電源適配器的(de)工作原(yuan)理你知道嗎?怎么維修你清(qing)楚(chu)嗎?對于電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)適配(pei)(pei)器相信(xin)大(da)家都不陌生，筆(bi)記本(ben)電(dian)(dian)(dian)腦(nao)就(jiu)離不開電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)適配(pei)(pei)器的(de)使用(yong)，因為電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)適配(pei)(pei)器是(shi)給筆(bi)記本(ben)電(dian)(dian)(dian)腦(nao)等電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)設(she)備充電(dian)(dian)(dian)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)，但(dan)是(shi)很多人并不清(qing)楚(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)適配(pei)(pei)器的(de)工作原(yuan)理是(shi)怎樣(yang)的(de)，也不清(qing)楚(chu)怎么維修。下面就(jiu)由我們的(de)技(ji)術人員(yuan)為大(da)家詳細(xi)介紹：

　　電源適配器的工作原理

　　電(dian)(dian)(dian)源適配(pei)器的工作原理就是把(ba)不穩定的電(dian)(dian)(dian)源利用開關電(dian)(dian)(dian)源的原理通過轉(zhuan)化電(dian)(dian)(dian)路變成(cheng)筆記本電(dian)(dian)(dian)腦需(xu)要(yao)的恒(heng)壓直(zhi)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，給(gei)筆記本電(dian)(dian)(dian)腦供電(dian)(dian)(dian)和充電(dian)(dian)(dian)。這種轉(zhuan)化電(dian)(dian)(dian)路，一定有保護電(dian)(dian)(dian)路。

　　電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)適配(pei)器(qi)可以把不穩定(ding)(ding)的電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)利(li)用(yong)開關電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)的原理，通過轉化電(dian)(dian)路變成用(yong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)所需要的恒壓直流(liu)電(dian)(dian)，給用(yong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)供電(dian)(dian)和充電(dian)(dian)。這種轉化電(dian)(dian)路，一定(ding)(ding)有(you)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)電(dian)(dian)路(過流(liu)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)電(dian)(dian)路、過壓保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)電(dian)(dian)路、短(duan)路保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)電(dian)(dian)路等(deng))，防(fang)止意(yi)外(wai)時，保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)不至于燒(shao)掉。

　　而開關電(dian)源(yuan)與(yu)適(shi)配(pei)器都是(shi)(shi)開關電(dian)源(yuan)，都由(you)高頻(pin)開關管及其(qi)控制電(dian)路組成。適(shi)配(pei)器電(dian)源(yuan)是(shi)(shi)一種穩壓(ya)開關電(dian)源(yuan)，開關電(dian)源(yuan)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)器是(shi)(shi)帶有(you)浮充(chong)(chong)功能(neng)，電(dian)壓(ya)是(shi)(shi)隨電(dian)流(liu)的變(bian)(bian)小(xiao)而變(bian)(bian)大，到最后是(shi)(shi)只(zhi)有(you)電(dian)壓(ya)而沒電(dian)流(liu)。

　　電源(yuan)適配器的工作原理就是這樣的，其(qi)實電源(yuan)適配器其(qi)實是一個高精(jing)密(mi)、高效(xiao)率的開關(guan)型穩(wen)壓電源(yuan)，其(qi)作用(yong)是把220V的交流市電轉換為低壓直流電，為電子設備(bei)正(zheng)常工作提供(gong)穩(wen)定的電力。

　　電源適配器的維修步驟與方法

　　首先我們要檢查是(shi)(shi)哪里出(chu)了(le)問(wen)題，如果是(shi)(shi)線路故障：包括電(dian)源(yuan)線損(sun)壞不通電(dian)、接觸口氧化接觸不良等情況。重點(dian)檢查要輸入線、輸出(chu)線是(shi)(shi)否通電(dian)。若是(shi)(shi)線路故障，可(ke)通過更(geng)換電(dian)源(yuan)線等方式來(lai)解決。

　　如果是(shi)保(bao)險燒(shao)壞或炸掉(diao)，主要檢查整流橋、各二極(ji)管(guan)、開(kai)關(guan)管(guan)以(yi)及300伏上的大濾波電(dian)容等部位。導(dao)(dao)致(zhi)保(bao)險燒(shao)、發黑，也(ye)可(ke)能是(shi)抗干(gan)擾電(dian)路出問題引起(qi)(qi)。尤(you)其要注意的是(shi)：因開(kai)關(guan)管(guan)擊(ji)穿導(dao)(dao)致(zhi)保(bao)險燒(shao)，通(tong)常會燒(shao)壞電(dian)源(yuan)控制(zhi)芯片和電(dian)流檢測電(dian)阻。熱敏電(dian)阻也(ye)很(hen)容易(yi)和保(bao)險一起(qi)(qi)被燒(shao)壞。

　　如果是(shi)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)件(jian)問(wen)題，由于現在的電源(yuan)適配器(qi)已經大量采用(yong)貼片(pian)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)件(jian)，一(yi)旦元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)件(jian)出了問(wen)題，維修的難度(du)就更(geng)加大了。電源(yuan)適配器(qi)的功率也是(shi)一(yi)天(tian)一(yi)天(tian)增大，這樣(yang)對電子元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)件(jian)的考驗越來越大，如果電源(yuan)適配器(qi)采用(yong)的電子元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)件(jian)質量不過關、PCB布(bu)線不當，就很有可能(neng)加大故障概率。

　　觀測電(dian)腦(nao)的指示(shi)燈變化：如(ru)果你插上電(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)適配器后，你可(ke)以(yi)看到充電(dian)的指示(shi)燈時亮時滅(mie)(mie)，有時間一(yi)直(zhi)不滅(mie)(mie)，則(ze)是筆記本里面(mian)那個電(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)適配器接口有問題，一(yi)般可(ke)能里面(mian)線斷了、電(dian)路(lu)板老化、焊接掉落等(deng)原因。此(ci)稱為虛焊現(xian)象(xiang)。這種(zhong)情(qing)況只(zhi)有叫(jiao)專業人事修(xiu)理(li)。

　　這些就(jiu)是電源(yuan)適配(pei)器(qi)的工作原(yuan)理和(he)維修步(bu)驟方法，有(you)需要的朋友們(men)還是可以(yi)多了解關于電源(yuan)適配(pei)器(qi)的，以(yi)后如果遇(yu)到(dao)故障或(huo)問(wen)題就(jiu)可以(yi)自己快速排(pai)查并解決。