1.1 鋰離(li)子電(dian)池(chi)簡介

1.1.1 鋰離子電池(Li-ion Batteries)是鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)發展(zhan)而來。在介紹(shao)Li-ion之前(qian)，應先介紹(shao)鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)。舉例(li)來講(jiang)，以(yi)前(qian)照(zhao)相機里(li)用(yong)的扣式(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)就屬 于鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)。鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的正極材料是二氧化錳或亞硫酰(xian)氯，負(fu)極是鋰。電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)組裝(zhuang) 完成后電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)即有電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓,不(bu)需充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian).這種(zhong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)也可能(neng)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian),但(dan)循(xun)環(huan)性(xing)能(neng)不(bu)好,在 充(chong)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)循(xun)環(huan)過程中,容(rong)易形成鋰枝晶,造成電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)內部短路,所以(yi)一般情況下這 種(zhong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)是禁止充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)的。

1.1.2 后來，日本索尼公司發明了以炭材料為負極，以含鋰的化合物作正極，在充放電過程中，沒有金屬鋰存在，只有鋰離子，這就是鋰離子電 池。當對電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)進行充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)時，電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)正(zheng)極(ji)(ji)上有鋰離(li)(li)(li)子生成(cheng)，生成(cheng)的(de)鋰離(li)(li)(li)子經過 電(dian)(dian)(dian)解液運(yun)動到負極(ji)(ji)。而作為負極(ji)(ji)的(de)碳(tan)呈層(ceng)狀(zhuang)結構，它有很(hen)多微(wei)(wei)孔(kong)(kong)，達到負極(ji)(ji) 的(de)鋰離(li)(li)(li)子就(jiu)嵌(qian)入(ru)到碳(tan)層(ceng)的(de)微(wei)(wei)孔(kong)(kong)中(zhong)，嵌(qian)入(ru)的(de)鋰離(li)(li)(li)子越多，充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)容量越高。同(tong)樣， 當對電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)進行放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)時(即我們使用電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)過程)，嵌(qian)在(zai)負極(ji)(ji)碳(tan)層(ceng)中(zhong)的(de)鋰離(li)(li)(li)子 脫(tuo)出， 又運(yun)動回正(zheng)極(ji)(ji)。回正(zheng)極(ji)(ji)的(de)鋰離(li)(li)(li)子越多，放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)容量越高。

1.1.3 我(wo)們通常(chang)所(suo)說的電池容(rong)量指的就(jiu)是放(fang)電容(rong)量。在 Li-ion 的充放(fang)電過程中(zhong)，鋰離子處于從正(zheng)極→負極→正(zheng)極的運動狀態。Li-ion Batteries 就(jiu)像一(yi)把搖(yao)椅(yi)，搖(yao)椅(yi)的兩(liang)端為電池的兩(liang)極，而鋰離子就(jiu)象運動員(yuan) 一(yi)樣在搖(yao)椅(yi)來回奔跑。所(suo)以 Li-ion Batteries 又(you)叫搖(yao)椅(yi)式電池。

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1.2. 鋰(li)離子(zi)電池的組(zu)成

1.2.1 鋼殼/鋁殼系(xi)列：

(1)電池上下蓋

(2)正極——活性物質一般為(wei)氧化鋰鈷

(3)隔膜(mo)——一種特殊的復(fu)合膜(mo)

(4)負極——活性物質為(wei)碳

(5)有機電解液

(6)電池殼(分(fen)為鋼(gang)殼和鋁殼兩種)

