廠家拼價格

　　專家介紹，電動車廠家生產的電動車電池一般由專業電池生產廠提供。不同品牌、不同廠家生產的電動車電池質量有優劣之別，價格當然也有高低之分。為了分食電動車市場這塊大“蛋糕”，一些廠家惡意競爭，在產品銷售上玩起了價格戰，而在生產環節中卻偷工減料，他們大多采用低價購進的劣質電動車電池。對此，專家(jia)提醒消費者，在購買(mai)電(dian)動自(zi)行車時，不能片面追求價格低，而要選擇一些質(zhi)量高、市(shi)場信譽度好的(de)品牌(pai)。

　　商家賺黑錢

　　按照相關規定，電池作為電動車的主要部件，有相應的“三包”期。但從市場調查情況來看，有的電動車銷售人員既沒有電池維(wei)修的(de)(de)專(zhuan)業知識(shi)，也沒有相關的(de)(de)專(zhuan)業檢測設(she)備，對(dui)在“三包(bao)”期內出現故障的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)通常只加些(xie)電(dian)(dian)解液就算維(wei)護過了(le)。等電(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)“三包(bao)”期一過，就要(yao)消費(fei)(fei)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)掏腰包(bao)買新電(dian)(dian)池(chi)更(geng)換了(le)。有的(de)(de)商家對(dui)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)質量問題干脆(cui)不(bu)認賬，以消費(fei)(fei)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)人為(wei)損壞為(wei)由，把責任(ren)向(xiang)消費(fei)(fei)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)身上一推了(le)之(zhi)。更(geng)有甚者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，有些(xie)商家表(biao)面上給(gei)消費(fei)(fei)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)更(geng)換新電(dian)(dian)池(chi)，卻(que)將半舊的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)從外觀上進行技術處(chu)理，糊弄消費(fei)(fei)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)。暗地里(li)，他們以消費(fei)(fei)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)更(geng)換新電(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)名義向(xiang)廠(chang)家索要(yao)新電(dian)(dian)池(chi)，坐享其利(li)，消費(fei)(fei)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)因此做了(le)“冤大(da)頭”。

　　專家提醒(xing)首(shou)先，消費者購買電(dian)動自行(xing)車要選(xuan)擇有固(gu)定(ding)維修點(dian)的商家或品牌(pai)，對電(dian)動車售(shou)后服務(wu)問題要與經(jing)(jing)營者事(shi)先約定(ding)。其次(ci)，電(dian)池“三(san)包”是(shi)經(jing)(jing)營者的一(yi)種(zhong)法(fa)定(ding)義務(wu)，電(dian)池在“三(san)包”期內出現質量問題，要抓(zhua)緊(jin)時間與商家協商解決或到相關(guan)部(bu)門投訴(su)。再次(ci)，接受維修、更(geng)換等處理時，一(yi)定(ding)要相關(guan)人員在保(bao)修單上如實填寫(xie)，對更(geng)換的電(dian)池要進行(xing)認真查驗。

　　維護知識少

　　據了解(jie)，一些(xie)消費者在(zai)(zai)使用電(dian)(dian)池時(shi)存在(zai)(zai)方法不當問(wen)題。一是(shi)(shi)長時(shi)間(jian)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)，認為充(chong)得時(shi)間(jian)越(yue)長電(dian)(dian)量越(yue)足。二是(shi)(shi)長時(shi)間(jian)虧電(dian)(dian)，電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)接近(jin)“紅(hong)線”車子跑不動(dong)了才去充(chong)電(dian)(dian)。三(san)是(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)溫度過高或過低的情況下充(chong)電(dian)(dian)。四是(shi)(shi)不注(zhu)意電(dian)(dian)池的定期檢查、維護和保養。五(wu)是(shi)(shi)未按(an)說明書要求進行正(zheng)確操作。

　　專家提醒消費者，電池壽命長短除了與電池自身質量優劣有關外，還與消費者是否正確使用有關。長時間充電、長時間虧電及烈日下暴曬都會縮短電池使用壽命。如果電池溫度過低，電池就有可能存在充電接受能力差、充電不足問題。此外，在充電時，一定要檢查充電插座是否松動，線路之間是否碰線，所使用的充電器、電(dian)線直徑、電(dian)壓等(deng)是否符合電(dian)動車使(shi)用說明書所規(gui)定的要求。

