本文設計了一種多功能、高(gao)效、低功耗、安(an)全(quan)的(de)隨身移動電源，以滿(man)足(zu)戶外需(xu)求，將有很大的(de)實用價值。

　　本文論述的電路系統設計由五部分組成：鋰芯容量指示電路、電芯保護電路、電充電管理路、DC-DC升壓電路和功能擴展電路。
多功能隨身電源的系統設計

　　鋰芯容量指示電路由XC61CC系列的電壓監控芯片組成。電芯保護電路由過充保護、過放保護、過溫保護三部分組成，HAT2027、R5402、自恢復保險絲構建了三重保護，使鋰芯安全性大大增強。充電管理電路采用了CN3066，將充電過程分為涓流充電、恒流充電、恒壓充電和維護充電四個部分，使移動隨身電源能夠最大程度地儲備能量。DC-DC升壓電路采用了MAX1771集成芯片，可將鋰芯容量在安全范圍內最大限度釋放，達到對多種數碼設備供電的目的。功能擴展涵蓋了戶外活動所涉及的常見需求，具有應急夜間高亮照、戶外防盜安全警報、野營驅蚊等功能。多功能隨身電源的電路實現
 

DC-DC升壓電路

　　本(ben)系(xi)統中，DC-DC升壓電(dian)(dian)路主要由MAX1771構成，該(gai)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)器采用獨特的(de)(de)(de)(de)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)方(fang)(fang)案(an)，結(jie)合PFM（脈沖頻率調制(zhi)(zhi)）及(ji)PWM（脈沖寬(kuan)度調制(zhi)(zhi)）的(de)(de)(de)(de)優越性，提(ti)供(gong)一個(ge)高效、較(jiao)寬(kuan)電(dian)(dian)壓調節(jie)范(fan)圍的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)源。前者具(ju)有較(jiao)小(xiao)(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)靜態電(dian)(dian)流(liu)，負(fu)載小(xiao)(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)情況下效率較(jiao)高，但(dan)紋(wen)波較(jiao)大。后者在負(fu)載大的(de)(de)(de)(de)情況下具(ju)有較(jiao)高的(de)(de)(de)(de)效率，噪聲(sheng)小(xiao)(xiao)。該(gai)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)器采用的(de)(de)(de)(de)是一種改進型的(de)(de)(de)(de)限(xian)流(liu)PFM控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)方(fang)(fang)式，控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)電(dian)(dian)路限(xian)制(zhi)(zhi)電(dian)(dian)感充(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)，使其不超過某(mou)一峰值電(dian)(dian)流(liu)。既(ji)保持了傳(chuan)統PFM的(de)(de)(de)(de)低靜態電(dian)(dian)流(liu)，同(tong)時在較(jiao)大負(fu)載的(de)(de)(de)(de)情況下，也(ye)具(ju)有很(hen)高的(de)(de)(de)(de)效率。而(er)且由于限(xian)制(zhi)(zhi)了峰值電(dian)(dian)流(liu)，采用很(hen)小(xiao)(xiao)體(ti)積的(de)(de)(de)(de)外圍元件就(jiu)可獲得滿意的(de)(de)(de)(de)輸出紋(wen)波，這樣便于降低電(dian)(dian)路成本(ben)及(ji)尺寸。

　　如圖2所示，將4腳接地，可使其工作在(zai)閉環狀態。芯片由(you)引腳2上的(de)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)供電(dian)(dian)，同時也是輸出(chu)(chu)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)。輸入(ru)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)可以進行從(cong)2V到(dao)輸出(chu)(chu)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)的(de)變化。外(wai)接MOS管(guan)柵(zha)極1腳上的(de)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)，從(cong)輸出(chu)(chu)電(dian)(dian)平到(dao)零(ling)電(dian)(dian)平跳(tiao)變，這(zhe)樣可以提供更(geng)人(ren)的(de)柵(zha)極驅動，從(cong)而減小外(wai)接MOS管(guan)的(de)開(kai)啟(qi)電(dian)(dian)阻(zu)。

　　MAX1771外接MOS管平時(shi)(shi)是關(guan)(guan)閉的，此(ci)時(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)感儲能。關(guan)(guan)閉期間，MAX1771會(hui)檢(jian)測外部輸(shu)入電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓，一旦降低到了一定限度，MAX1771就會(hui)開啟(qi)外部MOS管，電(dian)(dian)(dian)感釋放能量，重新提(ti)供驅動電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓。開關(guan)(guan)頻率(lv)隨負(fu)載電(dian)(dian)(dian)流和輸(shu)入電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓而(er)定。5V電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓通過兩個(ge)反饋(kui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)分壓得到。

