本文設計了(le)一(yi)種多功能、高效、低功耗、安全的隨身移(yi)動電源，以滿足(zu)戶外需求，將有很大(da)的實用價值(zhi)。

　　本文論述的電路系統設計由五部分組成：鋰芯容量指示電路、電芯保護電路、電充電管理路、DC-DC升壓電路和功能擴展電路。
多功能隨身電源的系統設計

　　鋰芯容量指示電路由XC61CC系列的電壓監控芯片組成。電芯保護電路由過充保護、過放保護、過溫保護三部分組成，HAT2027、R5402、自恢復保險絲構建了三重保護，使鋰芯安全性大大增強。充電管理電路采用了CN3066，將充電過程分為涓流充電、恒流充電、恒壓充電和維護充電四個部分，使移動隨身電源能夠最大程度地儲備能量。DC-DC升壓電路采用了MAX1771集成芯片，可將鋰芯容量在安全范圍內最大限度釋放，達到對多種數碼設備供電的目的。功能擴展涵蓋了戶外活動所涉及的常見需求，具有應急夜間高亮照、戶外防盜安全警報、野營驅蚊等功能。多功能隨身電源的電路實現
 

DC-DC升壓電路

　　本系統中，DC-DC升壓(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)主要由(you)MAX1771構成，該(gai)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)器(qi)采用獨特(te)的(de)(de)(de)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)方案，結合PFM（脈沖(chong)頻率(lv)調制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)）及PWM（脈沖(chong)寬(kuan)度調制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)）的(de)(de)(de)優越性(xing)，提供(gong)一個高(gao)效(xiao)(xiao)、較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)寬(kuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)調節范(fan)圍的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源。前者(zhe)具有(you)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)小(xiao)(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)靜態電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)，負(fu)(fu)載(zai)小(xiao)(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)情(qing)況(kuang)下效(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)高(gao)，但紋(wen)波較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)大。后者(zhe)在負(fu)(fu)載(zai)大的(de)(de)(de)情(qing)況(kuang)下具有(you)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)效(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)，噪聲小(xiao)(xiao)。該(gai)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)器(qi)采用的(de)(de)(de)是一種改(gai)進型的(de)(de)(de)限(xian)(xian)流(liu)(liu)PFM控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)方式，控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)限(xian)(xian)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)感充電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)，使其不(bu)超(chao)過某一峰值(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)。既保持了傳統PFM的(de)(de)(de)低靜態電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)，同時在較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)大負(fu)(fu)載(zai)的(de)(de)(de)情(qing)況(kuang)下，也具有(you)很(hen)高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)效(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)。而(er)且由(you)于限(xian)(xian)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)了峰值(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)，采用很(hen)小(xiao)(xiao)體積(ji)的(de)(de)(de)外圍元件就可(ke)獲得滿意的(de)(de)(de)輸出紋(wen)波，這樣便于降低電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)成本及尺(chi)寸。

　　如圖2所示，將4腳接(jie)地，可(ke)使其工作在閉環狀態。芯片由引腳2上(shang)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)，同時也(ye)是輸出(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)。輸入電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)可(ke)以(yi)進行從2V到(dao)輸出(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)的(de)變(bian)化。外接(jie)MOS管(guan)柵極(ji)1腳上(shang)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)，從輸出(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)平到(dao)零(ling)電(dian)(dian)(dian)平跳變(bian)，這樣可(ke)以(yi)提供更人的(de)柵極(ji)驅(qu)動，從而減小(xiao)外接(jie)MOS管(guan)的(de)開(kai)啟(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻。

　　MAX1771外接MOS管(guan)平時(shi)是關(guan)閉的，此時(shi)電(dian)(dian)感儲(chu)能(neng)。關(guan)閉期(qi)間，MAX1771會檢測外部輸入電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)，一(yi)旦降低到了一(yi)定限度，MAX1771就(jiu)會開(kai)啟外部MOS管(guan)，電(dian)(dian)感釋放(fang)能(neng)量，重新提供驅動電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)。開(kai)關(guan)頻率隨(sui)負載電(dian)(dian)流(liu)和輸入電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)而定。5V電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)通過兩個(ge)反饋電(dian)(dian)阻分壓(ya)(ya)得(de)到。

