鋰電池性能詳解 如何給給MP3充電?
現在(zai)(zai)市場上的(de)(de)MP3屏(ping)幕越做(zuo)越大(da),功能越來越強,但有(you)一項數(shu)據卻多(duo)年未變,甚至還有(you)倒(dao)退。那(nei)就是電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)容量。為了(le)追求更輕薄的(de)(de)機身,更好的(de)(de)便攜性(xing),電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)就做(zuo)出了(le)犧牲。現在(zai)(zai)用MP3播放電(dian)(dian)影大(da)概可以看3~4小時(shi),音樂12小時(shi)左右。像Q2標(biao)示續(xu)航(hang)50小時(shi),是要在(zai)(zai)很嚴(yan)格的(de)(de)條件(jian)下才能達成(cheng)的(de)(de)。比如,歌曲比特率,電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)完美充(chong)電(dian)(dian),音效關,音量限定等(deng)等(deng)。那(nei)么為了(le)使(shi)用更長時(shi)間,給大(da)家講講怎(zen)么“伺候”電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)。
在討論鋰電池之前,我們先要明白鋰電池分為兩類:鋰電池和鋰離子電池。鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)就是(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)子表等產品中的(de)紐扣電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi),理論(lun)上(shang)也(ye)可以(yi)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)。可是(shi)(shi)不(bu)但效果不(bu)好(hao),還容易短路,所以(yi)一般都是(shi)(shi)禁止充電(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)。后來經(jing)過(guo)索尼公司改進設計材(cai)料,發(fa)明鋰離(li)子電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)。也(ye)就是(shi)(shi)我們現在廣(guang)泛使用的(de)鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi),安全性更(geng)高,壽命也(ye)更(geng)長。以(yi)下討論(lun)的(de)鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi),均為鋰離(li)子電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)。
1.如何充電。
傳說一:電池有記憶性,前三次充電必須充滿,至少12個小時!這種說法指的是鎳電池。鎳電池記憶性較強,一開始激活不充分會影響使用。鋰電池雖然(ran)也(ye)要激(ji)活,但很容易,經過(guo)3~5次正常充放電(dian)就可激(ji)活。其本身也(ye)沒有記憶性。

經(jing)典SONY口香糖電池
經典SONY口香糖電(dian)池(chi)(chi),可以看到其明確注明為Ni-MH(鎳氫)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)。
要(yao)注(zhu)意,過長時間的(de)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)反而會對鋰電(dian)(dian)池(chi)造成傷害,所以(yi)絕大(da)多數(shu)電(dian)(dian)子產品都有(you)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)保(bao)護(hu)的(de)功能(neng)。當電(dian)(dian)池(chi)充(chong)(chong)滿后(hou),自動(dong)斷電(dian)(dian)。我們無法保(bao)證(zheng)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)保(bao)護(hu)功能(neng)一(yi)定靠的(de)住,為了以(yi)防(fang)萬一(yi),大(da)家還(huan)是不(bu)要(yao)將電(dian)(dian)池(chi)長時間至于充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)狀態。另外,有(you)些地方(fang)電(dian)(dian)壓不(bu)穩(wen),鋰電(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)耐波動(dong)性比較差,更(geng)長的(de)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)時間,意味著更(geng)容易受到傷害。
2.什么時候充電(dian)。
傳說二:電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量要(yao)盡量用(yong)(yong)(yong)光,最(zui)好自動關機再充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。這也是說鎳(nie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)。由于鎳(nie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)記憶性(xing),所以(yi)每次都要(yao)用(yong)(yong)(yong)光電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)才(cai)能(neng)開始充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。有些人可能(neng)還(huan)記得,早期的(de)(de)手機充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器上還(huan)有“放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)”這一功(gong)能(neng)。但鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)完全不(bu)適用(yong)(yong)(yong)這個規則(ze),過分的(de)(de)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)反而對鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)有害。為(wei)了保證鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)壽命,最(zui)好在(zai)提示電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量低時(shi)就開始充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。

