手搖(yao)充(chong)電(dian)器：利用(yong)人(ren)力

　　干(gan)電(dian)池應急充：利用(yong)1節(jie)到幾節(jie)干(gan)電(dian)池，提供應急充電(dian)，一般大概能提供十幾分鐘的電(dian)能。

按使用產品的種類分類
　　手機充電器

　　萬能充電器

　　筆(bi)記本充電(dian)器

　　電(dian)動(dong)車(che)充電(dian)器

　　大型充(chong)電(dian)機(ji)等

　　相機充電器

　　電動玩(wan)具(ju)充電器(qi)

按使用方式分類
　　高級商(shang)(shang)務充(chong)(chong)：商(shang)(shang)務旅行充(chong)(chong)電器，充(chong)(chong)電速(su)度快而(er)且十(shi)分安(an)全，價格(ge)較一般(ban)充(chong)(chong)電器稍高；

　　座式充(chong)(chong)電(dian)器(qi)：外型獨特(te)、新穎美觀、攜(xie)帶方(fang)便(bian)，適充(chong)(chong)容量200-3000mAH的(de)鋰離子（LI-ION）鎳氫（NI-Mh)手機(ji)電(dian)池(chi)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)，內置智能識別電(dian)路，能自動轉(zhuan)換充(chong)(chong)電(dian)器(qi)輸出極(ji)性以適用電(dian)池(chi)正(zheng)負極(ji)，充(chong)(chong)電(dian)效(xiao)果極(ji)佳，是家居/旅行時(shi)手機(ji)的(de)理想伴侶；

　　USB充電器：帶USB輸出(chu)接口，保給(gei)MP3/4、數碼相機等充電；

　　線式充電器：一般手機的(de)直充；

　　車(che)載(zai)充電(dian)器(qi)：以車(che)上通(tong)用電(dian)源為供電(dian)裝置(zhi)的充電(dian)器(qi)。

按原材料分類
　　鎳氫鎳鎘(ge)充(chong)電器

　　鋰離子電池充電器

　　鉛酸電池充電器

按級別分類
　　軍品級充電器(qi)（工業(ye)充電器(qi)）

　　民用(yong)級充電(dian)器

編輯本段組成部分
　　1、金屬外殼

　　2、輸入線、輸出線

　　3、柔(rou)性線路板、電子元器件（電容、CPU、單片機(ji)、MOS管、三極管、開關(guan)管）

編輯本段使用方法
　　一、充(chong)電(dian)常識

　　充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)是(shi)(shi)使用(yong)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的重要步(bu)驟。適當合理的充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)對延長(chang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)壽命(ming)很有(you)(you)好(hao)處，而野蠻胡亂充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)將會對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)壽命(ming)有(you)(you)很大影響。鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)基本都是(shi)(shi)根據(ju)各(ge)個產品(pin)單獨封裝，互不(bu)通用(yong)的，因此各(ge)個產品(pin)也提供(gong)各(ge)自的充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)備，互不(bu)通用(yong)，在使用(yong)時只要遵循各(ge)自的說明書使用(yong)即可。所以本篇(pian)對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的介紹主(zhu)要是(shi)(shi)指鎳鎘電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)和鎳氫電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)。對鎳隔電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)和鎳氫電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)有(you)(you)兩種方式，就是(shi)(shi)我們大家所熟(shu)知的“快(kuai)充(chong)”和“慢(man)充(chong)”。快(kuai)充(chong)和慢(man)充(chong)是(shi)(shi)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的一個重要概念(nian)，只有(you)(you)了解了快(kuai)充(chong)和慢(man)充(chong)才能(neng)正確掌握充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。

