核心提示： “鋰電池放電放得越盡，電池的損耗就會越大，”艾克郎大學，幫助美國太空總署NASA研究延長電池壽命的電子工程教授Tom Hartley，說到，“給電池充電充得越滿，電池的損耗也會越大。鋰電池最好是處于電量的中間狀態，那樣的話電池壽命最長。”
　　淺談(tan)鋰電池放(fang)電的誤區(qu)

　　“鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)放得(de)越盡，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)損耗就會越大(da)(da)，”艾(ai)克郎(lang)大(da)(da)學，幫助美(mei)國(guo)太空總署NASA研究延長(chang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)壽(shou)命的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子工(gong)程(cheng)教授(shou)Tom Hartley，說(shuo)到，“給電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)充得(de)越滿，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)損耗也會越大(da)(da)。鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)最(zui)好是處于電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量的(de)中間(jian)狀態，那樣的(de)話電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)壽(shou)命最(zui)長(chang)。”

　　首(shou)先(xian)，過高和過低的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)狀(zhuang)態對(dui)鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)壽(shou)命(ming)有(you)最不利的(de)影響，而充(chong)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)循環次(ci)數反而是(shi)(shi)次(ci)要 的(de)。其實，大多數售賣電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器或電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)上(shang)標識的(de)可(ke)反復充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)次(ci)數，都是(shi)(shi)以放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)百(bai)分之80為基準測試得出的(de)。實驗表明，對(dui)于(yu)一些筆記本電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)腦的(de)鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)，經常讓(rang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓 超過標準電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓0.1伏(fu)特，即從4.1伏(fu)上(shang)升到4.2伏(fu)，那么電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)壽(shou)命(ming)會減半(ban)，再提高0.1伏(fu)，則壽(shou)命(ming)減為原來(lai)的(de)3分之一;長期低電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)或者無電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)狀(zhuang)態則 會使電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)內部對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子移(yi)動的(de)阻力(li)越來(lai)越大，于(yu)是(shi)(shi)導致電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)容量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)變小。美國宇航局(ju)NASA讓(rang)其哈勃太空望遠(yuan)鏡上(shang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)消耗電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)設定(ding)在總容量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)百(bai)分之10，以確保 電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)可(ke)以反復充(chong)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)10萬(wan)次(ci)而不必更新。

　　其次，溫(wen)度對鋰電(dian)池壽命也有較大的(de)影響(手機和其他小型電(dian)子設(she)備(bei)對此點(dian)可忽略)。冰點(dian)以下的(de)環境有可能(neng)使鋰電(dian)池在(zai)電(dian)子產品打(da)開的(de)瞬間(jian)燒毀，而過熱(re)(re)的(de) 環境則會縮(suo)減電(dian)池的(de)容量。因此，如果筆電(dian)長(chang)期(qi)使用外接電(dian)源也不將電(dian)池取下來，電(dian)池就長(chang)期(qi)處于筆記(ji)本排(pai)出的(de)高(gao)熱(re)(re)當中，更主要的(de)是，電(dian)池長(chang)期(qi)處于百分之(zhi)100 的(de)電(dian)量狀態，很快(kuai)就會報廢。

　　由(you)以上，我們可以總(zong)結(jie)出以下(xia)幾(ji)點確(que)保鋰電(dian)池容量和壽命的注意(yi)事項：

　　目前大(da)多數電(dian)(dian)子產(chan)品的電(dian)(dian)池都采用鋰電(dian)(dian)池，鋰離子電(dian)(dian)池自(zi)1990年問世以來，因其卓(zhuo)越的性能(neng)得到(dao)(dao)了迅猛的發展，并(bing)廣泛地應(ying)用于社會，鋰電(dian)(dian)池生產(chan)商也因此得到(dao)(dao)了最大(da)規模的發展。不(bu)需(xu)要將鋰電(dian)(dian)池充(chong)到(dao)(dao)百(bai)分之100滿電(dian)(dian)，更不(bu)要將電(dian)(dian)量(liang)使用殆盡(jin)。在情況允許的情況下，盡(jin)量(liang)使電(dian)(dian)池的電(dian)(dian)量(liang)維持在半滿狀態附近，充(chong)電(dian)(dian)與(yu)放電(dian)(dian)的幅度越小(xiao)越好;

　　通(tong)用(yong)Chevy Volt電(dian)(dian)動車的(de)出廠設計(ji)就是強(qiang)制將電(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)量維持在20%至80%，而蘋果筆電(dian)(dian)的(de)內(nei)置電(dian)(dian)池可(ke)能也是運用(yong)了這一(yi)方法(包(bao)括其(qi)他一(yi)些(xie)筆電(dian)(dian)和電(dian)(dian)子產品(pin))，讓(rang)電(dian)(dian)池的(de)可(ke)充放(fang)電(dian)(dian)周期數增加。

　　不要將鋰電池(尤其是筆記本鋰電池)長期在設備使用外接電源、充電器的(de)情況下(xia)工作(zuo)。就(jiu)算(suan)您(nin)的(de)筆記(ji)本散熱良好，長期百(bai)分之(zhi)100的(de)電(dian)量就(jiu)等于對鋰電(dian)池的(de)謀殺(sha)。

　　1. 如果你(ni)長期用外接電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)為筆記(ji)本電(dian)(dian)腦(nao)供電(dian)(dian)，或者電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)量已經超過80%，馬上取下(xia)你(ni)筆記(ji)本的(de)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)、平時充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)不需將電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)充(chong)(chong)滿(man)，充(chong)(chong)至(zhi)80%左右即可;調(diao)整(zheng)操作系統的(de)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)選項，將電(dian)(dian)量警報調(diao)至(zhi)20%以(yi)上，平時電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)量最低不要低于(yu)20%，在下(xia)降到(dao)20%以(yi)前即要進(jin)行充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian);

　　2. 手(shou)機等(deng)小型電子設備，充(chong)好電了就(jiu)應(ying)立(li)刻斷開電源(yuan)線(包(bao)括(kuo)充(chong)電功(gong)能(neng)的USB接口)，一(yi)直(zhi)接著會(hui)損害電池;要(yao)經(jing)常充(chong)電，記起來(lai)就(jiu)充(chong)，但不必非得(de)把電池充(chong)滿;

　　3. 無論是(shi)(shi)對筆記本還是(shi)(shi)手(shou)機等，都一定不(bu)要(yao)讓電池耗盡;

　　4. 如果要外出旅行，用電池充電器充(chong)滿吧，但請記(ji)得在條件允(yun)許的情況下隨時為(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，為(wei)了電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)壽命，一定不要等到電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)放干。