iPad充電器給(gei)iPhone充電：安全

iPhone充電器給(gei)iPad充電：難說(shuo)

iPhone充電(dian)器給iPhone充電(dian)（完全放電(dian)）

iPad充(chong)電器(qi)給iPhone4s充(chong)電（完全放電）

在蘋果官網的(de)技(ji)術支持(chi)區(qu)里有這樣一(yi)段說明：iPad USB電(dian)源(yuan)適(shi)(shi)配(pei)器(qi)是一(yi)個10W的(de)充電(dian)器(qi)。雖然(ran)此iPad 10W USB電(dian)源(yuan)適(shi)(shi)配(pei)器(qi)設計為供(gong)iPad使用，但是您仍(reng)可通過其對所(suo)有iPhone和iPod機型充電(dian)。

但(dan)對 “果(guo)粉”來說，有條(tiao)微博(bo)讓人很糾結：請不要(yao)用(yong)iPad的(de)(de)充電(dian)器(qi)為iPhone充電(dian)，雖然它們看起來長得一樣，兩者的(de)(de)充電(dian)電(dian)壓也都是5V，但(dan)是iPhone充電(dian)的(de)(de)額定電(dian)流(liu)是1A，而iPad卻是2.1A……混用(yong)充電(dian)器(qi)的(de)(de)后果(guo)是既傷iPhone又傷iPad充電(dian)器(qi)”。

iPad和(he)iPhone充(chong)電器到底能不能混用？口(kou)說無憑，實(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)為證，《好奇實(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)室》為你實(shi)(shi)測。

實驗對象：兩臺(tai)iPad、一臺(tai)iPad2、一臺(tai)iPhone4、一臺(tai)iPhone4s

中(zhong)國計量學院(yuan)機電(dian)(dian)(dian)工程(cheng)學院(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)蔡慧老師說，iPad充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)功率10W，是(shi)指(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源的(de)(de)(de)最大輸出功率，但實(shi)際(ji)輸出功率要取決于所接的(de)(de)(de)負載；iPad和iPhone的(de)(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)額定電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓都(dou)是(shi)5V，只要實(shi)際(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)不超(chao)過額定電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)（即iPhone1A，iPad2.1A），也(ye)不會對充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)備造成傷害(hai)。

iPad和(he)iPhone的(de)充(chong)電(dian)器連接(jie)線(xian)(xian)都是一樣的(de)，我們把它剪斷，里面有紅黑(hei)白綠(lv)四(si)條線(xian)(xian)，經檢測(ce)，紅線(xian)(xian)是電(dian)源線(xian)(xian)，黑(hei)線(xian)(xian)是地線(xian)(xian)，當(dang)連接(jie)線(xian)(xian)和(he)iPad充(chong)電(dian)器相連時(shi)，在白線(xian)(xian)和(he)綠(lv)線(xian)(xian)上分別檢測(ce)到了2V和(he)2.7V電(dian)壓，而(er)當(dang)連接(jie)線(xian)(xian)和(he)iPhone充(chong)電(dian)器連接(jie)時(shi)，白、綠(lv)兩條線(xian)(xian)上沒有測(ce)到電(dian)壓。

“白、綠兩條(tiao)(tiao)線(xian)(xian)是(shi)信號線(xian)(xian)，當(dang)iPad或(huo)iPhone接上充電器時，通(tong)過這兩條(tiao)(tiao)線(xian)(xian)可以區(qu)分當(dang)前(qian)使用的是(shi)哪種充電器，能對負載(zai)做(zuo)出相(xiang)應的調整。”蔡慧老師說。

我們先(xian)用(yong)萬能表對各種充電方式進行檢測。

iPad充電器（單位：A） iPhone充電器（單位：A）

50%電量的iPadA 1.5 0.48

60%電量(liang)的(de)iPadB 1.5 1.26

70%電量的iPad2 1.4 0.48

39%電量的(de)iPhone4 0.98 0.45

40%電量(liang)的iPhone4s 0.88 0.9

從檢測結果看(kan)，iPad充(chong)(chong)電器給(gei)(gei)iPhone充(chong)(chong)電時，實際電流(liu)都低于1A，而(er)用iPhone充(chong)(chong)電器給(gei)(gei)iPad充(chong)(chong)電時，iPadA和iPad2顯示(shi)(shi)“沒有(you)充(chong)(chong)電”，顯示(shi)(shi)“正在充(chong)(chong)電”字樣的iPadB的實際電流(liu)偏大，超(chao)過了1A。

