手搖充電器：利(li)用人力

　　干(gan)電(dian)池(chi)應急充：利用1節(jie)到幾節(jie)干(gan)電(dian)池(chi)，提(ti)供(gong)應急充電(dian)，一般大概能提(ti)供(gong)十幾分鐘的電(dian)能。

按使用產品的種類分類
　　手機充電器

　　萬能充電器

　　筆記本充(chong)電器

　　電(dian)動車充電(dian)器

　　大(da)型充電(dian)機等

　　相機充電器

　　電(dian)動玩(wan)具(ju)充電(dian)器

按使用方式分類
　　高級(ji)商(shang)(shang)務充：商(shang)(shang)務旅行充電器(qi)，充電速度快而且十分安全，價格較(jiao)一般充電器(qi)稍(shao)高；

　　座(zuo)式充電器：外型獨特、新穎美觀(guan)、攜帶方便(bian)，適充容量200-3000mAH的(de)鋰離子（LI-ION）鎳氫（NI-Mh)手機(ji)電池充電，內置智能識別電路，能自動轉換(huan)充電器輸(shu)出極(ji)性以適用電池正負極(ji)，充電效果極(ji)佳，是(shi)家居/旅行時手機(ji)的(de)理想伴侶(lv)；

　　USB充(chong)電(dian)器：帶USB輸出接口(kou)，保給MP3/4、數(shu)碼相機等充(chong)電(dian)；

　　線式充電(dian)器(qi)：一般手機的直充；

　　車載充電(dian)(dian)器：以車上通用電(dian)(dian)源為供電(dian)(dian)裝置的(de)充電(dian)(dian)器。

按原材料分類
　　鎳氫鎳鎘(ge)充電(dian)器

　　鋰離子電(dian)池(chi)充電(dian)器

　　鉛酸(suan)電池充(chong)電器

按級別分類
　　軍品級充電(dian)器（工業充電(dian)器）

　　民用級充電器

編輯本段組成部分
　　1、金屬外(wai)殼

　　2、輸入(ru)線、輸出線

　　3、柔性線(xian)路板(ban)、電子元器件（電容、CPU、單(dan)片機(ji)、MOS管、三(san)極管、開關管）

編輯本段使用方法
　　一、充電常識

　　充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)是(shi)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)重(zhong)要步驟。適當合理的(de)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)對延長電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)壽命很有(you)(you)好處，而野(ye)蠻(man)胡亂充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)將會對電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)壽命有(you)(you)很大(da)影響。鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)基本(ben)都是(shi)根據各個(ge)(ge)產品單獨封裝，互不(bu)通(tong)用(yong)(yong)的(de)，因此各個(ge)(ge)產品也提供各自的(de)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)設備，互不(bu)通(tong)用(yong)(yong)，在使(shi)用(yong)(yong)時只要遵循各自的(de)說明書使(shi)用(yong)(yong)即可。所(suo)以本(ben)篇對電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)介(jie)紹主要是(shi)指(zhi)鎳(nie)鎘電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)和鎳(nie)氫(qing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)。對鎳(nie)隔電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)和鎳(nie)氫(qing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)有(you)(you)兩種方式，就是(shi)我(wo)們大(da)家所(suo)熟知的(de)“快(kuai)(kuai)充(chong)(chong)”和“慢(man)充(chong)(chong)”。快(kuai)(kuai)充(chong)(chong)和慢(man)充(chong)(chong)是(shi)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)一個(ge)(ge)重(zhong)要概(gai)念，只有(you)(you)了解(jie)了快(kuai)(kuai)充(chong)(chong)和慢(man)充(chong)(chong)才(cai)能正確掌握(wo)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)。

