手搖(yao)充(chong)電器：利用人力

　　干(gan)電(dian)池(chi)應急充(chong)(chong)：利(li)用1節到幾節干(gan)電(dian)池(chi)，提供應急充(chong)(chong)電(dian)，一般大(da)概能提供十幾分鐘的(de)電(dian)能。

按使用產品的種類分類
　　手機充電器

　　萬能充電器

　　筆記本充電器

　　電動車充(chong)電器

　　大型充(chong)電機(ji)等

　　相機充電器

　　電(dian)動玩具充電(dian)器

按使用方式分類
　　高級商務(wu)充：商務(wu)旅行(xing)充電器，充電速度快(kuai)而且十分安全(quan)，價格較一般充電器稍高；

　　座式(shi)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器：外(wai)型獨特、新穎美觀、攜帶方便，適充(chong)(chong)容量200-3000mAH的鋰離子（LI-ION）鎳氫(qing)（NI-Mh)手機電(dian)(dian)池充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)，內置智(zhi)能識別電(dian)(dian)路，能自動(dong)轉換充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器輸出極性以適用電(dian)(dian)池正負極，充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)效果極佳，是家居/旅行時手機的理想伴侶；

　　USB充電器：帶USB輸(shu)出(chu)接口，保給MP3/4、數碼相機等充電；

　　線式充(chong)電(dian)器：一般手(shou)機的直充(chong)；

　　車(che)載充電器：以車(che)上通用電源為(wei)供(gong)電裝置的充電器。

按原材料分類
　　鎳氫(qing)鎳鎘充電器

　　鋰(li)離子電(dian)池(chi)充電(dian)器

　　鉛(qian)酸(suan)電(dian)池充電(dian)器

按級別分類
　　軍(jun)品級充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器（工業充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器）

　　民用級充電器

編輯本段組成部分
　　1、金屬(shu)外殼(ke)

　　2、輸入線(xian)、輸出線(xian)

　　3、柔性線(xian)路(lu)板、電子元器件（電容(rong)、CPU、單(dan)片機(ji)、MOS管、三極管、開關管）

編輯本段使用方法
　　一、充電常識

　　充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)是使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)池的(de)重(zhong)要(yao)步(bu)驟。適當合理的(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)對(dui)(dui)延長電(dian)(dian)池壽命(ming)很有(you)好處，而野蠻胡亂(luan)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)將會對(dui)(dui)電(dian)(dian)池壽命(ming)有(you)很大影響。鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)池基本(ben)都是根據各(ge)(ge)個產品單獨封裝(zhuang)，互(hu)不通用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)，因(yin)此各(ge)(ge)個產品也(ye)提供各(ge)(ge)自的(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)設備，互(hu)不通用(yong)(yong)(yong)，在使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)時只要(yao)遵(zun)循各(ge)(ge)自的(de)說(shuo)明(ming)書使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)即(ji)可。所(suo)以(yi)本(ben)篇(pian)對(dui)(dui)電(dian)(dian)池充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)的(de)介(jie)紹主要(yao)是指鎳(nie)鎘電(dian)(dian)池和(he)鎳(nie)氫電(dian)(dian)池。對(dui)(dui)鎳(nie)隔電(dian)(dian)池和(he)鎳(nie)氫電(dian)(dian)池充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)有(you)兩種方式(shi)，就是我們大家所(suo)熟知的(de)“快(kuai)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)”和(he)“慢(man)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)”。快(kuai)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)和(he)慢(man)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)是充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)的(de)一個重(zhong)要(yao)概念，只有(you)了解了快(kuai)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)和(he)慢(man)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)才(cai)能(neng)正確掌握充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)。