　　此(ci)外，續流二極管選用肖特(te)基二極管SS34，該器件正向導(dao)通電壓小，響應時間短。

鋰芯容量指示電路

　　本系統(tong)電(dian)路設(she)計采用了一種比較簡單且實(shi)用的(de)方法，即通過測試鋰芯電(dian)池(chi)放電(dian)的(de)時間電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)特(te)性曲線(xian)，選取(qu)整個放電(dian)過程(cheng)的(de)四個位點電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)，用電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)來(lai)估算電(dian)池(chi)的(de)容量(liang)。

　　如圖3所(suo)示(shi)，當(dang)按下(xia)電(dian)(dian)壓容(rong)量指示(shi)的(de)功能按鍵，鋰芯(xin)的(de)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)壓會(hui)加(jia)到XC61系列芯(xin)片(pian)的(de)VIN與VSS引腳(jiao)上。當(dang)電(dian)(dian)壓高丁4.1V，四個(ge)芯(xin)片(pian)同時工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)，電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)與限流電(dian)(dian)阻、LED發(fa)光管形成(cheng)(cheng)四個(ge)回路。此時四個(ge)發(fa)光管同時發(fa)亮，表示(shi)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)容(rong)量飽和。當(dang)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)壓在4.1V～3.8V之間，只有(you)三(san)個(ge)芯(xin)片(pian)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)，4102不工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)，此時形成(cheng)(cheng)三(san)個(ge)回路，三(san)個(ge)發(fa)光管發(fa)亮，表示(shi)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)容(rong)量有(you)所(suo)下(xia)降。同理可知其它的(de)兩(liang)種情況。

鋰芯保護電路

　　如圖1所示，電芯保護電路(lu)主要由R5402和HAT2027共同(tong)組(zu)成。除此之外，自恢復保險絲起(qi)到了最后一層(ceng)保護的作用(yong)。

　　R5402是一種高精度、基(ji)于CMOS的(de)鋰芯電(dian)池(chi)電(dian)壓保(bao)護芯片。HAT2027是具(ju)有電(dian)流(liu)流(liu)通方向可調(diao)的(de)雙(shuang)MOS產品。

　　充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓從(cong)低到高上(shang)升，當電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓大于4.25V時(shi)，充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)狀(zhuang)態被(bei)(bei)鎖存(cun)，引腳(jiao)COUT就(jiu)會(hui)從(cong)高電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平(ping)跳(tiao)為低電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平(ping)，HAT2027內置(zhi)二極管(guan)發揮單向導通作用。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流方向只(zhi)能從(cong)1腳(jiao)到3腳(jiao)，充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源無法(fa)繼續給鋰(li)(li)芯充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。如果充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源繼續加載在(zai)鋰(li)(li)芯電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)組(zu)兩(liang)端，即使(shi)鋰(li)(li)芯電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓在(zai)4.25V以(yi)下，R5402具有(you)的過充(chong)鎖存(cun)狀(zhuang)態也不會(hui)被(bei)(bei)釋放。這樣就(jiu)保(bao)證了電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)組(zu)在(zai)連續充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)飽和之(zhi)后，能鎖存(cun)在(zai)過充(chong)狀(zhuang)態，隔離充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源對高能量電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)組(zu)持續充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。只(zhi)有(you)當過充(chong)時(shi)，斷開充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源，過充(chong)鎖存(cun)狀(zhuang)態才(cai)會(hui)被(bei)(bei)釋放，COUT重新(xin)變為高電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平(ping)，HAT2027的1、3引腳(jiao)此時(shi)雙向導通，鋰(li)(li)芯才(cai)能正常工作。

