iPad充電器給iPhone充(chong)電：安(an)全(quan)

iPhone充電器給(gei)iPad充電：難說

iPhone充(chong)電(dian)(dian)器給iPhone充(chong)電(dian)(dian)（完全放(fang)電(dian)(dian)）

iPad充電(dian)(dian)器給(gei)iPhone4s充電(dian)(dian)（完全放電(dian)(dian)）

在蘋果官網的技術支持(chi)區里有這樣一(yi)段說明：iPad USB電源(yuan)適(shi)(shi)配器(qi)是一(yi)個10W的充(chong)電器(qi)。雖然此iPad 10W USB電源(yuan)適(shi)(shi)配器(qi)設(she)計為供iPad使用，但是您仍可通過其對所有iPhone和iPod機型充(chong)電。

但對 “果粉”來說，有(you)條微博讓人很糾結：請不(bu)要用iPad的充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)為iPhone充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)，雖然它(ta)們看起(qi)來長得(de)一樣(yang)，兩者(zhe)的充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)壓也(ye)都(dou)是(shi)5V，但是(shi)iPhone充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)的額定電(dian)(dian)流是(shi)1A，而iPad卻是(shi)2.1A……混(hun)用充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)的后(hou)果是(shi)既傷(shang)iPhone又傷(shang)iPad充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)”。

iPad和(he)iPhone充電器到底能(neng)(neng)不能(neng)(neng)混用(yong)？口說無憑(ping)，實驗為(wei)證(zheng)，《好奇(qi)實驗室》為(wei)你實測。

實驗(yan)對象：兩臺(tai)iPad、一(yi)臺(tai)iPad2、一(yi)臺(tai)iPhone4、一(yi)臺(tai)iPhone4s

中國計量學(xue)院機電(dian)(dian)工程學(xue)院的(de)蔡慧老師說(shuo)，iPad充(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)的(de)功(gong)(gong)率(lv)10W，是指電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)的(de)最大輸(shu)出功(gong)(gong)率(lv)，但實(shi)際(ji)(ji)輸(shu)出功(gong)(gong)率(lv)要(yao)取決于所(suo)接(jie)的(de)負載；iPad和iPhone的(de)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)的(de)額定(ding)電(dian)(dian)壓都是5V，只要(yao)實(shi)際(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)不(bu)超過額定(ding)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)（即iPhone1A，iPad2.1A），也不(bu)會(hui)對充(chong)電(dian)(dian)設(she)備造成(cheng)傷害。

iPad和(he)(he)iPhone的充(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)連(lian)接(jie)線都是一樣的，我們把它剪(jian)斷，里面有紅黑白(bai)綠四條(tiao)線，經檢測，紅線是電(dian)(dian)源線，黑線是地線，當(dang)(dang)連(lian)接(jie)線和(he)(he)iPad充(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)相連(lian)時，在(zai)白(bai)線和(he)(he)綠線上(shang)分別檢測到(dao)(dao)了2V和(he)(he)2.7V電(dian)(dian)壓，而當(dang)(dang)連(lian)接(jie)線和(he)(he)iPhone充(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)連(lian)接(jie)時，白(bai)、綠兩條(tiao)線上(shang)沒有測到(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)壓。

“白(bai)、綠兩條(tiao)線(xian)是(shi)信號線(xian)，當iPad或iPhone接上充電(dian)器(qi)時，通過這兩條(tiao)線(xian)可以區分當前使用(yong)的是(shi)哪種充電(dian)器(qi)，能(neng)對負(fu)載做(zuo)出相應的調整。”蔡慧(hui)老師說。

我(wo)們先用(yong)萬能表對各種(zhong)充電方式進行檢測。

iPad充(chong)電器(qi)（單(dan)位：A） iPhone充(chong)電器(qi)（單(dan)位：A）

50%電量的iPadA 1.5 0.48

60%電(dian)量的iPadB 1.5 1.26

70%電量的(de)iPad2 1.4 0.48

39%電(dian)量(liang)的iPhone4 0.98 0.45

40%電(dian)量的(de)iPhone4s 0.88 0.9

從(cong)檢測(ce)結(jie)果看，iPad充(chong)電(dian)器(qi)給iPhone充(chong)電(dian)時，實(shi)際電(dian)流都低于1A，而用iPhone充(chong)電(dian)器(qi)給iPad充(chong)電(dian)時，iPadA和iPad2顯示“沒(mei)有(you)充(chong)電(dian)”，顯示“正在充(chong)電(dian)”字(zi)樣的iPadB的實(shi)際電(dian)流偏大，超過(guo)了1A。