1.2.2 軟包裝系列

(1)正極——活性物質一般為(wei)氧化鋰鈷

(2)隔膜——PP 或者 PE 復合(he)膜

(3)負極——活性物質(zhi)為碳

(4)有機電解液

(5)電池殼——鋁塑復合(he)膜

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1.3. 鋰(li)離子電池(chi)原理

1.3.1 鋰系電池分為鋰電池和鋰離(li)子(zi)電池。目前(qian)手機和筆(bi)記本電腦使用

的(de)都是鋰(li)離(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)電池(chi)(chi)，通常(chang)人們俗稱(cheng)其為(wei)鋰(li)電池(chi)(chi)。 手(shou)機等(deng) PDA 產品(pin)使(shi)用(yong)的(de)是 鋰(li)離(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)電池(chi)(chi)，而真正(zheng)(zheng)的(de)鋰(li)電池(chi)(chi)由于危險性大，沒有應(ying)用(yong)于日常(chang)電子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)產品(pin)。 鋰(li)離(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)電池(chi)(chi)以碳素材料(liao)為(wei)負(fu)極(ji)，以含鋰(li)的(de)化合物(wu)作正(zheng)(zheng)極(ji)，沒有金屬鋰(li)存(cun) 在，只有鋰(li)離(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)，這(zhe)就是鋰(li)離(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)電池(chi)(chi)。鋰(li)離(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)電池(chi)(chi)是指(zhi)以鋰(li)離(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)嵌(qian)入(ru)化合物(wu) 為(wei)正(zheng)(zheng)極(ji)材料(liao)電池(chi)(chi)的(de)總稱(cheng)。鋰(li)離(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)電池(chi)(chi)的(de)充(chong)(chong)放(fang)電過(guo)(guo)程，就是鋰(li)離(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)的(de)嵌(qian)入(ru)和(he)脫(tuo) 嵌(qian)過(guo)(guo)程。在鋰(li)離(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)的(de)嵌(qian)入(ru)和(he)脫(tuo)嵌(qian)過(guo)(guo)程中，同時伴隨著與鋰(li)離(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)等(deng)當量電子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)的(de) 嵌(qian)入(ru)和(he)脫(tuo)嵌(qian)(習慣上正(zheng)(zheng)極(ji)用(yong)嵌(qian)入(ru)或脫(tuo)嵌(qian)表示，而負(fu)極(ji)用(yong)插入(ru)或脫(tuo)插表示)。 在充(chong)(chong)放(fang)電過(guo)(guo)程中，鋰(li)離(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)在正(zheng)(zheng)、負(fu)極(ji)之間往返嵌(qian)入(ru)/脫(tuo)嵌(qian)和(he)插入(ru)/脫(tuo)插，被形 象地稱(cheng)為(wei)“搖椅電池(chi)(chi)”。

1.3.2 鋰離子電池(chi)能量密度大，平(ping)均(jun)輸出電壓高。自放電小，每月在

10%以(yi)下。沒有記(ji)憶效應。工作(zuo)溫度范圍寬(kuan)為-20℃～60℃。循環性能優越、 可快(kuai)速充(chong)放(fang)電、充(chong)電效率高達 100%，而且輸(shu)出功率大。使用壽(shou)命長(chang)。沒有 環境(jing)污(wu)染，被稱(cheng)為綠色(se)電池。

1.3.3 充電是電池重復使用(yong)的重要步驟，鋰離子電池的充電過程(cheng)分

為兩個階段(duan)：恒(heng)(heng)流(liu)快充(chong)階段(duan)(指(zhi)示燈呈(cheng)紅色(se)或黃(huang)色(se))和恒(heng)(heng)壓(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)遞減階段(duan)(指(zhi) 示燈呈(cheng)綠色(se))。恒(heng)(heng)流(liu)快充(chong)階段(duan)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)逐(zhu)步升(sheng)高(gao)到電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)標準電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)，隨(sui)后(hou) 在控制芯片下轉入恒(heng)(heng)壓(ya)階段(duan)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)不(bu)再(zai)升(sheng)高(gao)以(yi)確保不(bu)會(hui)過充(chong)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)則隨(sui)著電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian) 池(chi)(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量的(de)(de)上(shang)升(sheng)逐(zhu)步減弱到 0，而(er)最終完(wan)成(cheng)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量統(tong)計(ji)芯片通過記(ji)錄放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian) 曲線可以(yi)抽(chou)樣計(ji)算出電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量。鋰(li)離子電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)在多次使用后(hou)，放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)曲線會(hui)發 生改變，鋰(li)離子電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)雖然不(bu)存在記(ji)憶效應(ying)，但是充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)不(bu)當會(hui)嚴(yan)重影響電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)性 能。

鋰(li)離(li)(li)(li)子電(dian)池(chi)過度充(chong)放(fang)電(dian)會對正負極造(zao)成永久性損壞。過度放(fang)電(dian)導(dao)致負極 碳(tan)(tan)片層結構出現塌(ta)陷，而塌(ta)陷會造(zao)成充(chong)電(dian)過程(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)鋰(li)離(li)(li)(li)子無法(fa)插入;過度充(chong)電(dian) 使過多的鋰(li)離(li)(li)(li)子嵌入負極碳(tan)(tan)結構，而造(zao)成其中(zhong)(zhong)部(bu)分(fen)鋰(li)離(li)(li)(li)子再也無法(fa)釋放(fang)出