“iPadB里的(de)一些系統軟件可能被(bei)更改了，導(dao)致這樣的(de)問(wen)題出現，用iPhone充電(dian)器(qi)充電(dian)時，iPad是不(bu)會(hui)有損傷的(de)，因為(wei)電(dian)流小于額定電(dian)流，但對充電(dian)器(qi)會(hui)有損傷，時間一長，充電(dian)器(qi)就會(hui)壞掉。”

我們注意(yi)到(dao)，不(bu)同電(dian)(dian)(dian)量的設(she)備，充電(dian)(dian)(dian)的實(shi)際電(dian)(dian)(dian)流大小(xiao)也是不(bu)一(yi)樣的，蔡老(lao)師解(jie)釋說，這(zhe)是因為智能電(dian)(dian)(dian)池在充電(dian)(dian)(dian)過程中，為了(le)保持電(dian)(dian)(dian)池不(bu)受傷害，所以電(dian)(dian)(dian)流的大小(xiao)是會發生改變的。

為更詳(xiang)細(xi)地了解整個(ge)充電(dian)過程，我們決定把iPad和(he)(he)iPhone完全放電(dian)到0%后，再進行充電(dian)，并用萬能(neng)表連接電(dian)腦來(lai)(lai)記錄(lu)整個(ge)充電(dian)過程――由于時間關系，我們選擇了iPad2和(he)(he)iPhoe4s來(lai)(lai)進行實驗。

時間 實際電流（單位：A）

iPhone4s充(chong)電(dian)器充(chong)iPhone4s 約(yue)4小時 0.8以下

iPhone4s充電(dian)器充iPad2 約14小時 0.5以下(xia)

iPad2充電器充iPhone4s 約3小時 0.83以下

iPad2充(chong)電器充(chong)iPad2 約(yue)9小時 1以下

從檢測結果(guo)看，iPad充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)給(gei)iPhone4s充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)流一直都在額定電(dian)(dian)(dian)流以下，比用iPhone充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流稍大，速度也稍快(kuai)一些；用iPhone充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)給(gei)iPad充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)，雖(sui)然iPad上沒有顯(xian)示(shi)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，但實(shi)際(ji)上一直在充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，只是需要的(de)時(shi)間相(xiang)當長。

但不管哪種(zhong)方式充電(dian)，整個充電(dian)過程中(zhong)的(de)電(dian)流(liu)都是先低后高，然后慢慢下降，當電(dian)量到90%左右時，電(dian)流(liu)會越來(lai)越小。

“如果開(kai)始(shi)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量很低，那么必須用小電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)開(kai)始(shi)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，小電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)是為了(le)保護電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)，避免大電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)沖擊(ji)給電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)內(nei)部結構帶來損害；而當電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓達(da)到或接(jie)近充(chong)滿電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓時，則(ze)要開(kai)始(shi)轉(zhuan)入恒壓充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，如果不轉(zhuan)入小電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，就可(ke)能導致電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓過(guo)高(gao)，有過(guo)充(chong)的危險，也(ye)是對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)有害的。”蔡老(lao)師(shi)說(shuo)。

但即使(shi)是用(yong)iPad充電器給(gei)iPad充電，實際電流也沒有大于(yu)1A，這是為什(shen)么(me)呢？

蔡老師說，iPad和(he)iPhone會根據電(dian)池(chi)的(de)余量(liang)來選擇(ze)充(chong)電(dian)方案，當(dang)電(dian)池(chi)完全耗光時(shi)(shi)，就相當(dang)于(yu)一(yi)(yi)個餓了很(hen)長時(shi)(shi)間(jian)的(de)人，不能(neng)一(yi)(yi)下(xia)子進食太多，而應該一(yi)(yi)點一(yi)(yi)點慢慢吃，所以(yi)完全放電(dian)后(hou)充(chong)電(dian)，比(bi)有余電(dian)時(shi)(shi)充(chong)電(dian)的(de)電(dian)量(liang)更(geng)小一(yi)(yi)些，時(shi)(shi)間(jian)也更(geng)長一(yi)(yi)些。