電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)修(xiu)復雖(sui)然沒有(you)成為(wei)一(yi)個行(xing)業，但是(shi)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)修(xiu)復工作一(yi)直是(shi)存在的(de)(de)(de)(de)。不少電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)制造商對保(bao)用期以內的(de)(de)(de)(de)返退電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)采取"修(xiu)舊利舊"的(de)(de)(de)(de)發生，把通過維修(xiu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)重(zhong)新提供給用戶(hu)，以提高電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)效使用壽命，降低報(bao)廢率(lv)，減少電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)制造商的(de)(de)(de)(de)部分理索(suo)賠的(de)(de)(de)(de)損失。這些修(xiu)復方法為(wei)：

1、重新配組
電池返退以后，電池制造商重新進行(xing)充(chong)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)檢驗，在檢驗中(zhong)往(wang)往(wang)會發現有50％以(yi)上的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)不(bu)符合返退(tui)條件的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)。其原因也就是(shi)在串連電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)組中(zhong)，個別的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)落(luo)后形成整組電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)功能下降而(er)引起整組返退(tui)。

2、補水
鑒于(yu)部分電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)制(zhi)造(zao)商(shang)還是(shi)采(cai)用低銻合金(jin)的(de)板(ban)柵(zha)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)失水(shui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平比較低，加(jia)上最高(gao)(gao)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)高(gao)(gao)于(yu)析(xi)氫電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)失水(shui)更加(jia)嚴重，形成了(le)(le)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)第一(yi)位的(de)失效原(yuan)因。對(dui)此，一(yi)些電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)制(zhi)造(zao)商(shang)有(you)(you)意(yi)的(de)改造(zao)了(le)(le)蓋板(ban)，并且在排氣閥下部設(she)立(li)了(le)(le)螺裝(zhuang)結構，為(wei)(wei)打開電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)形成了(le)(le)方便(bian)條件，這樣，有(you)(you)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)制(zhi)造(zao)商(shang)開展電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)補(bu)(bu)水(shui)工作。對(dui)使用了(le)(le)半年的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)進行一(yi)次補(bu)(bu)水(shui)，可以延長電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)使用壽命，延長時間(jian)平均達(da)到3個(ge)月以上。應該注(zhu)意(yi)的(de)是(shi)，每次補(bu)(bu)水(shui)以后，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)都利用處(chu)于(yu)過(guo)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)狀態(tai)(tai)把電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)由"準(zhun)貧液(ye)"轉為(wei)(wei)"貧液(ye)"狀態(tai)(tai)，而(er)這個(ge)過(guo)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)對(dui)提高(gao)(gao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)容量是(shi)有(you)(you)好處(chu)的(de)。

3、消除硫化
采用專(zhuan)門的(de)設備(bei)，對電池進(jin)行消除硫(liu)化的(de)處(chu)理(li)。這里主要有(you)(you)2種(zhong)方(fang)(fang)法，其一就是(shi)高電壓大電流(liu)脈沖(chong)充電，通過負阻擊穿消除硫(liu)化。這種(zhong)方(fang)(fang)法速度快，見效快，但是(shi)對電池的(de)壽命(ming)影響比(bi)較大。另外的(de)方(fang)(fang)法就是(shi)采用小(xiao)電流(liu)頻(pin)率高達(da)8KHz以(yi)(yi)(yi)上，利(li)用大結(jie)晶諧振(zhen)的(de)方(fang)(fang)法來溶解，這種(zhong)方(fang)(fang)法修復比(bi)較慢(man)，修復效果(guo)也比(bi)較好，但是(shi)，修復時間比(bi)較長，往(wang)往(wang)在120小(xiao)時以(yi)(yi)(yi)上。實(shi)際測試(shi)數據表(biao)明(ming)，對于補水以(yi)(yi)(yi)后沒有(you)(you)達(da)到(dao)60％補充容(rong)量(liang)(liang)的(de)電池進(jin)行除硫(liu)處(chu)理(li)，還有(you)(you)約2/3的(de)電池可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)達(da)到(dao)60％以(yi)(yi)(yi)上的(de)容(rong)量(liang)(liang)，甚至還有(you)(you)35％以(yi)(yi)(yi)上的(de)電池的(de)容(rong)量(liang)(liang)可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)達(da)到(dao)80％以(yi)(yi)(yi)上的(de)容(rong)量(liang)(liang)。

4、采取類似電霸、保護器(qi)類的脈沖發生器(qi)并聯在(zai)電池(chi)上，對(dui)電池(chi)進行脈沖維(wei)護。這種(zhong)方法對(dui)修復電池(chi)比(bi)較(jiao)慢，但是由于(yu)長年(nian)在(zai)維(wei)修，所(suo)以，如果沒有過(guo)放電，對(dui)于(yu)連續使用(yong)的電池(chi)來說，往往是徹(che)底消(xiao)除了電池(chi)硫(liu)化(hua)的可(ke)能性。

5、綜合修復方法
如果對電池采用定期檢驗，及時除硫和補水，單只電池充電、重新配組。采取這些做法以后，電池的(de)(de)(de)(de)平均(jun)壽命會大(da)大(da)提高。定期檢修的(de)(de)(de)(de)意義比較大(da)，不要等電池(chi)(chi)由于失(shi)水(shui)和(he)硫化的(de)(de)(de)(de)影響(xiang)，損(sun)傷(shang)正極板(ban)以后再修復。這樣，可以大(da)大(da)延長電池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)壽命。而一(yi)旦電池(chi)(chi)出現嚴重的(de)(de)(de)(de)失(shi)水(shui)和(he)硫化以后，對正極板(ban)的(de)(de)(de)(de)損(sun)傷(shang)相對也比較大(da)。所以，應該在對正極板(ban)損(sun)傷(shang)以前久對電池(chi)(chi)進(jin)行適當(dang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)維修。采(cai)取(qu)防(fang)患于未然的(de)(de)(de)(de)檢修的(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)法比亡羊補牢(lao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)法更(geng)加有效(xiao)。