怎樣購買鎳氫電池充電器?
數碼相機的迅速普及在無形中也帶動了鎳氫充電電池的高速發展。由于數碼相機的工作電流普遍較大,也比較耗電,普通的堿性電池已經難以長時間勝任數碼相機的動力之源。而鎳氫充電電池不但容量較大,還能提供較大的工作電流,又能重復使用且環保,自然而然地成為了大部分數碼相機玩家首選的能源。
綜觀鎳氫電池市場,與原裝充電器搭(da)配銷(xiao)售的(de)套裝電(dian)池(chi)工作穩定,但價格(ge)(ge)較高,因此不少玩家(jia)都把目光瞄準了價格(ge)(ge)相對較低的(de)零售電(dian)池(chi)或價格(ge)(ge)更為(wei)便宜的(de)工業包(bao)裝電(dian)池(chi)--這些電(dian)池(chi)都沒有(you)充(chong)電(dian)器搭(da)配銷(xiao)售。另(ling)外(wai),一部(bu)分(fen)玩家(jia)電(dian)池(chi)使用量較大,一個(ge)充(chong)電(dian)器已經(jing)不能滿足日(ri)常需(xu)求,所以另(ling)行購(gou)買電(dian)池(chi)充(chong)電(dian)器是必要的(de)。因而如何(he)去選擇讓自己滿意的(de)鎳氫電(dian)池(chi)充(chong)電(dian)器便成了重要的(de)事(shi)情。
劣質(zhi)充(chong)電器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)危害(hai): 一(yi)個(ge)充(chong)電器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)價(jia)格一(yi)般(ban)都在幾十元到數(shu)百元之間,比(bi)起數(shu)碼相機(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)價(jia)格來(lai)(lai)說真是顯得有些微不足(zu)道。但(dan)這(zhe)個(ge)小(xiao)(xiao)小(xiao)(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)充(chong)電器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)如果質(zhi)量不過(guo)(guo)關(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)話,給用戶帶來(lai)(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)危害(hai)卻不小(xiao)(xiao)。首先(xian),劣質(zhi)充(chong)電器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)由(you)于配件質(zhi)量不過(guo)(guo)關(guan)或(huo)電氣性(xing)能不良,自(zi)身(shen)容易(yi)出(chu)現短路、過(guo)(guo)熱燒毀等(deng)(deng)故障,輕則(ze)讓(rang)用戶損失(shi)充(chong)電器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi),重(zhong)則(ze)會引起各種災難性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)危害(hai)如火災等(deng)(deng);其次,劣質(zhi)充(chong)電器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)由(you)于輸出(chu)電流不穩定或(huo)不符合規格,會引起電池(chi)過(guo)(guo)熱、充(chong)電不完全(quan)等(deng)(deng)故障,輕則(ze)影響使用,重(zhong)則(ze)會引起電池(chi)爆炸等(deng)(deng)危險(xian)。由(you)此看(kan)來(lai)(lai),充(chong)電器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)質(zhi)量的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)好壞的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)確要引起消費者的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)注意。作(zuo)一(yi)個(ge)形象的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)比(bi)喻(yu),電池(chi)好比(bi)戰(zhan)(zhan)場上的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)士兵,而充(chong)電器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)就好比(bi)后勤部隊(dui)--要讓(rang)士兵在火線上隨時保(bao)持(chi)良好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)戰(zhan)(zhan)斗狀態(tai),后勤部隊(dui)至關(guan)重(zhong)要。下面就讓(rang)我們一(yi)步步來(lai)(lai)選購充(chong)電器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)。