1.3.4 充電(dian)(dian)量(liang)等(deng)于(yu)充電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流乘(cheng)以充電(dian)(dian)時間(jian)，在充電(dian)(dian)控制電(dian)(dian)壓一定

的情況下，充電電流越(yue)大(充電速(su)度(du)越(yue)快)，充電電量(liang)越(yue)小。電池(chi)充電速(su)度(du) 過快和終止電壓控制點(dian)不當(dang)，同樣會造成(cheng)電池(chi)容量(liang)不足，實際是電池(chi)的部分(fen)(fen) 電極活性物質沒有(you)得到充分(fen)(fen)反應就停止充電，這(zhe)種充電不足的現象隨著(zhu)循環 次數(shu)的增加(jia)而加(jia)劇。

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1.4. 鋰離子電池的種類(lei)

1.4.1 不可充電的(de)鋰電池(chi)有(you)(you)多種，目前常用的(de)有(you)(you)鋰-二(er)氧化(hua)錳電池(chi)、鋰

—亞硫酰氯電池(chi)及(ji)鋰和(he)其它(ta)化(hua)合物電池(chi)。

1)　鋰(li)-二氧化錳電池(Li　MnO2)

鋰-二氧化錳(meng)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)是(shi)一(yi)種以(yi)鋰為(wei)陽極、以(yi)二氧化錳(meng)為(wei)陰極，并(bing)采用有機(ji) 電(dian)(dian)解液的(de)一(yi)次性電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)。該電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)主要特點(dian)是(shi)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)高(gao)，額定電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)為(wei) 3V(是(shi) 一(yi)般堿性電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de) 2 倍(bei));終止放(fang)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)為(wei) 2V;比能(neng)量大(見上(shang)面(mian)舉的(de)例(li)子); 放(fang)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)穩定可(ke)靠;有較好的(de)儲存(cun)性能(neng)(儲存(cun)時間 3 年以(yi)上(shang))、自放(fang)電(dian)(dian)率低(年 自放(fang)電(dian)(dian)率≤2%);工作溫度范(fan)圍-20℃～+60℃。

該電池(chi)可以做成不同的外(wai)形以滿足不同要求(qiu)，它(ta)有(you)長方形、圓柱形及紐 扣形(扣式)。

2)可充電鋰離子電池

可(ke)(ke)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)鋰(li)離子電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)是目(mu)前(qian)(qian)手機中應用(yong)(yong)最廣泛的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)，但(dan)它較為(wei)“嬌(jiao)氣”， 在(zai)使用(yong)(yong)中不可(ke)(ke)過充、過放(會損(sun)壞(huai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)或使之報廢)。因此，在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)上有(you)保(bao)護 元器件(jian)或保(bao)護電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路以防(fang)止昂貴的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)損(sun)壞(huai)。 鋰(li)離子電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)要求很高，要 保(bao)證(zheng)終止電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓精(jing)度在(zai) 1%之內，目(mu)前(qian)(qian)各大半導體器件(jian)廠(chang)已開發出多種鋰(li)離子 電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的 IC，以保(bao)證(zheng)安全、可(ke)(ke)靠(kao)、快速(su)地充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。

1.4.2 根(gen)據(ju)鋰離(li)子(zi)電(dian)(dian)池所用電(dian)(dian)解質材料不(bu)同，鋰離(li)子(zi)電(dian)(dian)池可(ke)以(yi)分為液

