手搖充電器：利用人力(li)

　　干電池(chi)應急(ji)充(chong)：利用1節(jie)到(dao)幾節(jie)干電池(chi)，提(ti)供應急(ji)充(chong)電，一般大概能提(ti)供十幾分鐘(zhong)的(de)電能。

按使用產品的種類分類
　　手機充電器

　　萬能充電器

　　筆記本充電(dian)器

　　電動車充電器

　　大型(xing)充(chong)電機等

　　相機充電器

　　電動玩具充電器(qi)

按使用方式分類
　　高級商務充(chong)：商務旅(lv)行充(chong)電(dian)器，充(chong)電(dian)速度(du)快而(er)且十分安(an)全，價(jia)格較一般充(chong)電(dian)器稍高；

　　座式充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器：外(wai)型獨特、新穎美觀、攜帶方便，適充(chong)(chong)容(rong)量(liang)200-3000mAH的鋰離子（LI-ION）鎳(nie)氫（NI-Mh)手機(ji)電(dian)(dian)池充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)，內置智能識別電(dian)(dian)路，能自動轉換充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器輸出極性以適用(yong)電(dian)(dian)池正(zheng)負極，充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)效果極佳，是家居/旅行(xing)時(shi)手機(ji)的理想(xiang)伴侶；

　　USB充(chong)電(dian)器(qi)：帶(dai)USB輸出接口(kou)，保給(gei)MP3/4、數碼相機等充(chong)電(dian)；

　　線(xian)式充電器：一般手機的直充；

　　車載充電(dian)器(qi)：以車上通用(yong)電(dian)源為供電(dian)裝置(zhi)的充電(dian)器(qi)。

按原材料分類
　　鎳氫鎳鎘充(chong)電器

　　鋰(li)離子電(dian)池充電(dian)器

　　鉛酸電池充電器

按級別分類
　　軍品(pin)級(ji)充(chong)電器(qi)（工(gong)業充(chong)電器(qi)）

　　民用級充(chong)電器

編輯本段組成部分
　　1、金屬(shu)外殼

　　2、輸入線、輸出(chu)線

　　3、柔性線路(lu)板、電子元器件（電容、CPU、單片(pian)機(ji)、MOS管(guan)、三極(ji)管(guan)、開(kai)關管(guan)）

編輯本段使用方法
　　一(yi)、充電常識

　　充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)是使用充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)重要步驟。適當合理(li)的(de)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)對(dui)延長電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)壽(shou)命很(hen)有(you)好(hao)處，而(er)野蠻(man)胡亂充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)將會對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)壽(shou)命有(you)很(hen)大(da)影響。鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)基本(ben)都是根據(ju)各(ge)個產品單獨封裝，互不通用的(de)，因此各(ge)個產品也提供各(ge)自的(de)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)設備，互不通用，在(zai)使用時只(zhi)要遵循各(ge)自的(de)說明書使用即可。所(suo)以本(ben)篇對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)介紹主要是指鎳鎘(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)和(he)鎳氫電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)。對(dui)鎳隔電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)和(he)鎳氫電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)有(you)兩種方式，就是我們大(da)家(jia)所(suo)熟知的(de)“快充(chong)(chong)”和(he)“慢充(chong)(chong)”。快充(chong)(chong)和(he)慢充(chong)(chong)是充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)一個重要概念(nian)，只(zhi)有(you)了解了快充(chong)(chong)和(he)慢充(chong)(chong)才能正確掌握充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)。

　　首先，快充(chong)和(he)慢(man)充(chong)是(shi)(shi)個相對(dui)的概念。有(you)人曾問，充(chong)電(dian)器充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)流有(you)200mA，是(shi)(shi)不(bu)是(shi)(shi)快充(chong)？這個答(da)案并不(bu)絕對(dui)，應該回(hui)答(da)對(dui)于某些(xie)電(dian)池來說，它是(shi)(shi)快充(chong)，而(er)對(dui)于某些(xie)電(dian)池來說，它只是(shi)(shi)慢(man)充(chong)。那我們究竟怎樣來判別快充(chong)還是(shi)(shi)慢(man)充(chong)呢？

　　例如(ru)一(yi)節5號鎳氫(qing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容量(liang)為1200mAH，而另一(yi)節則為1600mAH。把一(yi)節電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容量(liang)稱(cheng)為1C，可見1C只是(shi)(shi)一(yi)個(ge)邏輯概(gai)念，同樣(yang)的1C，并(bing)不相等。在(zai)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)，充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)小于0.1C時(shi)，稱(cheng)為涓(juan)流(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。顧名思義，是(shi)(shi)指電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)很(hen)(hen)小。一(yi)般(ban)而言，涓(juan)流(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)夠把電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池充(chong)(chong)的很(hen)(hen)足，而不傷害電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池壽命(ming)，但用涓(juan)流(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)所花的時(shi)間實在(zai)太長，因此很(hen)(hen)少單獨使用，而是(shi)(shi)和其(qi)它充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)方式(shi)結合使用。

　　充(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流在0.1C-0.2C之(zhi)間時，稱為(wei)慢速(su)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)。充(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流大于(yu)0.2C，小于(yu)0.8C則是快速(su)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)。而當充(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流大于(yu)0.8C時，稱之(zhi)為(wei)超高速(su)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)。

　　正因(yin)為1C是個邏輯概念(nian)而(er)非絕對(dui)值(zhi)，因(yin)此(ci)根據1C折(zhe)算的(de)(de)快充慢充也是一個相對(dui)值(zhi)。前面例子中提到的(de)(de)200mA充電電流對(dui)于1200mAH的(de)(de)電池(chi)(chi)來(lai)說(shuo)是慢充，而(er)對(dui)于700mAH的(de)(de)電池(chi)(chi)來(lai)說(shuo)就(jiu)是快充。