　　此(ci)外，續流二極管選用肖特基二極管SS34，該器(qi)件正向導通電壓小(xiao)，響應時間短。

鋰芯容量指示電路

　　本系統(tong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路設計采用了一種(zhong)比較簡單且實(shi)用的方法，即(ji)通(tong)過(guo)測試(shi)鋰(li)芯電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)的時(shi)間電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓特性(xing)曲(qu)線，選(xuan)取整個放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)過(guo)程的四個位點電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓，用電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓來(lai)估算電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的容(rong)量。

　　如圖3所示(shi)(shi)，當按下電(dian)(dian)壓容量(liang)指示(shi)(shi)的(de)功(gong)能按鍵，鋰芯的(de)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)壓會加到XC61系列芯片(pian)(pian)的(de)VIN與VSS引腳(jiao)上(shang)。當電(dian)(dian)壓高丁4.1V，四(si)個(ge)(ge)芯片(pian)(pian)同(tong)時(shi)工作，電(dian)(dian)池(chi)與限流電(dian)(dian)阻、LED發光(guang)管(guan)形成(cheng)四(si)個(ge)(ge)回路。此(ci)時(shi)四(si)個(ge)(ge)發光(guang)管(guan)同(tong)時(shi)發亮，表示(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)容量(liang)飽和。當電(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)壓在4.1V～3.8V之間，只有(you)三個(ge)(ge)芯片(pian)(pian)工作，4102不工作，此(ci)時(shi)形成(cheng)三個(ge)(ge)回路，三個(ge)(ge)發光(guang)管(guan)發亮，表示(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)容量(liang)有(you)所下降。同(tong)理可知其它的(de)兩種情況。

鋰芯保護電路

　　如圖1所(suo)示，電芯保護電路(lu)主要由R5402和HAT2027共同組成(cheng)。除此(ci)之(zhi)外，自恢復保險(xian)絲(si)起到了最(zui)后一層保護的作用(yong)。

　　R5402是(shi)一種高精度、基(ji)于(yu)CMOS的鋰芯(xin)電(dian)池電(dian)壓保護芯(xin)片。HAT2027是(shi)具有電(dian)流流通方向可調的雙MOS產品。

　　充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓從低到(dao)高上升，當電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓大于4.25V時，充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)狀態被鎖(suo)存，引腳(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)COUT就會(hui)從高電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平跳為低電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平，HAT2027內置二極(ji)管發揮單向(xiang)導通(tong)作(zuo)用。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流方(fang)向(xiang)只能從1腳(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)到(dao)3腳(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)，充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)無法繼(ji)續給鋰(li)芯(xin)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。如果充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)繼(ji)續加載在鋰(li)芯(xin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池組兩端，即(ji)使鋰(li)芯(xin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓在4.25V以下，R5402具有的過(guo)充鎖(suo)存狀態也(ye)不會(hui)被釋放。這樣就保證(zheng)了電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池組在連續充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)飽和之后，能鎖(suo)存在過(guo)充狀態，隔(ge)離充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)對高能量(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池組持續充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。只有當過(guo)充時，斷開充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)，過(guo)充鎖(suo)存狀態才(cai)會(hui)被釋放，COUT重新變為高電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平，HAT2027的1、3引腳(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)此時雙向(xiang)導通(tong)，鋰(li)芯(xin)才(cai)能正常工作(zuo)。