態(tai)(tai)鋰(li)(li)(li)離子(zi)(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(lithium ion battery, 簡(jian)稱為 LIB)和聚(ju)合(he)(he)物(wu)(wu)鋰(li)(li)(li)離子(zi)(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(p olymer lithium ion battery, 簡(jian)稱為 LIP)兩大(da)類。聚(ju)合(he)(he)物(wu)(wu)鋰(li)(li)(li)離子(zi)(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)所 用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)正負極材料(liao)與(yu)液態(tai)(tai)鋰(li)(li)(li)離子(zi)(zi)都是相同的(de)(de)(de)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)(de)工作原理(li)也基本一致。 它們的(de)(de)(de)主要區別在于電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解質(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)不同, 液態(tai)(tai)鋰(li)(li)(li)離子(zi)(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)使用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)是液體電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解質(zhi), 而聚(ju)合(he)(he)物(wu)(wu)鋰(li)(li)(li)離子(zi)(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)則以固體聚(ju)合(he)(he)物(wu)(wu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解質(zhi)來代替(ti), 這(zhe)種聚(ju)合(he)(he)物(wu)(wu)可(ke)以是 “干(gan)態(tai)(tai)”的(de)(de)(de),也可(ke)以是“膠態(tai)(tai)”的(de)(de)(de),目前大(da)部分采用(yong)聚(ju)合(he)(he)物(wu)(wu)膠體電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解質(zhi)。聚(ju) 合(he)(he)物(wu)(wu)鋰(li)(li)(li)離子(zi)(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)可(ke)分為三類：

(1)固體聚合物電(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)質鋰離子電(dian)(dian)(dian)池。電(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)質為聚合物與鹽的混合物， 這種電(dian)(dian)(dian)池在常溫(wen)下(xia)的離子電(dian)(dian)(dian)導率低，適(shi)于高溫(wen)使用。

(2)凝膠聚(ju)合(he)物(wu)(wu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)質(zhi)鋰(li)離(li)(li)子(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池。即在固體(ti)聚(ju)合(he)物(wu)(wu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)質(zhi)中加(jia)入(ru)增 塑劑等(deng)添加(jia)劑，從(cong)而(er)提高(gao)離(li)(li)子(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)導率，使電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池可在常溫(wen)下使用(yong)。 (3)聚(ju)合(he)物(wu)(wu)正極(ji)材料的(de)(de)鋰(li)離(li)(li)子(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池。采用(yong)導電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)聚(ju)合(he)物(wu)(wu)作為(wei)正極(ji)材料， 其比(bi)能量(liang)(liang)是(shi)現有鋰(li)離(li)(li)子(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de) 3 倍(bei)，是(shi)最新一代(dai)的(de)(de)鋰(li)離(li)(li)子(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池。由(you)于用(yong)固 體(ti)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)質(zhi)代(dai)替了液體(ti)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)質(zhi),與液態(tai)(tai)鋰(li)離(li)(li)子(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池相比(bi)，聚(ju)合(he)物(wu)(wu)鋰(li)離(li)(li)子(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池具 有可薄形化(hua)、任意面積化(hua)與任意形狀化(hua)等(deng)優點，也不會(hui)產生漏液與燃燒爆 炸等(deng)安全上的(de)(de)問題，因此可以(yi)用(yong)鋁塑復合(he)薄膜制造(zao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池外殼(ke)，從(cong)而(er)可以(yi)提 高(gao)整(zheng)個電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)比(bi)容量(liang)(liang);聚(ju)合(he)物(wu)(wu)鋰(li)離(li)(li)子(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池還可以(yi)采用(yong)高(gao)分子(zi)作正極(ji)材料， 其質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)比(bi)能量(liang)(liang)將會(hui)比(bi)目前(qian)的(de)(de)液態(tai)(tai)鋰(li)離(li)(li)子(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池提高(gao) 50%以(yi)上。

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此(ci)外(wai),聚合物鋰離(li)(li)子電(dian)池在工(gong)作(zuo)電(dian)壓、充(chong)放電(dian)循環壽命(ming)等方面(mian)都比鋰離(li)(li)子電(dian)池有(you)所提(ti)高。

基于以上優點(dian)，聚合(he)物(wu)鋰(li)(li)離子(zi)電池(chi)被譽為(wei)下一代(dai)(dai)鋰(li)(li)離子(zi)電池(chi)。 聚合(he)物(wu)鋰(li)(li)離子(zi)(Lithium ion polymer)電池(chi)，具(ju)有更高能量密度(du)、小型(xing)化(hua)(hua)、薄型(xing)化(hua)(hua)、 輕量化(hua)(hua)、高安全(quan)性、長(chang)循環壽命與低成本的(de)新(xin)型(xing)電池(chi)。因此，在(zai)未來 2～3 年內，聚合(he)物(wu)鋰(li)(li)電池(chi)取代(dai)(dai)鋰(li)(li)離子(zi)電池(chi)市場的(de)份額將達 50%。

