian)解(jie)液就算維護(hu)過(guo)了。等電(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)“三包(bao)”期一過(guo)，就要消(xiao)費(fei)(fei)(fei)者掏腰包(bao)買新電(dian)池(chi)更換(huan)了。有(you)(you)的(de)(de)商家(jia)對(dui)電(dian)池(chi)質(zhi)量問(wen)題干脆不認賬，以消(xiao)費(fei)(fei)(fei)者人為損(sun)壞為由，把責任向消(xiao)費(fei)(fei)(fei)者身上一推了之。更有(you)(you)甚者，有(you)(you)些商家(jia)表面(mian)上給消(xiao)費(fei)(fei)(fei)者更換(huan)新電(dian)池(chi)，卻將(jiang)半舊的(de)(de)電(dian)池(chi)從外(wai)觀上進行技術處理(li)，糊(hu)弄(nong)消(xiao)費(fei)(fei)(fei)者。暗地里，他們以消(xiao)費(fei)(fei)(fei)者更換(huan)新電(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)名義向廠(chang)家(jia)索要新電(dian)池(chi)，坐享其利，消(xiao)費(fei)(fei)(fei)者因此(ci)做了“冤(yuan)大(da)頭”。

　　專家提醒首先，消(xiao)費(fei)者(zhe)購買電(dian)動自行車要(yao)選擇有固定(ding)(ding)維修點的商(shang)家或品牌(pai)，對電(dian)動車售后(hou)服(fu)務問(wen)題(ti)要(yao)與經營者(zhe)事先約定(ding)(ding)。其(qi)次(ci)，電(dian)池“三包(bao)”是經營者(zhe)的一種法(fa)定(ding)(ding)義務，電(dian)池在(zai)“三包(bao)”期(qi)內出現(xian)質量問(wen)題(ti)，要(yao)抓緊(jin)時(shi)間與商(shang)家協商(shang)解決或到相(xiang)關部門投訴。再(zai)次(ci)，接(jie)受維修、更換等(deng)處理時(shi)，一定(ding)(ding)要(yao)相(xiang)關人員在(zai)保修單上如實填寫，對更換的電(dian)池要(yao)進行認(ren)真查驗。

　　維護知識少

　　據(ju)了(le)解，一些(xie)消費者在(zai)使用(yong)電(dian)池時(shi)存在(zai)方法不當問(wen)題。一是(shi)長時(shi)間充(chong)(chong)電(dian)，認為(wei)充(chong)(chong)得時(shi)間越(yue)長電(dian)量越(yue)足。二是(shi)長時(shi)間虧電(dian)，電(dian)壓(ya)接近“紅線”車子跑不動了(le)才去充(chong)(chong)電(dian)。三是(shi)在(zai)溫(wen)度(du)過高或(huo)過低(di)的(de)情(qing)況(kuang)下充(chong)(chong)電(dian)。四是(shi)不注意電(dian)池的(de)定(ding)期檢查、維(wei)護和(he)保養。五是(shi)未按說(shuo)明書要求進行(xing)正確操作。

　　專家提醒消費者，電池壽命長短除了與電池自身質量優劣有關外，還與消費者是否正確使用有關。長時間充電、長時間虧電及烈日下暴曬都會縮短電池使用壽命。如果電池溫度過低，電池就有可能存在充電接受能力差、充電不足問題。此外，在充電時，一定要檢查充電插座是否松動，線路之間是否碰線，所使用的充電器、電線直徑、電壓等是否符合(he)電動車(che)使用說(shuo)明書所規定的(de)要求。