充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)的(de)分類(lei):充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)通常按充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)間(jian)來分類(lei),有"快速(su)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(以下(xia)簡稱(cheng)快充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong))"和"慢(man)速(su)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(以下(xia)簡稱(cheng)慢(man)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong))"兩種。鎳氫電(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)間(jian)基本(ben)上可按下(xia)列公式(shi)計算:充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)間(jian)(小時(shi))≈效率(lv)系(xi)數(shu)×容量(liang)(mAh)÷充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(mA) 注:效率(lv)系(xi)數(shu)為1.2~1.5之(zhi)間(jian)的(de)一個不(bu)(bu)定數(shu),因不(bu)(bu)同充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)而異。
慢(man)充(chong)一般(ban)采用恒流(liu)(liu)(liu)方(fang)式充(chong)電(dian)(dian),且(qie)在電(dian)(dian)池(chi)充(chong)滿后(hou)自(zi)動轉(zhuan)為(wei)涓流(liu)(liu)(liu)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)狀態。慢(man)充(chong)的(de)優點(dian)是電(dian)(dian)路設計簡單,易(yi)于(yu)實現,價格(ge)也較(jiao)低(di);由于(yu)采用小(xiao)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)恒流(liu)(liu)(liu)充(chong)電(dian)(dian),有效地降低(di)了電(dian)(dian)池(chi)在充(chong)電(dian)(dian)過(guo)程中的(de)發熱量,對延(yan)長(chang)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)使用壽命(ming)很有好處。缺(que)點(dian)就(jiu)是充(chong)電(dian)(dian)時間太長(chang),特別是電(dian)(dian)池(chi)數量較(jiao)多的(de)情況下(xia)有點(dian)力不從心。
快充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)一般都采用(yong)脈沖大(da)電流(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電,但(dan)由于電池(chi)(chi)在大(da)電流(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電過程中會產生(sheng)極化反應,導(dao)致(zhi)電池(chi)(chi)溫度迅(xun)速(su)升高(gao),充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)滿后若(ruo)再繼續加電就(jiu)有可能發(fa)生(sheng)爆(bao)炸和(he)燃燒,所(suo)以快充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)還(huan)采用(yong)專用(yong)芯片來控(kong)(kong)制充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電過程,實(shi)時監(jian)控(kong)(kong)電池(chi)(chi)電量(liang),一旦充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)滿就(jiu)自(zi)動停止充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電,使整(zheng)個充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電過程變得安全(quan)、高(gao)效(xiao)。快充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)適合電池(chi)(chi)數(shu)量(liang)較多或心急的(de)(de)玩家。缺點便(bian)是無法(fa)避免的(de)(de)大(da)發(fa)熱量(liang),對電池(chi)(chi)壽命(ming)有一定(ding)的(de)(de)影響.價(jia)格也比(bi)慢充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)貴(gui)一些。
類型(xing):前文(wen)提到的(de)(de)(de)(de)快充(chong)和慢充(chong),也是(shi)(shi)挑選充(chong)電器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)個重(zhong)要(yao)標準。兩者比較(jiao)起(qi)來(lai),快充(chong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)缺(que)點是(shi)(shi)對電池的(de)(de)(de)(de)壽命有所影響以及價格較(jiao)高。不過(guo)在這個效率(lv)至(zhi)上的(de)(de)(de)(de)時代,快充(chong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)流(liu)行趨勢越來(lai)越明顯,因(yin)為(wei)使(shi)用快充(chong)所節省的(de)(de)(de)(de)時間遠比電池所減少的(de)(de)(de)(de)壽命來(lai)得重(zhong)要(yao)。況且現在充(chong)電電池的(de)(de)(de)(de)價格也越來(lai)越低,所以在資(zi)金允許的(de)(de)(de)(de)情況下,最好選擇快充(chong)。 (質量(liang)較(jiao)差的(de)(de)(de)(de)充(chong)電器(qi)內部構(gou)造極為(wei)簡單,電路(lu)板的(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)藝更是(shi)(shi)糟糕,因(yin)此如果是(shi)(shi)買非名牌(pai)充(chong)電器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)話,開蓋看(kan)看(kan)還是(shi)(shi)有必要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de))