1.4.3 當前手(shou)(shou)機(ji)已被廣泛使用，早期的手(shou)(shou)機(ji)中多使用鎳氫電池，但靈(ling)

巧型的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)手機則是(shi)鋰(li)離(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)。正確地使(shi)用鋰(li)離(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)對延長(chang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)壽(shou)命(ming)是(shi)十分(fen) 重要的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。鋰(li)離(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)是(shi)目前應用最為(wei)(wei)廣泛的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)，它根據不(bu)同的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)產品 的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要求可以做成(cheng)扁平長(chang)方(fang)形(xing)、圓柱形(xing)、長(chang)方(fang)形(xing)及扣式，并且有(you)由幾個電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)串 聯在一(yi)起組成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)組。 鋰(li)離(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)額定(ding)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)為(wei)(wei) 3.6V(有(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)產品為(wei)(wei) 3.7 V)。充滿電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)終(zhong)(zhong)止(zhi)(zhi)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)與電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)陽極(ji)(ji)材料有(you)關：陽極(ji)(ji)材料為(wei)(wei)石墨的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de) 4.2 V;陽極(ji)(ji)材料為(wei)(wei)焦(jiao)炭的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de) 4.1V。不(bu)同陽極(ji)(ji)材料的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)內阻也不(bu)同，焦(jiao)炭陽極(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)內阻 略(lve)大(da)，其放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)曲(qu)線也略(lve)有(you)差(cha)別。一(yi)般稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei) 4.1V 鋰(li)離(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)及 4.2V 鋰(li)離(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian) 池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)。現在使(shi)用的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)部分(fen)是(shi) 4.2V 的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，鋰(li)離(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)終(zhong)(zhong)止(zhi)(zhi)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)為(wei)(wei) 2.5V～2. 75V(電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)廠(chang)給出工作電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)范圍或給出終(zhong)(zhong)止(zhi)(zhi)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)，各參數略(lve)有(you)不(bu)同)。低 于終(zhong)(zhong)止(zhi)(zhi)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)繼續放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)過放，過放對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)是(shi)有(you)損(sun)害的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。

1.4.4 鋰離子電池(chi)不適合用作大電流放電，過大電流放電時會降低放

電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時間(內部會(hui)(hui)產(chan)生較高的(de)溫度而(er)損耗能量)。因此(ci)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)生產(chan)工廠給出最大放(fang) 電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流，在使(shi)用(yong)(yong)中(zhong)應小于最大放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流。 鋰(li)離(li)(li)子電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)對(dui)溫度有一定要(yao)(yao)求， 工廠給出了充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)溫度范圍、放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)溫度范圍及保存溫度范圍。 鋰(li)離(li)(li)子電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)對(dui) 充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)要(yao)(yao)求是很高的(de)，它要(yao)(yao)求精密的(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)以保證充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)安全。終止(zhi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian) 電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓精度允(yun)差為額定值的(de)_1%(例如:充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong) 4.2V 的(de)鋰(li)離(li)(li)子電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)，其允(yun)差為_0.0 42V)，過(guo)壓充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)會(hui)(hui)造成鋰(li)離(li)(li)子電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)永(yong)久性損壞(huai)。鋰(li)離(li)(li)子電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流應根據 電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)生產(chan)廠家的(de)建議(yi)，并要(yao)(yao)求有限流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)以免發(fa)生過(guo)流(過(guo)熱)。一般常用(yong)(yong)的(de) 充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)率(lv)(lv)為 0.25C～1C(C 是電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)容量，如 C=800mAh，1C 充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)率(lv)(lv)即充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流 為800mA)。在大電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時往(wang)往(wang)要(yao)(yao)檢測(ce)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)溫度，以防(fang)止(zhi)過(guo)熱損壞(huai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)或 產(chan)生爆(bao)炸。