　　廢電池隨意處理

　　電動車所用電池通常為鉛酸電池。據專業人士介紹，鉛酸電池主要(yao)由鉛(qian)、硫酸(suan)(suan)以及(ji)(ji)部(bu)分(fen)金屬及(ji)(ji)塑料(liao)組成。廢(fei)電(dian)池(chi)酸(suan)(suan)液里含有(you)大(da)量(liang)的(de)(de)鉛(qian)，隨意(yi)排(pai)放不但嚴重污染土(tu)壤和(he)水(shui)源，還會(hui)引發人(ren)體代謝、生(sheng)殖及(ji)(ji)神經等方面的(de)(de)疾(ji)病。相(xiang)關(guan)部(bu)門明確要(yao)求(qiu)，電(dian)動車銷售行業必(bi)須做好廢(fei)舊電(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)回收(shou)處理工作。而(er)在(zai)現實當(dang)(dang)中，有(you)的(de)(de)銷售商(shang)把廢(fei)舊電(dian)池(chi)回收(shou)的(de)(de)規定(ding)當(dang)(dang)成耳邊風，導致部(bu)分(fen)廢(fei)舊電(dian)池(chi)被“破爛王”收(shou)去。他們將廢(fei)舊電(dian)池(chi)內的(de)(de)鉛(qian)酸(suan)(suan)溶液隨地傾(qing)倒，然后將電(dian)池(chi)內的(de)(de)鉛(qian)等取(qu)出(chu)，賣給廢(fei)品收(shou)購站。

　　專家提(ti)醒消費(fei)者，目前全(quan)國(guo)每年產(chan)生的電動(dong)車廢舊電池是一個不(bu)小的數(shu)目。保護環(huan)境，人(ren)人(ren)有責。一方面(mian)，經營者要嚴格(ge)遵守行業規(gui)定(ding)，做好廢舊電池的回收；另一方面(mian)，消費(fei)者切不(bu)可貪圖蠅頭小利，將廢舊電池賣給小商小販。

　　網商兵團：電(dian)動車蓄電(dian)池損壞原因大揭秘

　　蓄電池壞損原因(yin)很復雜，大致分(fen)為以下幾種：

　　“過充”導致(zhi)蓄電池(chi)壞損

　　“過充”首先是充電器的原因。目前的電動車充電器都有安全充電電壓設置，充電電壓一般設定在電瓶標準電壓的1.2倍以內，如48V的蓄電池，充電電壓設定在57.2V以內。蓄電池在放電過程中，電壓會逐步下降，當再次給電瓶充電時，充電器的紅燈會亮起，表示充電進行時，當電能不斷的輸入電瓶后，電壓會不斷升高，直至接近或等于充電電壓時充電器綠燈(deng)會亮起，此(ci)時，充電(dian)(dian)(dian)停止(zhi)(zhi)或(huo)涓(juan)流充電(dian)(dian)(dian)。如果充電(dian)(dian)(dian)器電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)元件(jian)失靈，充電(dian)(dian)(dian)就不會停止(zhi)(zhi)，充電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流會不間斷地輸入電(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶，電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)就會不斷升高，電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)升高的結(jie)果就會加劇電(dian)(dian)(dian)解液的熱反(fan)應，輕(qing)則蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池外(wai)殼會變形(膨脹(zhang))，重則致使蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池被充爆(bao)。

　　“虧(kui)電”導致電瓶壞損

　　“虧電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)”是(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)不(bu)(bu)足(zu)(zu)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)偏低時強行過量(liang)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)產生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)種破(po)壞蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)極板涂層的(de)(de)(de)現象。很多(duo)用(yong)戶(hu)在使(shi)(shi)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動車(che)時往(wang)往(wang)是(shi)幾天充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)一(yi)(yi)次(ci)，有(you)的(de)(de)(de)每天行程(cheng)超過新電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶(ping)標稱里程(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)60%以上，要知道電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)容量(liang)下降會導(dao)致蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)不(bu)(bu)足(zu)(zu)(欠壓(ya))，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)不(bu)(bu)足(zu)(zu)就不(bu)(bu)能有(you)效(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)滿足(zu)(zu)車(che)載(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)基(ji)本的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)供(gong)(gong)給，當電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)下降時，用(yong)戶(hu)還在使(shi)(shi)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動車(che)，而(er)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)又不(bu)(bu)能提供(gong)(gong)正常(chang)(chang)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)，因(yin)此就會因(yin)車(che)載(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)負載(zai)使(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶(ping)欠壓(ya)出現“虧電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)”，經常(chang)(chang)性的(de)(de)(de)“虧電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)”就會使(shi)(shi)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)極板鉛(qian)層逐步剝(bo)離，直(zhi)至極板壞損(sun)。