　　放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)下(xia)降，當(dang)小于(yu)2.3V時(shi)，放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)態(tai)(tai)(tai)被鎖存(cun)，引(yin)(yin)腳DOUT的(de)(de)輸(shu)出(chu)從高(gao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平(ping)跳(tiao)為低電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平(ping)，HAT2027內(nei)置二極管(guan)發揮單向(xiang)導通作(zuo)用。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流方向(xiang)只(zhi)(zhi)能從3腳到1腳，鋰(li)芯(xin)(xin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池組(zu)(zu)(zu)無(wu)法(fa)繼續給負載(zai)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。如果(guo)沒有接上充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源，即(ji)使鋰(li)芯(xin)(xin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)高(gao)于(yu)過(guo)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)最大值(zhi)，放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)鎖存(cun)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)態(tai)(tai)(tai)也不會被釋(shi)放(fang)，這(zhe)就(jiu)保證了電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池組(zu)(zu)(zu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)經過(guo)長時(shi)間放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)下(xia)降到2.3V之后，能鎖存(cun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)過(guo)放(fang)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)態(tai)(tai)(tai)，隔離(li)低能量電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池組(zu)(zu)(zu)持續放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。只(zhi)(zhi)有當(dang)過(guo)放(fang)時(shi)，接上充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源，鋰(li)芯(xin)(xin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)開始高(gao)于(yu)過(guo)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)時(shi)，過(guo)放(fang)鎖存(cun)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)態(tai)(tai)(tai)才會被釋(shi)放(fang)，同時(shi)引(yin)(yin)腳DOUT的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)重新變為高(gao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平(ping)，HAT2027的(de)(de)1、3引(yin)(yin)腳雙(shuang)向(xiang)導通，鋰(li)芯(xin)(xin)既能工作(zuo)在(zai)(zai)(zai)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)態(tai)(tai)(tai)，又能工作(zuo)在(zai)(zai)(zai)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)態(tai)(tai)(tai)。

　　當鋰(li)芯(xin)短路(lu)時(shi)，D。，跳到(dao)低電(dian)(dian)平。此時(shi)，鋰(li)芯(xin)受(shou)HAT2027控制無法放電(dian)(dian)，起到(dao)鋰(li)芯(xin)保(bao)護(hu)作用(yong)。與(yu)此同時(shi)，自(zi)恢復(fu)保(bao)險(xian)絲(si)由于短路(lu)的(de)大電(dian)(dian)流(liu)，會受(shou)熱膨(peng)脹，電(dian)(dian)路(lu)切斷，起到(dao)最(zui)后一(yi)層(ceng)保(bao)護(hu)的(de)作用(yong)。當短路(lu)故(gu)障(zhang)排除，白恢復(fu)保(bao)險(xian)絲(si)恢復(fu)，R5402檢電(dian)(dian)器(qi)釋(shi)放，D。，，重(zhong)新恢復(fu)高電(dian)(dian)平。

　　該電路還增設了“休眠”的功能。當電路工作在過放狀態，補充電流將會保持非常低的值，從而停止內部電路的工作，使低能量的鋰芯不會被R5402和系統后級回路繼續消耗能量。該電路還具有瞬時監控功能。在鋰芯負極取一個電壓接到R5402的V引腳，內置檢電器的延時可以減少大概1／57秒。因此，可以監測電池容量瞬時狀態。
 

充電管理電路

　　充電管理電路由CN3066和繼電器構成，如圖4所示。當隨身電源監測到有充電器對其充(chong)電(dian)時，繼電(dian)器令CN3066開始(shi)工作，CN3066將(jiang)整個充(chong)電(dian)管理過程分為(wei)四(si)個部分，即預充(chong)電(dian)、恒(heng)(heng)流充(chong)電(dian)、恒(heng)(heng)壓充(chong)電(dian)以及維護充(chong)電(dian)。

　　當CN3066開始工作時，CN3066會檢測(ce)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)是(shi)否較(jiao)(jiao)低，如果是(shi)，則采用涓(juan)流(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，即一個比較(jiao)(jiao)小的(de)(de)恒(heng)定電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)對(dui)(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池進行充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，直至電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)上升到一個安全值。之后(hou)，充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)保持較(jiao)(jiao)大值不變，通(tong)常是(shi)涓(juan)流(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)的(de)(de)10倍或(huo)更大。1000mAh的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池采用700mA電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，這可以避免大電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)對(dui)(dui)鋰(li)芯的(de)(de)損壞。在恒(heng)流(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)和涓(juan)流(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)態(tai)下(xia)，充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)管理(li)芯片連(lian)續監(jian)控電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，當單節鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)達到4.2V，恒(heng)流(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)態(tai)結(jie)束，轉入恒(heng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)態(tai)。在該狀(zhuang)(zhuang)態(tai)下(xia)，充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)恒(heng)定在4.2V。當鋰(li)芯的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)下(xia)降為原來的(de)(de)1／10之后(hou)，恒(heng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)態(tai)結(jie)束。在維(wei)護(hu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)態(tai)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)足電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)后(hou)，若(ruo)移(yi)動電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源仍插在充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器上，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池會由于自放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)而損失電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量。CN3066以非常小的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)對(dui)(dui)鋰(li)芯充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)或(huo)監(jian)測(ce)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)，以備(bei)對(dui)(dui)鋰(li)芯再充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，這種狀(zhuang)(zhuang)態(tai)稱為維(wei)護(hu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)態(tai)。