1.4.5 鋰離子(zi)電池充電分為兩個階(jie)段：先(xian)恒流充電，到(dao)接近終止電壓時改

為恒(heng)壓(ya)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。以(yi) 800mAh 容量的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)為例，其終止充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)為 4.2V。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)以(yi) 800mA(充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)率(lv)為 1C)恒(heng)流充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，開始(shi)時(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)以(yi)較(jiao)大的斜率(lv)升(sheng)壓(ya)，當電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya) 接近 4.2V 時(shi)，改(gai)成 4.2V 恒(heng)壓(ya)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流漸降(jiang)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)變化不大，到充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流降(jiang)為 1/10C(約(yue) 80mA)時(shi)，認為接近充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)滿(man)，可(ke)以(yi)終止充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(有的充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器到 1/10C 后(hou)啟(qi)動 定時(shi)器，過(guo)一定時(shi)間后(hou)結束充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian))。 鋰離子電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)在充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)或(huo)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)過(guo)程中(zhong)若發(fa)生過(guo)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)、 過(guo)放或(huo)過(guo)流時(shi)，會造成電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的損壞或(huo)降(jiang)低使用(yong)壽(shou)命。

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1.5. 鋰離子電池優缺(que)點

1.5.1 鋰離子電池具有以下優點：

1. 電壓高，單體(ti)電池的工作(zuo)電壓高達 3.6-3.9V，是 Ni-Cd、 Ni-H 電池的 3 倍

2. 比(bi)能量(liang)大，目(mu)前能達到(dao)的實際比(bi)能量(liang)為 100-125Wh/kg 和 240-300Wh/L(2 倍(bei)(bei)于(yu) Ni-Cd，1.5 倍(bei)(bei)于(yu) Ni-MH),未來隨(sui)著技術發展(zhan), 比(bi)能量(liang)可高達 150Wh/kg 和 400 Wh/L

3. 循環(huan)壽(shou)命長,一(yi)般均(jun)可達到(dao) 500 次以上(shang),甚至 1000 次以上(shang).對于小(xiao)電(dian)(dian) 流放電(dian)(dian)的電(dian)(dian)器(qi),電(dian)(dian)池的使(shi)用期限 將倍(bei)增電(dian)(dian)器(qi)的競(jing)爭力.

4. 安全性(xing)能好,無(wu)公害,無(wu)記憶效應.作為Li-ion前身的(de)(de)(de)(de)鋰(li)電池,因金屬 鋰(li)易形成枝晶發(fa)生短路(lu),縮減了其應用領(ling)域：Li-ion中不含鎘(ge)、鉛、汞等對 環境(jing)有污染的(de)(de)(de)(de)元素：部(bu)分工(gong)藝(如燒結式)的(de)(de)(de)(de)Ni-Cd電池存在的(de)(de)(de)(de)一大弊(bi)病(bing)為 “記憶效應”，嚴重束縛電池的(de)(de)(de)(de)使用，但Li-ion根本不存在這方(fang)面的(de)(de)(de)(de)問題。

5. 自(zi)放電(dian)小，室溫下充滿(man)電(dian)的 Li-ion 儲存 1 個月(yue)后的自(zi)放電(dian)率(lv)為 10%左右(you)，大大低于 Ni-Cd 的 25-30%，Ni、MH 的 30-35%。

6. 可快速充(chong)放電，1C 充(chong)電是容量可以(yi)達(da)到(dao)標稱容量的 80%以(yi)上。

7. 工(gong)作溫度(du)范(fan)圍高，工(gong)作溫度(du)為-25~45_C，隨著電解質(zhi)和正極的 改進，期(qi)望能擴(kuo)寬(kuan)到(dao)-40~70_C。

1.5.2.鋰離子電池也(ye)存在著一(yi)定的(de)缺點

1. 電池成本較高(gao)。 主要表現(xian)在正極材(cai)料 LiCoO2 的(de)價格高(gao) (Co 的(de)資源較少(shao))，電解質體系提純困難。

2. 不能大電(dian)流放電(dian)。 由于(yu)有(you)機電(dian)解(jie)質體系等原因，電(dian)池內阻相對(dui)

其他類(lei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池大。故要求較小(xiao)的放電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)密度，一般(ban)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)在 0.5C 以下(xia)， 只適合于中小(xiao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)使用(yong)。

3. 需要保護(hu)線(xian)路控(kong)制 。

A. 過(guo)(guo)充保(bao)護：電(dian)(dian)池(chi)過(guo)(guo)充將破(po)壞正極結構而影(ying)響性能和壽命(ming);同(tong)時過(guo)(guo)充 電(dian)(dian)使電(dian)(dian)解液分解，內部壓力過(guo)(guo)高(gao)而導致漏液等問題;故必須(xu)在(zai) 4.1V-4.2V 的 恒壓下充電(dian)(dian);