　　放電說明

編輯本段注意事項
　　充電(dian)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的記(ji)(ji)憶效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)應，當記(ji)(ji)憶效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)應逐漸累(lei)積，會(hui)使(shi)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的實際使(shi)用(yong)容量大(da)幅下(xia)降(jiang)。要減輕記(ji)(ji)憶效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)應所帶來的負(fu)作(zuo)用(yong)，一(yi)個有效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)的方法就(jiu)是放(fang)電(dian)。一(yi)般來講由于鎳鎘電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的記(ji)(ji)憶效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)應比較明顯(xian)，建議在(zai)反(fan)(fan)復(fu)充電(dian)使(shi)用(yong)5-10次(ci)后就(jiu)作(zuo)一(yi)次(ci)放(fang)電(dian)，而(er)鎳氫電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的記(ji)(ji)憶效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)應不(bu)太明顯(xian)，可以(yi)在(zai)反(fan)(fan)復(fu)充電(dian)使(shi)用(yong)20-30次(ci)后作(zuo)一(yi)次(ci)放(fang)電(dian)。在(zai)市場上銷售(shou)的一(yi)些高(gao)檔充電(dian)器自身帶有放(fang)電(dian)功能，但絕(jue)大(da)部分的中低(di)檔充電(dian)器是沒有放(fang)電(dian)功能的，這時該(gai)怎么辦呢？在(zai)了解(jie)了放(fang)電(dian)的原理(li)后，也可以(yi)自己嘗(chang)試(shi)著對電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)進行放(fang)電(dian)。

　　鎳鎘電(dian)池(chi)(chi)和(he)鎳氫電(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)標稱電(dian)壓是1.2V，但實際上，電(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)電(dian)壓是個變化(hua)的(de)值，隨著(zhu)電(dian)量是否充(chong)足，圍(wei)繞(rao)著(zhu)1.2V左(zuo)右進行波動。一般在1V-1.4V之間波動，不同品牌的(de)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)由于工藝(yi)上的(de)不盡(jin)相同，電(dian)壓波動范圍(wei)也(ye)不完全(quan)一致。

　　對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)進行放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)就(jiu)(jiu)是采用(yong)很(hen)小(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)，使(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓緩慢下降，下降到0.9V-1V之(zhi)間，就(jiu)(jiu)應該(gai)停止放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。不建議將電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)到0.9V之(zhi)下，這(zhe)樣做會造成過度放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，使(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)受到不可(ke)逆的(de)(de)(de)傷害，上(shang)一(yi)篇曾說過的(de)(de)(de)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)不適合于用(yong)在家電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)遙控器(qi)中(zhong)，就(jiu)(jiu)是因(yin)為遙控器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)使(shi)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)很(hen)小(xiao)，長時(shi)間放(fang)(fang)(fang)在遙控器(qi)中(zhong)使(shi)用(yong)很(hen)容易(yi)造成過度放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)經過一(yi)次正確的(de)(de)(de)放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)后，你會驚喜的(de)(de)(de)發現(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)容量又恢復到原(yuan)來的(de)(de)(de)水平，因(yin)此當發現(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)容量有所下降時(shi)，就(jiu)(jiu)最好作(zuo)一(yi)次放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。

　　自(zi)己(ji)對電(dian)(dian)池做放電(dian)(dian)有個簡便的(de)方法(fa)，就(jiu)是接一個小電(dian)(dian)珠作(zuo)為(wei)負載，但必須(xu)使(shi)用電(dian)(dian)表來監視電(dian)(dian)壓值(zhi)的(de)變化，以防過度(du)放電(dian)(dian)。

　　對(dui)于充(chong)(chong)電器(qi)(qi)的選(xuan)擇，究(jiu)竟是(shi)選(xuan)擇快(kuai)速充(chong)(chong)電器(qi)(qi)還是(shi)慢速恒流(liu)充(chong)(chong)電器(qi)(qi)，這主要(yao)看自己使(shi)用的側重點。例如(ru)經常外出使(shi)用數碼(ma)相(xiang)機等(deng)設備的朋友，就應該選(xuan)擇快(kuai)速充(chong)(chong)電器(qi)(qi)，以(yi)(yi)滿(man)足時間上的要(yao)求(qiu)，甚至(zhi)可以(yi)(yi)購買超高(gao)速的充(chong)(chong)電器(qi)(qi)，而只使(shi)用隨(sui)身聽等(deng)設備的朋友，恒流(liu)充(chong)(chong)電器(qi)(qi)就能滿(man)足需要(yao)

　　在掌(zhang)握(wo)了正確的(de)充放電(dian)知識后(hou)，大家(jia)一定能更好地使用(yong)自己的(de)充電(dian)電(dian)池(chi)。請大家(jia)不要拘泥于快速充電(dian)。

　　勿將手(shou)機充電器放(fang)置于潮濕(shi)或者高(gao)溫的(de)條件下(xia)，這樣減少手(shou)機充電器的(de)使用壽命。

　　在(zai)充(chong)電器的過程中會有一(yi)定的發熱現象，在(zai)正常(chang)的室溫下，只要不(bu)超過六十攝氏度屬于正常(chang)顯示，是(shi)不(bu)會損(sun)害電池。由于手機(ji)的款式和(he)充(chong)電的時間不(bu)一(yi)致，這與(yu)手機(ji)的充(chong)電器的充(chong)電性(xing)能無關。