　　在本電(dian)路中(zhong)，CN3066會實時監(jian)測鋰(li)(li)芯的(de)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)、溫度、充(chong)(chong)電(dian)電(dian)流和充(chong)(chong)電(dian)時間。一(yi)旦(dan)電(dian)池(chi)的(de)溫度達到60℃，或鋰(li)(li)離子電(dian)池(chi)的(de)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)達到4.2V，恒壓(ya)(ya)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)狀態自動(dong)終止。此(ci)外(wai)，還應設置最(zui)長恒壓(ya)(ya)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)時間。在溫度和電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)檢測失敗的(de)情(qing)況下，可以保證鋰(li)(li)電(dian)池(chi)安全充(chong)(chong)電(dian)。

　　當拔掉充電器，CN3066關(guan)閉，隨身電(dian)源處于預放電(dian)狀(zhuang)態。多功能擴展電(dian)路

高亮照明功能

　　戶外活動(dong)時，特別是夜(ye)間(jian)活動(dong)，需要一個高亮(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)光源。如圖5所示(shi)，夜(ye)行高亮(liang)(liang)照明系(xi)統，在(zai)USB輸出口可得到5V電壓，加上高亮(liang)(liang)發光二極管和一個小的(de)(de)限(xian)流電阻共同組成。高亮(liang)(liang)管足夠5米內的(de)(de)照明光程。

戶外報警功能

　　戶外(wai)出行，個人財物的(de)防(fang)盜(dao)至關重要。安(an)全(quan)可靠的(de)報警系統有助于(yu)保障個人財物的(de)安(an)全(quan)，特別是戶外(wai)野營，靈敏的(de)防(fang)盜(dao)措施在夜間(jian)將發揮其巨大功效(xiao)。

　　如圖5所示，當按下預報警功能鍵時，USB輸出電壓加載在報警系統上，此時移動隨身電源處于“預報警”狀態。當水銀開關B1位置偏移正常的斷開位置，將觸發繼電器工作，使KD9561音樂片工作，發出報警響聲，提醒注意安全。
 

 野外驅蚊功能

　　如圖(tu)6所示，由(you)(you)左邊(bian)555合(he)(he)成(cheng)的(de)振蕩頻率約(yue)為22KHz，再由(you)(you)右邊(bian)555單(dan)穩態(tai)電路產(chan)生一(yi)(yi)個50Hz，占空比(bi)為50％的(de)方波輸入左邊(bian)555的(de)5腳，合(he)(he)成(cheng)一(yi)(yi)種(zhong)噪(zao)聲(sheng)，用(yong)于(yu)驅趕蚊于(yu)。

　　電路測試

DC-DC電路測試

　　由(you)圖7可見，移(yi)動電(dian)源連續放電(dian)的總能量在(zai)2200mAh以上，輸出(chu)穩(wen)定。

擴展功能模塊的測試

　　夜行高亮燈管的有效光程為6米。報警系統能夠正常工作。驅蚊系統發出21KHz的噪聲，對蚊子具有明顯的驅趕作用。
總體測試

　　實(shi)驗結(jie)果(guo)證明(ming)，多(duo)功能(neng)(neng)隨身電源(yuan)能(neng)(neng)對市面上(shang)大多(duo)數手機連續充電5次以上(shang)，對MP3、MP4充電12次以上(shang)，表(biao)明(ming)隨身電源(yuan)在戶外活動中有充足的能(neng)(neng)量儲(chu)備。

　　本系統方(fang)案(an)設計將多(duo)功能、低功耗、安全性、高(gao)容量、重量輕等(deng)諸多(duo)特(te)點整(zheng)(zheng)合在一起，使(shi)整(zheng)(zheng)個產(chan)品(pin)的設計符(fu)合實(shi)際使(shi)用要求，具有廣闊(kuo)的市場前(qian)景。

　　該方案科學縝(zhen)密地(di)排(pai)除(chu)了鋰芯在使用過程中出現(xian)的各種安(an)全隱患，與此同(tong)時，還(huan)巧妙地(di)設計了幾個人性化的功能模塊，滿(man)足了戶外活動的常見需求。