　　放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)下(xia)降，當(dang)小于(yu)(yu)2.3V時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)狀(zhuang)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)被(bei)(bei)(bei)鎖(suo)存(cun)，引腳(jiao)(jiao)DOUT的輸(shu)出從(cong)高(gao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)跳為低電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)，HAT2027內(nei)置二極管發揮單(dan)向(xiang)導通作用。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流方向(xiang)只能從(cong)3腳(jiao)(jiao)到1腳(jiao)(jiao)，鋰(li)芯(xin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池組(zu)無法(fa)繼(ji)續(xu)給負(fu)載放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。如果沒有接上充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源，即(ji)使(shi)鋰(li)芯(xin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)高(gao)于(yu)(yu)過放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)的最大值，放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)鎖(suo)存(cun)狀(zhuang)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)也(ye)不會(hui)被(bei)(bei)(bei)釋放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)，這就(jiu)保證了電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池組(zu)在經(jing)過長時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)下(xia)降到2.3V之后，能鎖(suo)存(cun)在過放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)狀(zhuang)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)，隔離低能量電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池組(zu)持續(xu)放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。只有當(dang)過放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，接上充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源，鋰(li)芯(xin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)開始(shi)高(gao)于(yu)(yu)過放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，過放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)鎖(suo)存(cun)狀(zhuang)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)才會(hui)被(bei)(bei)(bei)釋放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)，同時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)引腳(jiao)(jiao)DOUT的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)重新變(bian)為高(gao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)，HAT2027的1、3引腳(jiao)(jiao)雙(shuang)向(xiang)導通，鋰(li)芯(xin)既能工作在放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)狀(zhuang)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)，又能工作在充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)狀(zhuang)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)。

　　當(dang)鋰芯短路(lu)時，D。，跳到(dao)(dao)低(di)電(dian)(dian)平(ping)。此(ci)時，鋰芯受(shou)HAT2027控制(zhi)無法(fa)放電(dian)(dian)，起到(dao)(dao)鋰芯保(bao)護作用。與此(ci)同(tong)時，自恢復保(bao)險(xian)絲(si)由(you)于短路(lu)的(de)大電(dian)(dian)流，會受(shou)熱膨(peng)脹，電(dian)(dian)路(lu)切(qie)斷(duan)，起到(dao)(dao)最(zui)后(hou)一(yi)層(ceng)保(bao)護的(de)作用。當(dang)短路(lu)故障排除(chu)，白(bai)恢復保(bao)險(xian)絲(si)恢復，R5402檢電(dian)(dian)器釋(shi)放，D。，，重(zhong)新恢復高電(dian)(dian)平(ping)。

　　該電路還增設了“休眠”的功能。當電路工作在過放狀態，補充電流將會保持非常低的值，從而停止內部電路的工作，使低能量的鋰芯不會被R5402和系統后級回路繼續消耗能量。該電路還具有瞬時監控功能。在鋰芯負極取一個電壓接到R5402的V引腳，內置檢電器的延時可以減少大概1／57秒。因此，可以監測電池容量瞬時狀態。
 

充電管理電路

　　充電管理電路由CN3066和繼電器構成，如圖4所示。當隨身電源監測到有充電器對其充(chong)(chong)電(dian)時，繼電(dian)器令CN3066開始工作，CN3066將整個充(chong)(chong)電(dian)管(guan)理過程分為四個部分，即(ji)預(yu)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)、恒流充(chong)(chong)電(dian)、恒壓充(chong)(chong)電(dian)以及維(wei)護充(chong)(chong)電(dian)。

　　當(dang)CN3066開始工作時，CN3066會檢測(ce)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓是(shi)否(fou)較(jiao)低，如果是(shi)，則采用(yong)涓(juan)流(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，即一(yi)個比(bi)較(jiao)小的(de)(de)恒(heng)定電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)進行(xing)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，直至電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓上升到(dao)一(yi)個安全值(zhi)。之(zhi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)，充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)保(bao)持較(jiao)大值(zhi)不變(bian)，通常是(shi)涓(juan)流(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)的(de)(de)10倍(bei)或(huo)更大。1000mAh的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)采用(yong)700mA電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，這(zhe)可以避(bi)免(mian)大電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)對鋰(li)(li)芯的(de)(de)損壞。在恒(heng)流(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)和涓(juan)流(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)狀(zhuang)態(tai)(tai)(tai)下(xia)，充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)管理芯片連續監(jian)控(kong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓，當(dang)單節(jie)鋰(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓達到(dao)4.2V，恒(heng)流(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)狀(zhuang)態(tai)(tai)(tai)結(jie)束，轉入恒(heng)壓充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)狀(zhuang)態(tai)(tai)(tai)。在該狀(zhuang)態(tai)(tai)(tai)下(xia)，充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓恒(heng)定在4.2V。當(dang)鋰(li)(li)芯的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)下(xia)降為(wei)原來的(de)(de)1／10之(zhi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)，恒(heng)壓充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)狀(zhuang)態(tai)(tai)(tai)結(jie)束。在維護充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)狀(zhuang)態(tai)(tai)(tai)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)足電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)后(hou)(hou)(hou)，若移動(dong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源仍插在充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器上，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)會由于自放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)而(er)損失電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量。CN3066以非常小的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)對鋰(li)(li)芯充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)或(huo)監(jian)測(ce)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)，以備(bei)對鋰(li)(li)芯再(zai)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，這(zhe)種狀(zhuang)態(tai)(tai)(tai)稱為(wei)維護充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)狀(zhuang)態(tai)(tai)(tai)。