B. 過(guo)放保護：過(guo)放會導致(zhi)活性物質的恢復困難，故也(ye)需要(yao)有保護線路 控制(zhi)。

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4)充電電池定義

充電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)又稱：蓄電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)、二次電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)，是可以反復充電(dian)(dian)使用的電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)。常見 的有：鉛(qian)酸電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(用于汽車時，俗(su)稱“電(dian)(dian)瓶”)、鎘鎳(nie)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)、氫鎳(nie)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)、鋰 離子(zi)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)。

5)電池的額定容量

電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的額定容量(liang)指在一定放(fang)電(dian)條件下，電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)放(fang)電(dian)至截止電(dian)壓時放(fang)出的電(dian) 量(liang)。IEC 標準規定鎳鎘和鎳氫電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)在 20_5℃環境下，以(yi) 0.1C 充電(dian) 16 小時 后以(yi) 0.2C 放(fang)電(dian)至 1.0V 時所(suo)放(fang)出的電(dian)量(liang)為電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的額定容量(liang)。單位有 Ah, mAh (1Ah=1000mAh)

1.6. 如何正(zheng)確(que)使用鋰離子電(dian)池.

正確使用鋰離子電池應注(zhu)意以下幾點(dian)：

避(bi)免(mian)在(zai)嚴酷條件下(xia)使用，如(ru)：高溫、高濕度、夏日陽光下(xia)長時間暴曬(shai)等， 避(bi)免(mian)將電(dian)池投入(ru)火中(zhong);

裝、拆(chai)電(dian)(dian)池時，應(ying)確保用(yong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)具處于電(dian)(dian)源關(guan)閉(bi)狀(zhuang)態;使用(yong)溫度應(ying)保持(chi)在(zai) -20~55℃之間;

避(bi)免將電池(chi)長時(shi)間“存放”在停止使用的用電器具中;

1.6.1.如何(he)為新電(dian)池(chi)充電(dian),

在(zai)使(shi)用鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)中(zhong)應(ying)注意的是，電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)放置一段時(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)后則(ze)進入休眠(mian)狀態(tai)，此(ci) 時(shi)(shi)(shi)容量低于(yu)正常(chang)值，使(shi)用時(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)亦隨之縮短(duan)。但鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)很容易(yi)激(ji)活，只要經過(guo) 3—5次正常(chang)的充放電(dian)(dian)循(xun)環就可激(ji)活電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)，恢復正常(chang)容量。由于(yu)鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)本(ben)身 的特性，決定了它幾乎沒有記憶(yi)效應(ying)。因此(ci)用戶手機中(zhong)的新鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)在(zai)激(ji)活過(guo)

程中，是不需要特別的方(fang)法和(he)設備的。不僅理論上(shang)是如此，從我自己的實踐(jian)

來看，從一開始就采用標(biao)準方(fang)法充電這(zhe)種“自(zi)然激(ji)活”方(fang)式是最好的。

對(dui)于鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)“激活”問題(ti)，眾(zhong)多(duo)的(de)(de)說(shuo)法是：充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)間(jian)一定要超(chao)過(guo) 12 小(xiao)時(shi)，反復(fu)做三(san)次(ci)(ci)，以(yi)便激活電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池。這種“前三(san)次(ci)(ci)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)要充(chong) 12 小(xiao)時(shi)以(yi)上” 的(de)(de)說(shuo)法，明顯是從鎳(nie)(nie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(如鎳(nie)(nie)鎘(ge)和鎳(nie)(nie)氫)延續下來的(de)(de)說(shuo)法。所以(yi)這種說(shuo)法， 可以(yi)說(shuo)一開始(shi)就是誤(wu)傳。鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池和鎳(nie)(nie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)充(chong)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)特(te)性有非(fei)常(chang)大的(de)(de)區別(bie)，而(er) 且(qie)可以(yi)非(fei)常(chang)明確的(de)(de)告訴大家(jia)，在所查閱過(guo)的(de)(de)嚴肅的(de)(de)且(qie)正(zheng)式的(de)(de)技術資料中都強 調過(guo)充(chong)和過(guo)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)會對(dui)鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池、特(te)別(bie)是液體鋰離子電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池造成巨大的(de)(de)傷害(hai)。因而(er) 充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)最好按照標(biao)準(zhun)時(shi)間(jian)和標(biao)準(zhun)方法充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，特(te)別(bie)是不(bu)要進(jin)行超(chao)過(guo) 12 個小(xiao)時(shi)的(de)(de) 超(chao)長(chang)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。