　　首先，快(kuai)(kuai)充(chong)(chong)(chong)和慢充(chong)(chong)(chong)是(shi)個相對的概念。有(you)(you)人曾問，充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流有(you)(you)200mA，是(shi)不是(shi)快(kuai)(kuai)充(chong)(chong)(chong)？這(zhe)個答案并不絕(jue)對，應該回答對于(yu)某些(xie)電(dian)(dian)池來(lai)說(shuo)，它是(shi)快(kuai)(kuai)充(chong)(chong)(chong)，而對于(yu)某些(xie)電(dian)(dian)池來(lai)說(shuo)，它只是(shi)慢充(chong)(chong)(chong)。那我們究(jiu)竟怎樣(yang)來(lai)判別快(kuai)(kuai)充(chong)(chong)(chong)還是(shi)慢充(chong)(chong)(chong)呢(ni)？

　　例如(ru)一(yi)(yi)(yi)節(jie)(jie)(jie)5號鎳氫電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容量為(wei)1200mAH，而(er)(er)另一(yi)(yi)(yi)節(jie)(jie)(jie)則為(wei)1600mAH。把一(yi)(yi)(yi)節(jie)(jie)(jie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容量稱為(wei)1C，可(ke)見1C只是一(yi)(yi)(yi)個邏輯概念，同樣(yang)的(de)1C，并不相等。在充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)，充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)小(xiao)于0.1C時(shi)，稱為(wei)涓(juan)流(liu)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。顧名思義，是指(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)很小(xiao)。一(yi)(yi)(yi)般而(er)(er)言，涓(juan)流(liu)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)夠把電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池充(chong)的(de)很足，而(er)(er)不傷害電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池壽(shou)命，但用(yong)涓(juan)流(liu)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)所花(hua)的(de)時(shi)間實在太(tai)長，因此很少單獨使(shi)用(yong)，而(er)(er)是和其(qi)它(ta)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)方式(shi)結(jie)合使(shi)用(yong)。

　　充電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)在(zai)0.1C-0.2C之間時，稱為(wei)慢速(su)充電(dian)(dian)。充電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)大于(yu)0.2C，小于(yu)0.8C則是快速(su)充電(dian)(dian)。而當充電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)大于(yu)0.8C時，稱之為(wei)超高速(su)充電(dian)(dian)。

　　正(zheng)因為1C是(shi)(shi)個邏輯概(gai)念而非絕對值(zhi)，因此根(gen)據1C折(zhe)算的快充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)慢充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)也是(shi)(shi)一個相對值(zhi)。前(qian)面例子中提(ti)到的200mA充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流對于1200mAH的電(dian)(dian)池來說是(shi)(shi)慢充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)，而對于700mAH的電(dian)(dian)池來說就是(shi)(shi)快充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)。

　　放電說明

編輯本段注意事項
　　充電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)記憶(yi)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)應，當記憶(yi)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)應逐漸累積，會使(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實際使(shi)用(yong)(yong)容(rong)量大(da)幅下降。要減輕記憶(yi)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)應所帶(dai)來的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)負作用(yong)(yong)，一(yi)個(ge)有(you)(you)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方法就是放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)。一(yi)般來講(jiang)由于鎳鎘電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)記憶(yi)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)應比較明(ming)顯(xian)，建議在(zai)反復(fu)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)5-10次后(hou)就作一(yi)次放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，而鎳氫(qing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)記憶(yi)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)應不太(tai)明(ming)顯(xian)，可(ke)以(yi)在(zai)反復(fu)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)20-30次后(hou)作一(yi)次放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)。在(zai)市場上銷售的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)些高檔(dang)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)器自(zi)身(shen)帶(dai)有(you)(you)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)功能，但絕大(da)部(bu)分的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中低檔(dang)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)器是沒(mei)有(you)(you)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)功能的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，這時該怎(zen)么辦呢？在(zai)了解(jie)了放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原理后(hou)，也可(ke)以(yi)自(zi)己嘗試著對電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)進行放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)。

