核心提示： “鋰電池放電放得越盡，電池的損耗就會越大，”艾克郎大學，幫助美國太空總署NASA研究延長電池壽命的電子工程教授Tom Hartley，說到，“給電池充電充得越滿，電池的損耗也會越大。鋰電池最好是處于電量的中間狀態，那樣的話電池壽命最長。”
　　淺談鋰電(dian)池(chi)放電(dian)的誤(wu)區

　　“鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)放電(dian)(dian)放得(de)越(yue)盡(jin)，電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)損耗(hao)就會(hui)越(yue)大，”艾克郎大學，幫助(zhu)美國太空(kong)總署NASA研究(jiu)延長(chang)(chang)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)壽命的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)子工(gong)程教(jiao)授Tom Hartley，說到(dao)，“給電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)充(chong)得(de)越(yue)滿，電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)損耗(hao)也會(hui)越(yue)大。鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)最好是處于電(dian)(dian)量的(de)(de)中間狀態(tai)，那樣的(de)(de)話(hua)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)壽命最長(chang)(chang)。”

　　首先，過(guo)高和過(guo)低的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)狀態(tai)對鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)壽命(ming)有最不利的(de)影響，而充放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)循環次數反(fan)而是次要 的(de)。其實(shi)，大多數售賣電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器或電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)上(shang)標識(shi)的(de)可反(fan)復充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)次數，都是以(yi)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)百分(fen)(fen)之80為基準測試得出的(de)。實(shi)驗表(biao)明，對于一些(xie)筆(bi)記本電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)腦的(de)鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)，經常讓(rang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓 超過(guo)標準電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓0.1伏(fu)特，即從4.1伏(fu)上(shang)升到4.2伏(fu)，那么電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)壽命(ming)會減半，再(zai)提高0.1伏(fu)，則(ze)(ze)壽命(ming)減為原來的(de)3分(fen)(fen)之一;長期(qi)低電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)或者無電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)的(de)狀態(tai)則(ze)(ze) 會使電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)內部對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子移(yi)動的(de)阻力(li)越來越大，于是導致電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)容量(liang)變小。美國宇航局NASA讓(rang)其哈勃太空望(wang)遠鏡上(shang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)消耗電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)設定在總容量(liang)的(de)百分(fen)(fen)之10，以(yi)確(que)保 電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)可以(yi)反(fan)復充放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)10萬(wan)次而不必更新。

　　其(qi)次，溫度對(dui)鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)池壽命也有較(jiao)大的影響(手(shou)機(ji)和其(qi)他小型電(dian)(dian)(dian)子設備對(dui)此點可(ke)忽略)。冰(bing)點以下的環(huan)(huan)境有可(ke)能使鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)池在電(dian)(dian)(dian)子產品打開(kai)的瞬間燒毀，而過熱(re)的 環(huan)(huan)境則(ze)會(hui)縮減電(dian)(dian)(dian)池的容(rong)量(liang)。因(yin)此，如果(guo)筆電(dian)(dian)(dian)長期使用(yong)外接電(dian)(dian)(dian)源也不將(jiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池取下來(lai)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)池就長期處(chu)于筆記本(ben)排出的高熱(re)當中，更主(zhu)要的是，電(dian)(dian)(dian)池長期處(chu)于百分之100 的電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)狀態，很快(kuai)就會(hui)報廢。

　　由以(yi)上，我們可以(yi)總結出以(yi)下幾點確保鋰電池容(rong)量和(he)壽命的(de)注意事項：

　　目前大多數電(dian)(dian)(dian)子產品的電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)都采(cai)用鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)，鋰離子電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)自1990年問世以(yi)來，因其卓(zhuo)越的性能得到(dao)了迅(xun)猛的發展，并廣泛地(di)應用于(yu)社會，鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)生產商也因此得到(dao)了最大規模的發展。不需要(yao)將鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)充(chong)(chong)到(dao)百分之100滿電(dian)(dian)(dian)，更不要(yao)將電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)使用殆盡(jin)。在(zai)(zai)情況允許的情況下，盡(jin)量(liang)使電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)維(wei)持在(zai)(zai)半滿狀態附近，充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)與放電(dian)(dian)(dian)的幅度(du)越小越好;

　　通用Chevy Volt電(dian)(dian)(dian)動車的出(chu)廠設(she)計就是(shi)強制(zhi)將電(dian)(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)(dian)量維(wei)持在(zai)20%至80%，而蘋果(guo)筆電(dian)(dian)(dian)的內置電(dian)(dian)(dian)池可能也是(shi)運用了(le)這一(yi)方法(包(bao)括其他一(yi)些筆電(dian)(dian)(dian)和(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)子產品)，讓(rang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池的可充放電(dian)(dian)(dian)周(zhou)期數增加。

　　不要將鋰電池(尤其是筆記本鋰電池)長期在設備使用外接電源、充電器的情況下工作(zuo)。就算您的筆記(ji)本(ben)散熱良好，長期百(bai)分(fen)之100的電量就等于對(dui)鋰電池的謀(mou)殺。

　　1. 如果你(ni)(ni)長(chang)期用外(wai)接電(dian)(dian)(dian)源為筆記本電(dian)(dian)(dian)腦供電(dian)(dian)(dian)，或者電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)量已經超過80%，馬上取下你(ni)(ni)筆記本的電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)、平(ping)時(shi)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)不需將(jiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)充(chong)滿，充(chong)至80%左右即(ji)可;調整操作系(xi)統的電(dian)(dian)(dian)源選項，將(jiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)量警報調至20%以上，平(ping)時(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)量最(zui)低不要低于20%，在下降到20%以前即(ji)要進(jin)行充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian);

　　2. 手(shou)機等(deng)小型電(dian)(dian)子(zi)設備，充(chong)好(hao)電(dian)(dian)了就應立刻斷開電(dian)(dian)源線(xian)(包括(kuo)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)功能的(de)USB接(jie)口)，一直接(jie)著會損害電(dian)(dian)池(chi);要經常(chang)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)，記起來就充(chong)，但(dan)不必非得把電(dian)(dian)池(chi)充(chong)滿;

　　3. 無論是對筆記(ji)本(ben)還是手機(ji)等，都一定不要讓電池(chi)耗(hao)盡;

　　4. 如果要外出旅行，用電池充電器充(chong)滿吧，但請(qing)記得(de)在條件允許(xu)的情況(kuang)下隨時(shi)為電(dian)器(qi)充(chong)電(dian)，為了電(dian)池(chi)壽命(ming)，一定(ding)不要等到電(dian)池(chi)放干(gan)。