核心提示： “鋰電池放電放得越盡，電池的損耗就會越大，”艾克郎大學，幫助美國太空總署NASA研究延長電池壽命的電子工程教授Tom Hartley，說到，“給電池充電充得越滿，電池的損耗也會越大。鋰電池最好是處于電量的中間狀態，那樣的話電池壽命最長。”
　　淺(qian)談鋰電(dian)池放電(dian)的(de)誤區

　　“鋰(li)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)放電(dian)放得越盡，電(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)損耗(hao)就會(hui)越大(da)，”艾克郎大(da)學，幫助美國太空總署NASA研究延長電(dian)池(chi)(chi)壽(shou)命(ming)的(de)(de)電(dian)子工程教(jiao)授(shou)Tom Hartley，說到(dao)，“給電(dian)池(chi)(chi)充電(dian)充得越滿(man)，電(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)損耗(hao)也(ye)會(hui)越大(da)。鋰(li)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)最好是處(chu)于電(dian)量(liang)的(de)(de)中間狀態，那樣的(de)(de)話電(dian)池(chi)(chi)壽(shou)命(ming)最長。”

　　首先(xian)，過(guo)高(gao)和過(guo)低(di)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)狀(zhuang)態對鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)壽(shou)命有(you)最不利的(de)影響，而充(chong)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)循(xun)環次數反而是次要(yao) 的(de)。其(qi)實，大多數售(shou)賣電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器或電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池上(shang)(shang)標識的(de)可反復充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)次數，都(dou)是以放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)百(bai)分(fen)之80為基準(zhun)測(ce)試(shi)得(de)出的(de)。實驗表明，對于一(yi)些筆記本電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)腦的(de)鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池，經常讓(rang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya) 超過(guo)標準(zhun)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)0.1伏(fu)特，即(ji)從4.1伏(fu)上(shang)(shang)升(sheng)到(dao)4.2伏(fu)，那(nei)么(me)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)壽(shou)命會(hui)減(jian)半，再提高(gao)0.1伏(fu)，則壽(shou)命減(jian)為原來的(de)3分(fen)之一(yi);長(chang)期(qi)低(di)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)或者無(wu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)的(de)狀(zhuang)態則 會(hui)使電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池內部對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子移動(dong)的(de)阻(zu)力越來越大，于是導(dao)致電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池容量(liang)(liang)變(bian)小。美國宇(yu)航局NASA讓(rang)其(qi)哈勃太空望(wang)遠鏡上(shang)(shang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)消耗電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)設定在總容量(liang)(liang)的(de)百(bai)分(fen)之10，以確(que)保 電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池可以反復充(chong)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)10萬次而不必更新。

　　其次，溫度對鋰電池(chi)壽(shou)命也有較(jiao)大(da)的(de)影響(xiang)(手機和(he)其他(ta)小型電子設備(bei)對此(ci)點可(ke)忽略)。冰點以下的(de)環境有可(ke)能使鋰電池(chi)在電子產品(pin)打開的(de)瞬間(jian)燒毀(hui)，而過熱(re)的(de) 環境則會縮(suo)減電池(chi)的(de)容量(liang)。因此(ci)，如果(guo)筆電長(chang)期(qi)使用外(wai)接(jie)電源也不(bu)將電池(chi)取下來(lai)，電池(chi)就(jiu)(jiu)長(chang)期(qi)處(chu)于筆記(ji)本排出的(de)高(gao)熱(re)當(dang)中，更主要的(de)是，電池(chi)長(chang)期(qi)處(chu)于百分之(zhi)100 的(de)電量(liang)狀態，很快就(jiu)(jiu)會報廢。

　　由以上，我們可以總結(jie)出以下(xia)幾點(dian)確保鋰電池容量(liang)和(he)壽命的注意事項(xiang)：

　　目前大(da)多數電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)產(chan)品(pin)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)都采用鋰(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)，鋰(li)(li)離子(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)自(zi)1990年問世以來(lai)，因其卓(zhuo)越的性能(neng)得到了迅猛(meng)的發展(zhan)，并(bing)廣泛(fan)地應用于社會，鋰(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)生產(chan)商也因此得到了最大(da)規模(mo)的發展(zhan)。不需要將(jiang)鋰(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)充到百(bai)分之100滿電(dian)(dian)(dian)，更不要將(jiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)使用殆盡。在情(qing)況(kuang)允許的情(qing)況(kuang)下(xia)，盡量(liang)(liang)使電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)維持在半滿狀態附近，充電(dian)(dian)(dian)與(yu)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)的幅度越小越好(hao);

　　通用Chevy Volt電(dian)動車的(de)出廠(chang)設計就是強(qiang)制將電(dian)池電(dian)量(liang)維持(chi)在(zai)20%至80%，而蘋果筆電(dian)的(de)內置(zhi)電(dian)池可能也是運(yun)用了這一方(fang)法(包括其他一些筆電(dian)和電(dian)子(zi)產品)，讓(rang)電(dian)池的(de)可充放電(dian)周期數(shu)增加(jia)。

　　不要將鋰電池(尤其是筆記本鋰電池)長期在設備使用外接電源、充電器的(de)情況(kuang)下工作。就(jiu)算您(nin)的(de)筆記本散熱良好(hao)，長(chang)期百分之(zhi)100的(de)電(dian)量就(jiu)等于(yu)對鋰(li)電(dian)池的(de)謀殺。

　　1. 如(ru)果你長(chang)期用外(wai)接(jie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源為筆(bi)記本(ben)電(dian)(dian)(dian)腦供電(dian)(dian)(dian)，或者電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)已經(jing)超(chao)過80%，馬(ma)上(shang)取下(xia)你筆(bi)記本(ben)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)、平時充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)不需將電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)充(chong)滿，充(chong)至80%左右即(ji)可;調(diao)整(zheng)操(cao)作系(xi)統的電(dian)(dian)(dian)源選項，將電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)警(jing)報調(diao)至20%以上(shang)，平時電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)最低不要(yao)低于20%，在(zai)下(xia)降(jiang)到(dao)20%以前即(ji)要(yao)進行充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian);

　　2. 手機等小(xiao)型電(dian)(dian)子(zi)設備(bei)，充(chong)(chong)好電(dian)(dian)了就(jiu)應(ying)立(li)刻斷開電(dian)(dian)源線(包括充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)功能的(de)USB接口)，一直接著會損害電(dian)(dian)池(chi);要經常充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)，記起來(lai)就(jiu)充(chong)(chong)，但不必非得把(ba)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)充(chong)(chong)滿;

　　3. 無論是對筆記本還是手機等，都一定不要讓電(dian)池耗盡;

　　4. 如果要外出旅行，用電池充電器充滿(man)吧，但請記得在條件允(yun)許的情況(kuang)下隨時(shi)為(wei)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)充電(dian)(dian)，為(wei)了電(dian)(dian)池壽命，一定不要等到電(dian)(dian)池放干。