　　鎳鎘電池(chi)和鎳氫電池(chi)的(de)(de)標稱電壓(ya)是(shi)1.2V，但實(shi)際上(shang)，電池(chi)的(de)(de)電壓(ya)是(shi)個(ge)變化(hua)的(de)(de)值(zhi)，隨著(zhu)電量是(shi)否充(chong)足，圍繞著(zhu)1.2V左右進行波(bo)動。一(yi)般(ban)在1V-1.4V之間波(bo)動，不同品牌的(de)(de)電池(chi)由于工藝上(shang)的(de)(de)不盡相同，電壓(ya)波(bo)動范圍也不完全一(yi)致。

　　對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)進行放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)就(jiu)是采用(yong)很小的(de)(de)(de)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)，使(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓緩慢下降(jiang)(jiang)，下降(jiang)(jiang)到(dao)0.9V-1V之間(jian)，就(jiu)應該停止放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。不建議將電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)到(dao)0.9V之下，這樣做會造(zao)成過(guo)度(du)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，使(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)受到(dao)不可(ke)逆的(de)(de)(de)傷害，上一(yi)篇(pian)曾說過(guo)的(de)(de)(de)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)不適合(he)于用(yong)在(zai)家(jia)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)遙控(kong)器中，就(jiu)是因為遙控(kong)器的(de)(de)(de)使(shi)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)很小，長時(shi)間(jian)放(fang)(fang)在(zai)遙控(kong)器中使(shi)用(yong)很容易造(zao)成過(guo)度(du)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)經(jing)過(guo)一(yi)次(ci)正確的(de)(de)(de)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)后，你會驚喜的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)現電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)(de)容量(liang)又恢復到(dao)原(yuan)來的(de)(de)(de)水平，因此當發(fa)現電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)(de)容量(liang)有所下降(jiang)(jiang)時(shi)，就(jiu)最好(hao)作一(yi)次(ci)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。

　　自己對電(dian)(dian)池做放(fang)電(dian)(dian)有個簡(jian)便的(de)方法，就是接一個小電(dian)(dian)珠作為負載，但必須(xu)使用電(dian)(dian)表來監(jian)視(shi)電(dian)(dian)壓值的(de)變化，以(yi)防過度放(fang)電(dian)(dian)。

　　對于(yu)充(chong)(chong)電器(qi)的(de)選(xuan)擇，究竟是(shi)選(xuan)擇快速(su)(su)(su)充(chong)(chong)電器(qi)還是(shi)慢速(su)(su)(su)恒流充(chong)(chong)電器(qi)，這主(zhu)要看(kan)自己使用(yong)的(de)側重點。例(li)如經常(chang)外出使用(yong)數碼(ma)相(xiang)機(ji)等設(she)備的(de)朋友，就(jiu)(jiu)應該(gai)選(xuan)擇快速(su)(su)(su)充(chong)(chong)電器(qi)，以滿足(zu)時間上的(de)要求(qiu)，甚至可(ke)以購買(mai)超高(gao)速(su)(su)(su)的(de)充(chong)(chong)電器(qi)，而只(zhi)使用(yong)隨身(shen)聽(ting)等設(she)備的(de)朋友，恒流充(chong)(chong)電器(qi)就(jiu)(jiu)能滿足(zu)需要

　　在掌握(wo)了正確的充(chong)(chong)放電(dian)(dian)知(zhi)識(shi)后，大家(jia)一定能(neng)更好地使(shi)用自(zi)己的充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)池。請大家(jia)不要拘泥(ni)于快速充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)。

　　勿將(jiang)手機充電(dian)器(qi)放置于潮濕(shi)或者高(gao)溫的條件(jian)下(xia)，這(zhe)樣減(jian)少(shao)手機充電(dian)器(qi)的使用壽命。

　　在充電(dian)器的過程中會(hui)有一定的發熱現象，在正常的室溫(wen)下，只要(yao)不超過六十(shi)攝(she)氏度屬于正常顯示，是不會(hui)損害(hai)電(dian)池。由于手(shou)機的款(kuan)式和(he)充電(dian)的時(shi)間不一致(zhi)，這與手(shou)機的充電(dian)器的充電(dian)性能無關。