　　首先，快(kuai)充(chong)和慢(man)充(chong)是(shi)(shi)個(ge)相對(dui)的概念(nian)。有人曾問(wen)，充(chong)電(dian)器充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)流有200mA，是(shi)(shi)不(bu)是(shi)(shi)快(kuai)充(chong)？這(zhe)個(ge)答案并不(bu)絕對(dui)，應該(gai)回答對(dui)于(yu)某(mou)些(xie)電(dian)池來說，它是(shi)(shi)快(kuai)充(chong)，而對(dui)于(yu)某(mou)些(xie)電(dian)池來說，它只是(shi)(shi)慢(man)充(chong)。那我們究竟怎樣來判別快(kuai)充(chong)還是(shi)(shi)慢(man)充(chong)呢？

　　例如一(yi)(yi)(yi)節(jie)5號鎳氫電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容量(liang)為1200mAH，而另一(yi)(yi)(yi)節(jie)則為1600mAH。把一(yi)(yi)(yi)節(jie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容量(liang)稱為1C，可見1C只是一(yi)(yi)(yi)個邏輯概念(nian)，同樣的(de)(de)1C，并(bing)不(bu)相等(deng)。在充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)，充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)小于0.1C時(shi)，稱為涓(juan)流(liu)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。顧名思義，是指電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)很小。一(yi)(yi)(yi)般而言，涓(juan)流(liu)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)夠(gou)把電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)充(chong)(chong)的(de)(de)很足(zu)，而不(bu)傷害電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)壽命，但用涓(juan)流(liu)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)所花的(de)(de)時(shi)間實在太長，因此(ci)很少單(dan)獨(du)使(shi)用，而是和(he)其它充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)方式結合使(shi)用。

　　充(chong)(chong)電(dian)電(dian)流在0.1C-0.2C之間(jian)時，稱(cheng)為(wei)慢速充(chong)(chong)電(dian)。充(chong)(chong)電(dian)電(dian)流大(da)于0.2C，小(xiao)于0.8C則是快速充(chong)(chong)電(dian)。而當(dang)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)電(dian)流大(da)于0.8C時，稱(cheng)之為(wei)超(chao)高速充(chong)(chong)電(dian)。

　　正因為1C是個邏輯(ji)概念而(er)非絕對值，因此(ci)根據1C折算(suan)的(de)(de)快(kuai)充(chong)慢充(chong)也(ye)是一個相對值。前(qian)面例子中提到的(de)(de)200mA充(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流對于1200mAH的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)池來說是慢充(chong)，而(er)對于700mAH的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)池來說就(jiu)是快(kuai)充(chong)。

　　放電說明

編輯本段注意事項
　　充電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)記(ji)憶(yi)效(xiao)應(ying)(ying)(ying)，當記(ji)憶(yi)效(xiao)應(ying)(ying)(ying)逐漸累積，會使(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)實際(ji)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)容(rong)量大幅下降(jiang)。要減輕記(ji)憶(yi)效(xiao)應(ying)(ying)(ying)所帶(dai)來的(de)(de)負作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)，一(yi)個(ge)有效(xiao)的(de)(de)方(fang)法就(jiu)是放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)。一(yi)般來講由于鎳鎘電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)記(ji)憶(yi)效(xiao)應(ying)(ying)(ying)比較明(ming)顯，建議在反(fan)復充電(dian)(dian)(dian)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)5-10次(ci)后(hou)就(jiu)作(zuo)(zuo)一(yi)次(ci)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，而鎳氫(qing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)記(ji)憶(yi)效(xiao)應(ying)(ying)(ying)不太明(ming)顯，可以(yi)在反(fan)復充電(dian)(dian)(dian)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)20-30次(ci)后(hou)作(zuo)(zuo)一(yi)次(ci)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)。在市(shi)場(chang)上銷售的(de)(de)一(yi)些高檔(dang)(dang)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)器自身(shen)帶(dai)有放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)功(gong)能(neng)，但絕(jue)大部(bu)分的(de)(de)中(zhong)低檔(dang)(dang)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)器是沒有放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)功(gong)能(neng)的(de)(de)，這時該怎么辦呢？在了解了放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)原(yuan)理后(hou)，也可以(yi)自己嘗試著對電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)進行放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)。