　　首先，快(kuai)(kuai)充(chong)(chong)(chong)和慢充(chong)(chong)(chong)是(shi)(shi)個相對(dui)(dui)的概(gai)念(nian)。有人曾(ceng)問，充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)器充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)電(dian)流有200mA，是(shi)(shi)不是(shi)(shi)快(kuai)(kuai)充(chong)(chong)(chong)？這個答案并不絕(jue)對(dui)(dui)，應該回答對(dui)(dui)于某(mou)些電(dian)池來說，它是(shi)(shi)快(kuai)(kuai)充(chong)(chong)(chong)，而對(dui)(dui)于某(mou)些電(dian)池來說，它只是(shi)(shi)慢充(chong)(chong)(chong)。那我們(men)究竟怎樣來判(pan)別快(kuai)(kuai)充(chong)(chong)(chong)還是(shi)(shi)慢充(chong)(chong)(chong)呢？

　　例如一(yi)節5號鎳氫(qing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)量為(wei)1200mAH，而(er)(er)(er)另(ling)一(yi)節則為(wei)1600mAH。把一(yi)節電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)量稱為(wei)1C，可見1C只(zhi)是(shi)一(yi)個(ge)邏輯(ji)概念(nian)，同(tong)樣的1C，并(bing)不相等。在(zai)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)，充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流小(xiao)(xiao)于(yu)0.1C時(shi)，稱為(wei)涓(juan)(juan)流充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。顧名思義，是(shi)指(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流很(hen)(hen)小(xiao)(xiao)。一(yi)般(ban)而(er)(er)(er)言(yan)，涓(juan)(juan)流充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能夠把電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)充(chong)的很(hen)(hen)足，而(er)(er)(er)不傷(shang)害(hai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)壽命，但用(yong)(yong)涓(juan)(juan)流充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)所花的時(shi)間實在(zai)太長，因(yin)此很(hen)(hen)少(shao)單獨使用(yong)(yong)，而(er)(er)(er)是(shi)和(he)其它充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)方式(shi)結合使用(yong)(yong)。

　　充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)在0.1C-0.2C之間(jian)時，稱為(wei)慢速(su)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)大于(yu)(yu)(yu)0.2C，小于(yu)(yu)(yu)0.8C則是快(kuai)速(su)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。而當充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)大于(yu)(yu)(yu)0.8C時，稱之為(wei)超高速(su)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。

　　正因為(wei)1C是(shi)個邏(luo)輯概念而(er)非絕對值(zhi)，因此根據(ju)1C折算的(de)快(kuai)充(chong)(chong)慢充(chong)(chong)也(ye)是(shi)一個相對值(zhi)。前面例(li)子(zi)中提到的(de)200mA充(chong)(chong)電電流(liu)對于(yu)1200mAH的(de)電池來說是(shi)慢充(chong)(chong)，而(er)對于(yu)700mAH的(de)電池來說就是(shi)快(kuai)充(chong)(chong)。

　　放電說明

編輯本段注意事項
　　充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)記憶效(xiao)應(ying)(ying)，當記憶效(xiao)應(ying)(ying)逐漸(jian)累(lei)積，會使(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)實際使(shi)用(yong)容量大幅下(xia)降。要減輕記憶效(xiao)應(ying)(ying)所帶(dai)來的(de)(de)負作(zuo)用(yong)，一個有(you)效(xiao)的(de)(de)方法就是放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。一般來講由于鎳鎘電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)記憶效(xiao)應(ying)(ying)比較明顯，建議在(zai)反復(fu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)使(shi)用(yong)5-10次后(hou)就作(zuo)一次放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，而鎳氫電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)記憶效(xiao)應(ying)(ying)不太(tai)明顯，可(ke)(ke)以(yi)在(zai)反復(fu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)使(shi)用(yong)20-30次后(hou)作(zuo)一次放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。在(zai)市場上(shang)銷售的(de)(de)一些(xie)高檔充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)自身帶(dai)有(you)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)功(gong)能(neng)(neng)，但絕大部分的(de)(de)中低檔充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)是沒有(you)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)功(gong)能(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)，這時(shi)該怎(zen)么辦呢？在(zai)了解了放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)原理后(hou)，也可(ke)(ke)以(yi)自己嘗試著對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)進(jin)行放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。