“iPadB里的(de)一些系統軟件可能被更改了，導致這樣(yang)的(de)問題出現，用iPhone充電(dian)器充電(dian)時，iPad是不會(hui)有損(sun)傷(shang)的(de)，因為電(dian)流小于額定電(dian)流，但對充電(dian)器會(hui)有損(sun)傷(shang)，時間一長，充電(dian)器就會(hui)壞掉(diao)。”

我(wo)們注意到，不同電(dian)(dian)量的(de)設備，充電(dian)(dian)的(de)實(shi)際電(dian)(dian)流大小也是不一(yi)樣的(de)，蔡老(lao)師解釋說(shuo)，這是因為智(zhi)能電(dian)(dian)池(chi)在充電(dian)(dian)過程(cheng)中，為了保持電(dian)(dian)池(chi)不受傷害，所以(yi)電(dian)(dian)流的(de)大小是會發生改(gai)變的(de)。

為更詳細地了(le)(le)解整(zheng)個(ge)充(chong)電(dian)過(guo)程，我(wo)們決定把iPad和(he)iPhone完全(quan)放電(dian)到0%后，再進(jin)行充(chong)電(dian)，并用萬(wan)能表連接(jie)電(dian)腦(nao)來記錄整(zheng)個(ge)充(chong)電(dian)過(guo)程――由于時間(jian)關(guan)系，我(wo)們選擇了(le)(le)iPad2和(he)iPhoe4s來進(jin)行實驗(yan)。

時間 實際電(dian)流（單位：A）

iPhone4s充電器充iPhone4s 約(yue)4小時 0.8以下

iPhone4s充電器充iPad2 約14小時(shi) 0.5以下

iPad2充電器充iPhone4s 約3小時(shi) 0.83以下(xia)

iPad2充電器(qi)充iPad2 約(yue)9小時 1以下

從檢(jian)測結(jie)果看，iPad充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器給iPhone4s充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流一(yi)(yi)直都在額(e)定(ding)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流以下，比用iPhone充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流稍大，速度也稍快一(yi)(yi)些；用iPhone充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器給iPad充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)，雖然iPad上沒(mei)有顯(xian)示充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，但實際上一(yi)(yi)直在充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，只是需要的時(shi)(shi)間(jian)相當長。

但不(bu)管(guan)哪種方式充電，整個充電過程中的(de)電流(liu)(liu)都是先低后(hou)高(gao)，然后(hou)慢慢下降，當電量到(dao)90%左右時，電流(liu)(liu)會越來越小。

“如果(guo)開始充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量很低，那么(me)必須用小(xiao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)開始充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，小(xiao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)是為了保護電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)，避免(mian)大電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)沖擊給電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)內部結構帶來(lai)損害(hai)；而當電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓達到或接近充(chong)(chong)滿電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓時(shi)，則要開始轉(zhuan)入(ru)(ru)恒壓充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，如果(guo)不轉(zhuan)入(ru)(ru)小(xiao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，就可能導致電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓過高，有(you)過充(chong)(chong)的危險，也是對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)有(you)害(hai)的。”蔡(cai)老(lao)師(shi)說。

但即使是用iPad充(chong)電(dian)器給iPad充(chong)電(dian)，實(shi)際電(dian)流也沒有大于1A，這是為什么(me)呢？

蔡老師說(shuo)，iPad和iPhone會根據電池(chi)的(de)(de)余(yu)量來選擇(ze)充(chong)(chong)電方案，當電池(chi)完(wan)全耗光時，就相當于一(yi)個餓了很長時間的(de)(de)人，不能一(yi)下(xia)子進食太多，而應該(gai)一(yi)點一(yi)點慢慢吃，所(suo)以(yi)完(wan)全放電后充(chong)(chong)電，比有余(yu)電時充(chong)(chong)電的(de)(de)電量更(geng)小一(yi)些，時間也(ye)更(geng)長一(yi)些。