　　鎳鎘電(dian)池(chi)和鎳氫電(dian)池(chi)的(de)標(biao)稱電(dian)壓(ya)是(shi)(shi)1.2V，但(dan)實際上，電(dian)池(chi)的(de)電(dian)壓(ya)是(shi)(shi)個變(bian)化(hua)的(de)值，隨(sui)著電(dian)量是(shi)(shi)否充(chong)足，圍(wei)繞著1.2V左右進行波動。一般在(zai)1V-1.4V之間(jian)波動，不(bu)同(tong)品牌的(de)電(dian)池(chi)由于工藝上的(de)不(bu)盡相同(tong)，電(dian)壓(ya)波動范圍(wei)也不(bu)完全一致。

　　對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)進行(xing)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)就是采用(yong)很(hen)小的(de)(de)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流，使(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)緩慢(man)下降，下降到0.9V-1V之(zhi)間(jian)，就應該(gai)停止放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。不建議將電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)到0.9V之(zhi)下，這樣做(zuo)會(hui)造(zao)成(cheng)過度放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，使(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)受到不可逆的(de)(de)傷(shang)害，上一篇曾說過的(de)(de)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)不適合于用(yong)在(zai)家(jia)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)遙控器中(zhong)，就是因(yin)為(wei)遙控器的(de)(de)使(shi)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流很(hen)小，長時間(jian)放(fang)在(zai)遙控器中(zhong)使(shi)用(yong)很(hen)容(rong)(rong)易造(zao)成(cheng)過度放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)經過一次(ci)正確的(de)(de)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)后(hou)，你會(hui)驚喜的(de)(de)發(fa)現(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)容(rong)(rong)量(liang)又(you)恢(hui)復(fu)到原來的(de)(de)水(shui)平，因(yin)此當發(fa)現(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)容(rong)(rong)量(liang)有所下降時，就最好(hao)作一次(ci)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。

　　自己(ji)對電(dian)池做(zuo)放(fang)電(dian)有(you)個簡便的方法，就是接(jie)一(yi)個小電(dian)珠作為負載，但(dan)必須使(shi)用電(dian)表來監視電(dian)壓(ya)值的變(bian)化，以防(fang)過度放(fang)電(dian)。

　　對于充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)的選(xuan)擇，究竟是選(xuan)擇快(kuai)速(su)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)還(huan)是慢速(su)恒流(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)，這主要(yao)看自己(ji)使用(yong)(yong)的側重點(dian)。例如經常外出使用(yong)(yong)數碼相機等設備(bei)的朋(peng)友，就應該選(xuan)擇快(kuai)速(su)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)，以滿(man)足時間上的要(yao)求，甚至可以購買超高速(su)的充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)，而(er)只(zhi)使用(yong)(yong)隨身聽(ting)等設備(bei)的朋(peng)友，恒流(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)就能滿(man)足需要(yao)

　　在掌握了正確的充放(fang)電(dian)知(zhi)識后，大家一定能更(geng)好地(di)使(shi)用自己的充電(dian)電(dian)池。請(qing)大家不要(yao)拘(ju)泥于快(kuai)速充電(dian)。

　　勿將手(shou)機充(chong)電器放置于潮濕(shi)或者高溫的條件下(xia)，這樣減少手(shou)機充(chong)電器的使用壽命。

　　在充電(dian)(dian)器的(de)(de)過(guo)程中會(hui)有一定的(de)(de)發熱現象，在正(zheng)常的(de)(de)室溫下(xia)，只(zhi)要不超過(guo)六十(shi)攝氏度(du)屬于正(zheng)常顯示(shi)，是不會(hui)損害電(dian)(dian)池。由于手(shou)機的(de)(de)款式和充電(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)時間不一致，這與手(shou)機的(de)(de)充電(dian)(dian)器的(de)(de)充電(dian)(dian)性(xing)能無關。