　　廢電池隨意處理

　　電動車所用電池通常為鉛酸電池。據專業人士介紹，鉛酸電池主要由(you)鉛(qian)、硫酸以及部(bu)(bu)分金(jin)屬及塑料組(zu)成。廢(fei)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)酸液里含有大量的(de)鉛(qian)，隨意排放不但嚴重(zhong)污染土(tu)壤(rang)和(he)水源(yuan)，還(huan)會引(yin)發人(ren)體代謝(xie)、生殖及神經等方面的(de)疾(ji)病。相關部(bu)(bu)門(men)明確要求(qiu)，電(dian)動車銷(xiao)售行(xing)業必須做(zuo)好廢(fei)舊電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)回收處理工作。而在現(xian)實當中，有的(de)銷(xiao)售商把廢(fei)舊電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)回收的(de)規(gui)定當成耳(er)邊風，導(dao)致(zhi)部(bu)(bu)分廢(fei)舊電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)被“破爛(lan)王”收去(qu)。他(ta)們將廢(fei)舊電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)內(nei)的(de)鉛(qian)酸溶液隨地(di)傾倒，然(ran)后(hou)將電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)內(nei)的(de)鉛(qian)等取(qu)出，賣(mai)給(gei)廢(fei)品收購站。

　　專家提醒消費者(zhe)(zhe)，目(mu)前全國(guo)每年產生的(de)電(dian)動車廢(fei)舊電(dian)池是一個不小(xiao)的(de)數目(mu)。保護環境，人人有責。一方面，經(jing)營者(zhe)(zhe)要嚴格(ge)遵守(shou)行業規定，做(zuo)好廢(fei)舊電(dian)池的(de)回收；另一方面，消費者(zhe)(zhe)切不可貪(tan)圖(tu)蠅頭(tou)小(xiao)利，將廢(fei)舊電(dian)池賣給小(xiao)商小(xiao)販。

　　網商兵團：電(dian)(dian)動車蓄電(dian)(dian)池損壞(huai)原因大揭秘

　　蓄電池(chi)壞損原因很復(fu)雜，大致分為以下幾(ji)種：

　　“過(guo)充(chong)”導致(zhi)蓄(xu)電池壞(huai)損

　　“過充”首先是充電器的原因。目前的電動車充電器都有安全充電電壓設置，充電電壓一般設定在電瓶標準電壓的1.2倍以內，如48V的蓄電池，充電電壓設定在57.2V以內。蓄電池在放電過程中，電壓會逐步下降，當再次給電瓶充電時，充電器的紅燈會亮起，表示充電進行時，當電能不斷的輸入電瓶后，電壓會不斷升高，直至接近或等于充電電壓時充電器綠(lv)燈會(hui)(hui)亮起(qi)，此時，充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)停(ting)止或涓流(liu)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。如果充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓元件失靈(ling)，充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)就不(bu)會(hui)(hui)停(ting)止，充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)會(hui)(hui)不(bu)間斷(duan)地(di)輸入電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓就會(hui)(hui)不(bu)斷(duan)升(sheng)高，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓升(sheng)高的結果就會(hui)(hui)加劇電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解液的熱反應(ying)，輕(qing)則(ze)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)外殼會(hui)(hui)變(bian)形(膨脹)，重則(ze)致使(shi)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)被充(chong)(chong)爆。

　　“虧電”導(dao)致電瓶壞損(sun)

　　“虧電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)”是電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量不(bu)足(zu)(zu)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)偏低(di)時(shi)強行(xing)過量放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)產生的(de)(de)(de)一種破壞蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)極板(ban)涂層(ceng)的(de)(de)(de)現象。很多用(yong)(yong)(yong)戶在使用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)車(che)時(shi)往往是幾(ji)天(tian)(tian)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)一次，有的(de)(de)(de)每天(tian)(tian)行(xing)程超過新電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶(ping)標稱里(li)程的(de)(de)(de)60%以(yi)上(shang)，要知(zhi)道電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)容量下降會(hui)導致蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)不(bu)足(zu)(zu)(欠壓(ya))，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)不(bu)足(zu)(zu)就(jiu)不(bu)能有效的(de)(de)(de)滿(man)足(zu)(zu)車(che)載電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器基本的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)供給，當電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)下降時(shi)，用(yong)(yong)(yong)戶還在使用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)車(che)，而蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)又不(bu)能提供正常(chang)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)，因此(ci)就(jiu)會(hui)因車(che)載電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器的(de)(de)(de)負載使電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶(ping)欠壓(ya)出現“虧電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)”，經常(chang)性的(de)(de)(de)“虧電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)”就(jiu)會(hui)使蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)極板(ban)鉛層(ceng)逐(zhu)步(bu)剝離，直至極板(ban)壞損。