Ni-Cd(鎳(nie)鎘)電池
第一(yi)代充電(dian)電(dian)池,Ni-Cd(鎳鎘)電(dian)池。有(you)記憶性且鎘對(dui)人體危害極大。
說一個(ge)真(zhen)實的例子(zi)。筆(bi)者有一次出去玩,手機沒有及時充電(dian)(dian),導致電(dian)(dian)量(liang)完全(quan)用光。回來(lai)就充不(bu)上電(dian)(dian)了,不(bu)得(de)不(bu)送客(ke)服檢修(xiu)。這就是因為(wei)電(dian)(dian)池過(guo)度放電(dian)(dian)導致電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)過(guo)低,甚至不(bu)具備正(zheng)常充電(dian)(dian)條(tiao)件(jian)。

PSP使用的(de)Li-ion(鋰電(dian)池)
3.使用中(zhong)的注意事項。
近幾年不斷聽說(shuo)手(shou)機電(dian)池(chi)爆(bao)炸的事。輕者(zhe)燒毀財(cai)物,重者(zhe)甚至(zhi)燒傷使用(yong)者(zhe)。至(zhi)于爆(bao)炸的元兇(xiong)嘛,就(jiu)是電(dian)池(chi)了(廢話,沒(mei)聽說(shuo)主(zhu)板能(neng)爆(bao)炸!)。這是因為鋰(li)(li)電(dian)池(chi)中的許多材料與(yu)水(shui)接觸后,可發(fa)生(sheng)劇烈的化學反(fan)應(ying)并釋放(fang)出(chu)大量熱(re)(re),導致發(fa)熱(re)(re)、燃燒。鋰(li)(li)電(dian)池(chi)正(zheng)極的二(er)氧化錳,只沾(zhan)一(yi)小滴水(shui)便可出(chu)現(xian)發(fa)熱(re)(re)現(xian)象。鋰(li)(li)電(dian)池(chi)中的氯化亞硫(liu)與(yu)水(shui)接觸后,在生(sheng)成(cheng)鹽(yan)酸和(he)二(er)氧化硫(liu)的同時(shi)釋放(fang)熱(re)(re)能(neng)。明(ming)白了道(dao)理,防范(fan)方法也很簡單了,只要(yao)注意防水(shui)防潮就(jiu)可以了。不用(yong)的鋰(li)(li)電(dian)池(chi)產品(pin),一(yi)定要(yao)把電(dian)池(chi)取出(chu)單獨放(fang)置。冬季(ji)馬上就(jiu)要(yao)到了,從室外(wai)回來后一(yi)定要(yao)注意不要(yao)把MP3、手(shou)機等產品(pin)繼續放(fang)在衣(yi)服兜里。冷凝現(xian)象會使產品(pin)內(nei)外(wai)都變得很潮濕,要(yao)及(ji)時(shi)通風(feng)干燥。就(jiu)算電(dian)池(chi)沒(mei)問(wen)題(ti),也有可能(neng)造成(cheng)短路(lu),損壞設備。

被電池燒毀的褲子
有(you)些(xie)網友(you)也許(xu)要問(wen)(wen),可以(yi)邊充(chong)電(dian)邊看電(dian)影嗎?這(zhe)個問(wen)(wen)題(ti)不能一(yi)概(gai)而論。一(yi)些(xie)產(chan)品的AC電(dian)路和(he)電(dian)池電(dian)路分開設計,邊使用(yong)邊充(chong)電(dian)完全(quan)(quan)沒問(wen)(wen)題(ti)。但(dan)有(you)的就不可以(yi),如(ru)果(guo)說明(ming)書(shu)中沒有(you)寫(xie)明(ming),為了安全(quan)(quan)起見,最好(hao)還是咨詢客服(fu)吧。
鋰電池小常識
鋰電池(chi)是由鋰金屬(shu)或(huo)鋰合金為負極(ji)材(cai)料、使用非水電解質溶液的電池(chi)。反(fan)映(ying)過程為:
Li+MnO2=LiMnO2該反應為(wei)氧化還原反應,放電(dian)。
鋰電池(chi)雖(sui)然近年才得以廣泛應用(yong),但它的歷(li)史很長。第一塊鋰電池(chi)是由(you)大(da)發(fa)明家(jia)愛迪(di)生發(fa)明的。由(you)于鋰金屬(shu)非常(chang)活潑,對制造工藝提(ti)出很高的要求。早期(qi)只使用(yong)在(zai)航(hang)空航(hang)天或者軍事領域,隨著制造工藝的提(ti)升,才得以在(zai)民(min)用(yong)設備(bei)上推(tui)廣。
