核心提示： “鋰電池放電放得越盡，電池的損耗就會越大，”艾克郎大學，幫助美國太空總署NASA研究延長電池壽命的電子工程教授Tom Hartley，說到，“給電池充電充得越滿，電池的損耗也會越大。鋰電池最好是處于電量的中間狀態，那樣的話電池壽命最長。”
　　淺談鋰(li)電池(chi)放電的誤(wu)區(qu)

　　“鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)放得越(yue)盡(jin)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)損(sun)耗就會越(yue)大，”艾克郎大學，幫助美國太空(kong)總署NASA研究延長電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)壽(shou)命(ming)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)工(gong)程教授Tom Hartley，說到，“給電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)充得越(yue)滿，電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)損(sun)耗也會越(yue)大。鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)最好是處(chu)于電(dian)(dian)(dian)量的(de)中間狀(zhuang)態，那(nei)樣的(de)話電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)壽(shou)命(ming)最長。”

　　首先，過高和過低的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)狀態(tai)對(dui)鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)壽命(ming)有最不(bu)(bu)利(li)的(de)(de)(de)影響，而(er)充放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)循環次(ci)(ci)數(shu)(shu)反(fan)(fan)而(er)是次(ci)(ci)要 的(de)(de)(de)。其(qi)實，大(da)多數(shu)(shu)售賣電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器或(huo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)上標識的(de)(de)(de)可反(fan)(fan)復充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)次(ci)(ci)數(shu)(shu)，都是以(yi)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)百分(fen)之80為(wei)基(ji)準測試得出的(de)(de)(de)。實驗表明，對(dui)于(yu)一(yi)些筆(bi)記(ji)本電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)腦(nao)的(de)(de)(de)鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)，經常讓電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya) 超過標準電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)0.1伏(fu)特(te)，即(ji)從4.1伏(fu)上升到4.2伏(fu)，那(nei)么電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)壽命(ming)會減半，再提高0.1伏(fu)，則壽命(ming)減為(wei)原(yuan)來的(de)(de)(de)3分(fen)之一(yi);長期低電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)或(huo)者無電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)狀態(tai)則 會使(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)內部對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子移動的(de)(de)(de)阻(zu)力(li)越(yue)來越(yue)大(da)，于(yu)是導致電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)容(rong)量(liang)變小。美國宇(yu)航局NASA讓其(qi)哈(ha)勃太空望遠鏡(jing)上電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)消耗電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)設定在總容(rong)量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)百分(fen)之10，以(yi)確保 電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)可以(yi)反(fan)(fan)復充放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)10萬次(ci)(ci)而(er)不(bu)(bu)必更新。

　　其次，溫度對(dui)鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)池壽(shou)命(ming)也(ye)有(you)較大的(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響(手機(ji)和其他小(xiao)型(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)子設備(bei)對(dui)此點可(ke)忽略)。冰點以下的(de)(de)(de)環境有(you)可(ke)能(neng)使鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)池在電(dian)(dian)(dian)子產品打開的(de)(de)(de)瞬(shun)間燒毀，而過熱(re)的(de)(de)(de) 環境則會(hui)縮減電(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)(de)容量。因此，如(ru)果筆(bi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)長期使用外接電(dian)(dian)(dian)源也(ye)不(bu)將電(dian)(dian)(dian)池取(qu)下來(lai)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)池就長期處于筆(bi)記(ji)本排出的(de)(de)(de)高熱(re)當中，更主要的(de)(de)(de)是，電(dian)(dian)(dian)池長期處于百分之100 的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)量狀(zhuang)態，很快(kuai)就會(hui)報(bao)廢。

　　由以(yi)上，我們可以(yi)總結出以(yi)下幾(ji)點確保鋰電(dian)池容量和壽命(ming)的注意事項(xiang)：

　　目前(qian)大多數電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)產品(pin)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池都(dou)采用(yong)(yong)鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池，鋰(li)離子(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池自1990年問世以來，因其(qi)卓(zhuo)越的(de)(de)性能得到了迅猛的(de)(de)發(fa)展，并廣泛地應用(yong)(yong)于社(she)會(hui)，鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池生(sheng)產商也因此得到了最大規模的(de)(de)發(fa)展。不需要將鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池充(chong)到百分之100滿(man)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，更不要將電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)使用(yong)(yong)殆(dai)盡(jin)。在情(qing)況(kuang)允(yun)許的(de)(de)情(qing)況(kuang)下，盡(jin)量(liang)(liang)使電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)維(wei)持在半滿(man)狀態附近，充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)與放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)幅度越小越好(hao);

　　通用Chevy Volt電(dian)(dian)動車(che)的(de)出廠設計(ji)就是強制將電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)量維持在20%至(zhi)80%，而蘋果(guo)筆電(dian)(dian)的(de)內置電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)可(ke)(ke)能(neng)也是運用了這一方(fang)法(包括其他一些筆電(dian)(dian)和電(dian)(dian)子產(chan)品)，讓電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)可(ke)(ke)充放(fang)電(dian)(dian)周期數增(zeng)加。

　　不要將鋰電池(尤其是筆記本鋰電池)長期在設備使用外接電源、充電器的(de)情況下工作。就算(suan)您(nin)的(de)筆記本散熱良好(hao)，長期百分(fen)之100的(de)電(dian)量就等于對鋰電(dian)池(chi)的(de)謀殺。

　　1. 如果(guo)你長(chang)期用外(wai)接電(dian)(dian)(dian)源為筆記本電(dian)(dian)(dian)腦供電(dian)(dian)(dian)，或者電(dian)(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)(dian)量已經超過80%，馬(ma)上取下你筆記本的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池、平時(shi)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)不需(xu)將(jiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池充(chong)滿，充(chong)至(zhi)80%左右即(ji)可;調整操作系統的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源選項，將(jiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)量警(jing)報調至(zhi)20%以上，平時(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)(dian)量最低(di)不要低(di)于(yu)20%，在下降到20%以前即(ji)要進(jin)行充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian);

　　2. 手機等小型電(dian)子設備(bei)，充好電(dian)了就(jiu)應立刻斷(duan)開電(dian)源(yuan)線(xian)(包(bao)括充電(dian)功(gong)能的USB接口(kou))，一直接著會損害電(dian)池(chi);要(yao)經常充電(dian)，記起(qi)來(lai)就(jiu)充，但不必非(fei)得把電(dian)池(chi)充滿;

　　3. 無論是對筆記本還(huan)是手機等，都一定(ding)不要讓電池耗盡(jin);

　　4. 如果要外出旅行，用電池充電器充(chong)滿吧，但請記得在條件允(yun)許的情況下(xia)隨時為電器充(chong)電，為了電池(chi)(chi)壽命，一定不要等到電池(chi)(chi)放干。