核心提示： “鋰電池放電放得越盡，電池的損耗就會越大，”艾克郎大學，幫助美國太空總署NASA研究延長電池壽命的電子工程教授Tom Hartley，說到，“給電池充電充得越滿，電池的損耗也會越大。鋰電池最好是處于電量的中間狀態，那樣的話電池壽命最長。”
　　淺談(tan)鋰電(dian)池放電(dian)的(de)誤(wu)區(qu)

　　“鋰電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)放電(dian)(dian)放得越(yue)(yue)盡，電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)損(sun)耗(hao)(hao)就(jiu)會越(yue)(yue)大，”艾克郎大學(xue)，幫助美國(guo)太空(kong)總(zong)署NASA研究(jiu)延長電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)壽命(ming)的(de)電(dian)(dian)子工程(cheng)教授Tom Hartley，說到，“給電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)充電(dian)(dian)充得越(yue)(yue)滿(man)，電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)損(sun)耗(hao)(hao)也會越(yue)(yue)大。鋰電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)最好是處于電(dian)(dian)量(liang)的(de)中(zhong)間狀態，那樣的(de)話電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)壽命(ming)最長。”

　　首(shou)先，過(guo)(guo)高和過(guo)(guo)低(di)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)狀態對(dui)鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)壽命有(you)最不(bu)利的(de)影(ying)響，而充(chong)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)循環次(ci)數反(fan)而是(shi)次(ci)要 的(de)。其實，大多數售(shou)賣電(dian)(dian)(dian)器或(huo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)上標(biao)識的(de)可反(fan)復充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)次(ci)數，都是(shi)以(yi)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)百(bai)分之(zhi)80為(wei)(wei)基準(zhun)測試得出的(de)。實驗(yan)表明，對(dui)于一(yi)些筆記本電(dian)(dian)(dian)腦的(de)鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)，經(jing)常(chang)讓電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓 超過(guo)(guo)標(biao)準(zhun)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓0.1伏特(te)，即從4.1伏上升到4.2伏，那么電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)壽命會減(jian)半，再提高0.1伏，則(ze)壽命減(jian)為(wei)(wei)原來的(de)3分之(zhi)一(yi);長期低(di)電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)或(huo)者無電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)的(de)狀態則(ze) 會使電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)內(nei)部對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)子移動的(de)阻力越來越大，于是(shi)導(dao)致電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)容(rong)量(liang)變小。美(mei)國宇航局NASA讓其哈勃太空望(wang)遠(yuan)鏡上電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)消耗(hao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)設定(ding)在總容(rong)量(liang)的(de)百(bai)分之(zhi)10，以(yi)確保 電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)可以(yi)反(fan)復充(chong)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)10萬次(ci)而不(bu)必(bi)更(geng)新。

　　其(qi)次，溫度對鋰(li)電池壽命也(ye)有較大的(de)影響(手機和其(qi)他小型電子設(she)備對此點可忽略)。冰點以下(xia)的(de)環境(jing)有可能使(shi)鋰(li)電池在電子產品打開的(de)瞬間燒毀，而過熱(re)(re)的(de) 環境(jing)則會(hui)(hui)縮減電池的(de)容(rong)量(liang)。因(yin)此，如果筆電長(chang)期使(shi)用外接電源也(ye)不(bu)將電池取下(xia)來(lai)，電池就長(chang)期處于(yu)筆記本(ben)排出的(de)高熱(re)(re)當(dang)中(zhong)，更主要(yao)的(de)是，電池長(chang)期處于(yu)百(bai)分之100 的(de)電量(liang)狀態，很(hen)快就會(hui)(hui)報廢。

　　由以上，我們可(ke)以總結出以下幾點確(que)保鋰電池(chi)容量和壽(shou)命的注意事項：

　　目前(qian)大多數電(dian)(dian)(dian)子產品的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)都采用(yong)鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)，鋰(li)離子電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)自(zi)1990年問世以來，因(yin)其卓越的(de)(de)性(xing)能得到(dao)(dao)了(le)迅猛的(de)(de)發展，并廣泛地(di)應(ying)用(yong)于社會，鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)生產商也因(yin)此得到(dao)(dao)了(le)最(zui)大規模的(de)(de)發展。不(bu)需要將鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)充到(dao)(dao)百(bai)分之100滿(man)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，更不(bu)要將電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)使用(yong)殆盡(jin)(jin)。在(zai)情況(kuang)(kuang)允許(xu)的(de)(de)情況(kuang)(kuang)下，盡(jin)(jin)量(liang)使電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)維持在(zai)半滿(man)狀態附近，充電(dian)(dian)(dian)與(yu)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)幅度越小(xiao)越好;

　　通用Chevy Volt電動車的出廠設計(ji)就是強(qiang)制將電池(chi)電量維(wei)持在20%至80%，而蘋(pin)果筆(bi)電的內(nei)置電池(chi)可(ke)能也是運用了這(zhe)一方法(包括(kuo)其他一些筆(bi)電和電子產品)，讓電池(chi)的可(ke)充(chong)放電周(zhou)期數(shu)增(zeng)加。

　　不要將鋰電池(尤其是筆記本鋰電池)長期在設備使用外接電源、充電器的(de)(de)情況下工(gong)作。就算您的(de)(de)筆記本散熱良(liang)好(hao)，長期百分之100的(de)(de)電量就等于對鋰電池的(de)(de)謀殺。

　　1. 如果你長期(qi)用(yong)外接電(dian)源為(wei)筆記本(ben)電(dian)腦(nao)供(gong)電(dian)，或者電(dian)池電(dian)量(liang)已經(jing)超過80%，馬上(shang)取(qu)下你筆記本(ben)的(de)電(dian)池、平時充(chong)電(dian)不需將電(dian)池充(chong)滿，充(chong)至(zhi)80%左(zuo)右即可;調(diao)整(zheng)操(cao)作系(xi)統(tong)的(de)電(dian)源選項，將電(dian)量(liang)警報(bao)調(diao)至(zhi)20%以(yi)上(shang)，平時電(dian)池電(dian)量(liang)最低不要低于20%，在下降(jiang)到(dao)20%以(yi)前即要進(jin)行(xing)充(chong)電(dian);

　　2. 手機(ji)等小型電(dian)(dian)子(zi)設(she)備(bei)，充(chong)(chong)好電(dian)(dian)了就(jiu)(jiu)應立(li)刻斷(duan)開(kai)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)線(xian)(包括(kuo)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)功(gong)能的USB接(jie)口(kou))，一直接(jie)著(zhu)會(hui)損害(hai)電(dian)(dian)池(chi);要經常充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)，記(ji)起來就(jiu)(jiu)充(chong)(chong)，但不必(bi)非(fei)得(de)把電(dian)(dian)池(chi)充(chong)(chong)滿(man);

　　3. 無(wu)論是(shi)(shi)對筆(bi)記本還(huan)是(shi)(shi)手機(ji)等，都一定不要讓電(dian)池耗盡(jin);

　　4. 如果要外出旅行，用電池充電器充滿吧(ba)，但(dan)請記得(de)在條件允許的情(qing)況(kuang)下隨時為(wei)電(dian)器充電(dian)，為(wei)了電(dian)池壽命(ming)，一定不要等(deng)到電(dian)池放(fang)干。