　　在本電(dian)(dian)路(lu)中(zhong)，CN3066會實時(shi)監測鋰(li)芯的(de)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)、溫度、充(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流和充(chong)電(dian)(dian)時(shi)間。一旦電(dian)(dian)池的(de)溫度達(da)到60℃，或鋰(li)離子電(dian)(dian)池的(de)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)達(da)到4.2V，恒壓(ya)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)狀態自動終止。此(ci)外，還(huan)應設置最長恒壓(ya)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)時(shi)間。在溫度和電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)檢測失(shi)敗的(de)情況下，可(ke)以保證鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)池安全充(chong)電(dian)(dian)。

　　當拔掉充電器，CN3066關閉，隨身電源(yuan)處(chu)于(yu)預(yu)放電狀態。多功(gong)能擴(kuo)展電路

高亮照明功能

　　戶外活(huo)動(dong)時(shi)，特別是夜間活(huo)動(dong)，需(xu)要(yao)一個高(gao)(gao)亮(liang)的光(guang)源。如圖5所示，夜行高(gao)(gao)亮(liang)照(zhao)明系統，在USB輸出口可得到(dao)5V電壓，加上高(gao)(gao)亮(liang)發(fa)光(guang)二極管和一個小的限流(liu)電阻共同組成(cheng)。高(gao)(gao)亮(liang)管足夠5米內的照(zhao)明光(guang)程。

戶外報警功能

　　戶(hu)外(wai)出(chu)行，個人財(cai)物的防(fang)盜至關(guan)重(zhong)要。安(an)全(quan)可靠的報警系統有助于保障個人財(cai)物的安(an)全(quan)，特別是戶(hu)外(wai)野營(ying)，靈敏的防(fang)盜措施在夜(ye)間(jian)將發(fa)揮其巨大功效。

　　如圖5所示，當按下預報警功能鍵時，USB輸出電壓加載在報警系統上，此時移動隨身電源處于“預報警”狀態。當水銀開關B1位置偏移正常的斷開位置，將觸發繼電器工作，使KD9561音樂片工作，發出報警響聲，提醒注意安全。
 

 野外驅蚊功能

　　如圖(tu)6所示，由左(zuo)邊555合(he)成的振(zhen)蕩頻率約(yue)為(wei)22KHz，再由右邊555單(dan)穩態電路產生一個50Hz，占(zhan)空比為(wei)50％的方波(bo)輸入左(zuo)邊555的5腳，合(he)成一種噪聲，用(yong)于驅趕蚊于。

　　電路測試

DC-DC電路測試

　　由圖7可見(jian)，移動電源連續放電的總能量在2200mAh以(yi)上，輸出穩定。

擴展功能模塊的測試

　　夜行高亮燈管的有效光程為6米。報警系統能夠正常工作。驅蚊系統發出21KHz的噪聲，對蚊子具有明顯的驅趕作用。
總體測試

　　實驗(yan)結果(guo)證明(ming)，多(duo)功(gong)能隨身(shen)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)能對市面(mian)上大多(duo)數手機(ji)連(lian)續充(chong)電(dian)(dian)5次(ci)以上，對MP3、MP4充(chong)電(dian)(dian)12次(ci)以上，表明(ming)隨身(shen)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)在戶(hu)外活動中有(you)充(chong)足的(de)能量(liang)儲備。

　　本系統方案設(she)計將多功能、低功耗、安(an)全性(xing)、高容量(liang)、重量(liang)輕等諸多特點整(zheng)合在(zai)一(yi)起，使(shi)整(zheng)個產品(pin)的設(she)計符合實際使(shi)用要求，具(ju)有廣闊的市(shi)場前(qian)景。

　　該方(fang)案科學(xue)縝密地排(pai)除(chu)了(le)鋰芯(xin)在使用(yong)過(guo)程中出現的(de)各種安(an)全(quan)隱患，與此(ci)同時(shi)，還巧(qiao)妙地設計了(le)幾(ji)個(ge)人性化(hua)的(de)功能模塊，滿足了(le)戶外(wai)活動的(de)常見需(xu)求。