此外，鋰電(dian)(dian)池或(huo)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器在電(dian)(dian)池充(chong)(chong)滿后(hou)都會(hui)自動停充(chong)(chong)，并不存在鎳電(dian)(dian)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian) 器所謂的(de)持續(xu) 10 幾小(xiao)時的(de)“涓(juan)流(liu)”充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)。也就是(shi)說(shuo)，如果你的(de)鋰電(dian)(dian)池在充(chong)(chong) 滿后(hou)，放在充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器上也是(shi)白充(chong)(chong)。而我們誰都無法保(bao)證電(dian)(dian)池的(de)充(chong)(chong)放電(dian)(dian)保(bao)護電(dian)(dian)路

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的(de)特(te)性永不變化和質量的(de)萬無一失，所(suo)以你的(de)電池將長期處在危險的(de)邊緣徘 徊。這也是我們反對長充電的(de)另一個理(li)由。

此外，不可忽視的另外一個方面就是鋰電(dian)池同樣(yang)也不適(shi)合(he)過放電(dian)，過放 電(dian)對鋰電(dian)池同樣(yang)也很不利。

1.6.2、正常使用中應(ying)該何時開始充電

經常可以見(jian)到這(zhe)種說法，因為充(chong)放(fang)電(dian)的(de)次數(shu)是有限的(de)，所以應該將手(shou)機 電(dian)池的(de)電(dian)盡可能用光再充(chong)電(dian)。但是我找到一(yi)個關(guan)于鋰離子(zi)電(dian)池充(chong)放(fang)電(dian)循(xun)環的(de) 實(shi)驗表，關(guan)于循(xun)環壽命(ming)的(de)數(shu)據列出如(ru)下:

循環(huan)壽(shou)命 (10%DOD):>1000 次

循(xun)環壽命 (100%DOD):>200 次

 DOD 是放電深度的英文縮寫。從表中可見，可充電次數和放電深度 有關，10%DOD 時的循環壽命要比 100%DOD 的要長很多。當然如果折合到實 際充電的相對總容量：10%*1000=100，100%*200=200，后者的完全充放電還 是要比較好一些，但前面網友的那個說法要做一些修正：在正常情況下，你 應該有保留地按照電池剩余電量用完再充的原則充電，但假如你的電池在你 預計第 2 天不可能堅持整個白天的時候，就應該及時開始充電，當然你如果 愿意背著充電器到辦公室又當別論。

電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)剩(sheng)余(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)用(yong)完(wan)(wan)再充的(de)(de)原則(ze)并不是(shi)(shi)要(yao)你走向極端。和長充電(dian)(dian)(dian)一樣(yang)流傳(chuan) 甚廣的(de)(de)一個(ge)說法(fa)(fa)，就是(shi)(shi)“盡量(liang)把電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)用(yong)完(wan)(wan)”。這(zhe)種做法(fa)(fa)其(qi)實只是(shi)(shi)鎳電(dian)(dian)(dian) 池(chi)(chi)上的(de)(de)做法(fa)(fa)，目(mu)的(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)避(bi)免記(ji)憶效(xiao)應發(fa)生，不幸(xing)的(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)它也在(zai)(zai)鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)上流傳(chuan)之(zhi)今。 曾經有人(ren)因為手機(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)過低的(de)(de)警告出現后，仍(reng)然不充電(dian)(dian)(dian)繼續使用(yong)一直用(yong) 到(dao)自(zi)動關機(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)例子。結果這(zhe)個(ge)例子中的(de)(de)手機(ji)(ji)在(zai)(zai)后來的(de)(de)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)及開機(ji)(ji)中均(jun)無反(fan) 應，不得不送客服檢修。這(zhe)其(qi)實就是(shi)(shi)由(you)于電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)因過度放電(dian)(dian)(dian)而導致電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓過低， 以至于不具備正常(chang)的(de)(de)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)和開機(ji)(ji)條件(jian)造(zao)成的(de)(de)。

                                                                                                                                        本文摘自于全(quan)球電池網