　　啟動(dong)、加速、過載產生的大電流放電使電瓶壞損

　　電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)車(che)(che)啟動(dong)、加速的瞬間電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)很大(da)(da)，一般(ban)會(hui)(hui)達到20A―50A，根據電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)車(che)(che)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機功率(lv)的大(da)(da)小，正常(chang)的放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)一般(ban)控制在(zai)10A以內為好(hao)。由于瞬間電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)太大(da)(da)，使(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解反(fan)應急(ji)劇(ju)增加，極板涂層必(bi)然會(hui)(hui)受到一定程度的影響(xiang)，久而久之(zhi)極板鉛(qian)層粉(fen)末就(jiu)會(hui)(hui)因(yin)瞬間大(da)(da)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)拉(la)扯逐步脫落(luo)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解液就(jiu)會(hui)(hui)發黑(鉛(qian)粉(fen)所致)，蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池就(jiu)會(hui)(hui)報(bao)廢。過(guo)載會(hui)(hui)使(shi)(shi)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)負荷加大(da)(da)，長(chang)時間的大(da)(da)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，會(hui)(hui)直接影響(xiang)極板涂層，加快極板軟化(hua)的過(guo)程。還(huan)有就(jiu)是路況不好(hao)也會(hui)(hui)使(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)車(che)(che)頻繁的剎車(che)(che)和(he)啟動(dong)。這都(dou)是造成大(da)(da)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的因(yin)素。另外(wai)值得提出的是，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)車(che)(che)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機功率(lv)越(yue)(yue)大(da)(da)，其蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的使(shi)(shi)用壽(shou)命(ming)越(yue)(yue)短，這是因(yin)為電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機功率(lv)越(yue)(yue)大(da)(da)，放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)也就(jiu)越(yue)(yue)大(da)(da)，對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶(ping)的損傷(shang)也就(jiu)越(yue)(yue)大(da)(da)。

　　“失水(shui)”使電瓶壞損

　　“失(shi)水(shui)(shui)”是蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)容(rong)(rong)量減少的(de)基本原因(yin)之一(yi)(yi)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)車(che)采用(yong)的(de)絕(jue)大(da)(da)部(bu)分是免維(wei)護(hu)鉛酸(suan)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)，很(hen)多用(yong)戶會(hui)(hui)說，這種電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)是密(mi)封(feng)的(de)，又是免維(wei)護(hu)，為什么還存在“失(shi)水(shui)(shui)”現象(xiang)？其道理很(hen)簡單，水(shui)(shui)是參加(jia)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解反應的(de)重(zhong)要(yao)成(cheng)分，一(yi)(yi)旦(dan)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)出現過充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、大(da)(da)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、內阻增大(da)(da)、短(duan)路等時，容(rong)(rong)易產生熱度(du)并形成(cheng)水(shui)(shui)蒸(zheng)汽(qi)，水(shui)(shui)蒸(zheng)汽(qi)在密(mi)封(feng)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)盒內會(hui)(hui)大(da)(da)部(bu)分被留住，但也(ye)有(you)極少部(bu)分會(hui)(hui)流(liu)失(shi)(因(yin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)殼材(cai)質的(de)密(mi)度(du)所(suo)決定)，久而久之，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶就(jiu)會(hui)(hui)出現“失(shi)水(shui)(shui)”狀(zhuang)態(tai)。一(yi)(yi)般來說，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)車(che)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)使用(yong)6個月以上(shang)都會(hui)(hui)存在“失(shi)水(shui)(shui)”狀(zhuang)態(tai)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機功率越大(da)(da)，“失(shi)水(shui)(shui)”狀(zhuang)態(tai)越嚴重(zhong)。