　　鎳鎘電(dian)(dian)池和鎳氫電(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)標稱(cheng)電(dian)(dian)壓是(shi)1.2V，但實際上(shang)，電(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)壓是(shi)個變化的(de)(de)值，隨(sui)著電(dian)(dian)量是(shi)否充足，圍(wei)(wei)繞著1.2V左右進行(xing)波動。一般在1V-1.4V之(zhi)間波動，不同品牌(pai)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)池由于工藝上(shang)的(de)(de)不盡相同，電(dian)(dian)壓波動范圍(wei)(wei)也不完全一致。

　　對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池進(jin)行放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)就(jiu)(jiu)是采(cai)用(yong)(yong)很小的(de)(de)(de)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)，使電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓緩(huan)慢下降，下降到(dao)0.9V-1V之(zhi)間(jian)，就(jiu)(jiu)應該(gai)停止放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。不建議將電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)到(dao)0.9V之(zhi)下，這樣做會造(zao)成(cheng)過度(du)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，使電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池受到(dao)不可逆的(de)(de)(de)傷害，上一篇(pian)曾(ceng)說過的(de)(de)(de)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池不適合于(yu)用(yong)(yong)在家電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)遙(yao)控器中(zhong)(zhong)，就(jiu)(jiu)是因為遙(yao)控器的(de)(de)(de)使用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)很小，長時間(jian)放(fang)在遙(yao)控器中(zhong)(zhong)使用(yong)(yong)很容易造(zao)成(cheng)過度(du)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池經過一次正確(que)的(de)(de)(de)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)后，你會驚(jing)喜(xi)的(de)(de)(de)發現(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)(de)容量(liang)又(you)恢復(fu)到(dao)原(yuan)來的(de)(de)(de)水平(ping)，因此當發現(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)(de)容量(liang)有(you)所下降時，就(jiu)(jiu)最(zui)好作(zuo)一次放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。

　　自己對電池做放(fang)電有個簡便的方法，就是接一個小電珠作為負載，但(dan)必須使用電表來(lai)監視電壓(ya)值的變化，以防(fang)過度放(fang)電。

　　對于充電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)的(de)(de)選(xuan)擇(ze)，究竟(jing)是選(xuan)擇(ze)快(kuai)速(su)(su)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)還是慢(man)速(su)(su)恒流(liu)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)，這主(zhu)要看自己(ji)使用(yong)的(de)(de)側重點。例(li)如經常外出使用(yong)數(shu)碼相機等設(she)備(bei)的(de)(de)朋(peng)友(you)，就應該(gai)選(xuan)擇(ze)快(kuai)速(su)(su)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)，以(yi)(yi)滿足時間上的(de)(de)要求，甚至(zhi)可以(yi)(yi)購買超高速(su)(su)的(de)(de)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)，而只(zhi)使用(yong)隨(sui)身聽(ting)等設(she)備(bei)的(de)(de)朋(peng)友(you)，恒流(liu)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)就能滿足需(xu)要

　　在掌握了正確的充(chong)放電知識后(hou)，大(da)家(jia)一定能更(geng)好地使(shi)用自己的充(chong)電電池。請大(da)家(jia)不要拘泥(ni)于快(kuai)速充(chong)電。

　　勿(wu)將(jiang)手機充電(dian)器放置于潮濕(shi)或者高溫(wen)的(de)條件下，這樣(yang)減(jian)少手機充電(dian)器的(de)使(shi)用壽命。

　　在充(chong)電器的過程(cheng)中會(hui)有(you)一定(ding)的發(fa)熱現(xian)象，在正常的室(shi)溫(wen)下，只(zhi)要(yao)不超(chao)過六十(shi)攝(she)氏(shi)度屬于正常顯示，是不會(hui)損害(hai)電池。由于手機(ji)的款(kuan)式和(he)充(chong)電的時間不一致，這與手機(ji)的充(chong)電器的充(chong)電性能無(wu)關。