　　啟動(dong)、加速、過載產生的(de)大電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)使電(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶壞損

　　電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)車(che)啟動(dong)(dong)、加(jia)速的(de)(de)瞬(shun)間電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流很大(da)(da)(da)，一(yi)般會(hui)(hui)達到20A―50A，根據電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)車(che)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)功(gong)(gong)率的(de)(de)大(da)(da)(da)小，正常(chang)的(de)(de)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流一(yi)般控(kong)制在10A以內(nei)為好。由于瞬(shun)間電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流太大(da)(da)(da)，使電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)反應急劇增加(jia)，極板涂(tu)層必然會(hui)(hui)受到一(yi)定程(cheng)度的(de)(de)影(ying)響，久(jiu)而久(jiu)之極板鉛層粉末就(jiu)(jiu)會(hui)(hui)因(yin)(yin)瞬(shun)間大(da)(da)(da)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流拉扯逐步脫(tuo)落，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)液就(jiu)(jiu)會(hui)(hui)發黑(鉛粉所(suo)致)，蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)就(jiu)(jiu)會(hui)(hui)報廢。過(guo)載會(hui)(hui)使蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)負(fu)荷加(jia)大(da)(da)(da)，長(chang)時(shi)間的(de)(de)大(da)(da)(da)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，會(hui)(hui)直接影(ying)響極板涂(tu)層，加(jia)快極板軟化的(de)(de)過(guo)程(cheng)。還有就(jiu)(jiu)是路況不好也會(hui)(hui)使電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)車(che)頻繁的(de)(de)剎車(che)和啟動(dong)(dong)。這都是造成大(da)(da)(da)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)因(yin)(yin)素。另外(wai)值得提(ti)出的(de)(de)是，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)車(che)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)功(gong)(gong)率越大(da)(da)(da)，其蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)使用壽(shou)命越短(duan)，這是因(yin)(yin)為電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)功(gong)(gong)率越大(da)(da)(da)，放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流也就(jiu)(jiu)越大(da)(da)(da)，對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶的(de)(de)損傷也就(jiu)(jiu)越大(da)(da)(da)。

　　“失水(shui)”使電瓶(ping)壞損

　　“失(shi)(shi)水”是(shi)蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)容量減少的(de)基本原因之一(yi)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)車采用(yong)的(de)絕大部(bu)分是(shi)免維護(hu)鉛酸蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)，很多(duo)用(yong)戶會(hui)說(shuo)，這(zhe)種(zhong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)是(shi)密封的(de)，又是(shi)免維護(hu)，為(wei)什么還存(cun)(cun)在(zai)“失(shi)(shi)水”現象？其道理很簡(jian)單，水是(shi)參(can)加蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)解反應的(de)重要(yao)成分，一(yi)旦蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)出現過(guo)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)、大電(dian)(dian)(dian)流放電(dian)(dian)(dian)、內阻增大、短路等時(shi)，容易產生熱度并形成水蒸汽，水蒸汽在(zai)密封的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)盒內會(hui)大部(bu)分被(bei)留住，但也有極少部(bu)分會(hui)流失(shi)(shi)(因電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)殼材質的(de)密度所決(jue)定)，久而久之，電(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶就(jiu)會(hui)出現“失(shi)(shi)水”狀(zhuang)態。一(yi)般來說(shuo)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)車電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)使(shi)用(yong)6個(ge)月以上都會(hui)存(cun)(cun)在(zai)“失(shi)(shi)水”狀(zhuang)態，電(dian)(dian)(dian)機功率越大，“失(shi)(shi)水”狀(zhuang)態越嚴重。