外觀(guan)及(ji)內在(zai)(zai)品質(zhi):優(you)秀的(de)(de)做工(gong)在(zai)(zai)很大(da)程度上也(ye)是(shi)廠商(shang)實(shi)力的(de)(de)體現,而用(yong)料的(de)(de)質(zhi)量(liang)則是(shi)安全使用(yong)的(de)(de)保障。我們在(zai)(zai)購買(mai)時,可(ke)注意一(yi)下充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)外觀(guan)的(de)(de)光澤(ze)度、邊角(jiao)和小地(di)方(fang)的(de)(de)精細程度;掂(dian)掂(dian)分量(liang)做一(yi)下比較(jiao),一(yi)般(ban)來說(shuo)同類型(xing)產(chan)品偷工(gong)減料者重(zhong)(zhong)量(liang)相對較(jiao)輕。須要注意的(de)(de)是(shi),快充(chong)(chong)(chong)由于使用(yong)了(le)控(kong)制芯片以及(ji)開關電(dian)源(yuan),重(zhong)(zhong)量(liang)有(you)可(ke)能(neng)(neng)會比慢充(chong)(chong)(chong)輕,所以掂(dian)重(zhong)(zhong)量(liang)這種差別(bie)方(fang)法最(zui)適(shi)合于同一(yi)類型(xing)的(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)。在(zai)(zai)條件(jian)(jian)允許的(de)(de)情況下可(ke)以要求商(shang)家將充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)打開觀(guan)看內部(bu)結構(gou),看看內部(bu)電(dian)路(lu)板電(dian)子元件(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)排列、焊接(jie)工(gong)藝等(deng)方(fang)面,以確保貨真(zhen)價(jia)實(shi)。另外,最(zui)好(hao)將自己(ji)使用(yong)的(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)電(dian)池(chi)帶上,在(zai)(zai)商(shang)家處充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)30分鐘左(zuo)右,觀(guan)察一(yi)下電(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)發熱量(liang)--質(zhi)量(liang)好(hao)的(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)能(neng)(neng)夠有(you)效地(di)控(kong)制發熱量(liang),而劣(lie)質(zhi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)則有(you)可(ke)能(neng)(neng)將電(dian)池(chi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)得滾燙(tang)--這種現象特別(bie)容易出(chu)現在(zai)(zai)劣(lie)質(zhi)快充(chong)(chong)(chong)上。這樣的(de)(de)產(chan)品一(yi)定不能(neng)(neng)購買(mai)。
易用性:為了(le)日后(hou)使用更加方便,在選擇充電器時(shi)最好多(duo)考慮(lv)一下產(chan)品的易用性。
有的充電器只能為AA電池充電,而有些充電器不但能充AA電池,還可以為AAA電池充電,如果有多種型號的充電電池,可以選擇這種充電器。 常見的充電器一般可以同時為4節電池充電,手中的電池比較多,同時又不愿意為大量電池充電而長時間等待的用戶,可以選擇有6個或8個甚至更多充電插槽的充電器,當然,這類充電器的體積會大一些,不便攜帶,價格也自然會高一些。 很多充電器由于電路設計的關系,只能為偶數節電池如2節、4節電池成對地充電,這對于某些使用單個電池的用戶來說很不方便,于是市場有一些充電器在電路設計時考慮到了這一問題,它們可以為1節、3節等奇數節電池充電。在購買時建議選擇這類充電器,以便日后的使用。由于鎳氫和鎳鎘電池的結構相近,所以有的鎳氫電池充電器在(zai)設計時還考慮到了(le)對鎳鎘(ge)電(dian)池的(de)兼容,如果想讓手(shou)中的(de)老電(dian)池再(zai)次煥發青春,這類充電(dian)器倒是一個不(bu)錯的(de)選擇。
除此以外(wai),還有(you)一(yi)個(ge)小地方(fang)要提醒大家注意,有(you)的(de)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)為方(fang)便(bian)攜帶,將(jiang)插(cha)(cha)頭與(yu)機身做在(zai)了(le)(le)一(yi)起,不(bu)過(guo)在(zai)使用(yong)時往往會在(zai)多用(yong)插(cha)(cha)線板(ban)(ban)上(shang)占(zhan)去兩個(ge)甚至(zhi)更多插(cha)(cha)座的(de)位置(zhi),對于(yu)插(cha)(cha)座比(bi)較集(ji)中的(de)朋友來說,充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)時就不(bu)得(de)不(bu)把其他(ta)的(de)插(cha)(cha)頭拔(ba)掉,很不(bu)方(fang)便(bian)。如果不(bu)想為充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)另(ling)行購買一(yi)個(ge)插(cha)(cha)線板(ban)(ban)的(de)話,就應該(gai)選擇非一(yi)體(ti)式的(de)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)了(le)(le)。
