電源適配器和充電器(qi)(qi)在我們的生活中(zhong)都十分常見(jian)，都是(shi)充電的輔助(zhu)設備。但是(shi)電源適配(pei)器(qi)(qi)和充電器(qi)(qi)是(shi)什(shen)么?有什(shen)么區別和關系?這些你都了解嗎?今天我們一(yi)起來看一(yi)下(xia)。

　　一、充電器

　　充電(dian)器:英文(wen)名稱Charger，通(tong)常指的是一(yi)種(zhong)將交流電(dian)轉(zhuan)換為(wei)低(di)壓直(zhi)流電(dian)的設備，充電(dian)器是給可充電(dian)電(dian)池用的專用直(zhi)流電(dian)源，它內(nei)部包括了限流，限壓等(deng)滿足(zu)充電(dian)特性(xing)的控(kong)制電(dian)路。

　　充電器(qi)在各個領域用途(tu)廣(guang)泛，特別是在生活領域被(bei)廣(guang)泛用于電動車，手(shou)電筒等(deng)常見電器(qi)。它一(yi)般是給電池直(zhi)接充電，不(bu)通(tong)過任何中介設備和裝置.

　　充電器的流程

　　充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器的(de)流(liu)程(cheng)是：恒(heng)(heng)流(liu)-恒(heng)(heng)壓-涓流(liu)，三階(jie)式智能(neng)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)。充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)過程(cheng)中的(de)三段式充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)理論則可以大大提高電(dian)(dian)池的(de)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)效(xiao)率，縮短(duan)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)時間(jian)，并能(neng)有效(xiao)延長電(dian)(dian)池壽命。三段式充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)采(cai)用先恒(heng)(heng)流(liu)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)，再恒(heng)(heng)壓充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)，最后采(cai)用浮充(chong)(chong)進行維護充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)。

　　一般分為快速(su)充電、補(bu)足(zu)充電、涓流(liu)充電三個(ge)階段:

　　1、快速充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)階(jie)段(duan)：用大電(dian)(dian)(dian)流對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池進行充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)以迅速恢(hui)復電(dian)(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)(dian)能，充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)速率可以達1C以上(shang)，此時充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓較低，但會限制充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流在一定數值范圍之內。

　　2、補足充(chong)(chong)電(dian)階段(duan)：相對于快(kuai)速(su)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)階段(duan)，補足充(chong)(chong)電(dian)階段(duan)又可以(yi)稱為(wei)(wei)慢速(su)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)階段(duan)。當快(kuai)速(su)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)階段(duan)終(zhong)止時，電(dian)池(chi)并未完全充(chong)(chong)足，還需加(jia)入補足充(chong)(chong)電(dian)過(guo)(guo)程，補足充(chong)(chong)電(dian)速(su)率一(yi)(yi)般不(bu)超過(guo)(guo)0.3C，因為(wei)(wei)電(dian)池(chi)電(dian)壓經過(guo)(guo)快(kuai)速(su)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)階段(duan)后(hou)有所升高(gao)，所以(yi)補足充(chong)(chong)電(dian)階段(duan)的充(chong)(chong)電(dian)電(dian)壓也(ye)應該有所提升，并且恒定(ding)在一(yi)(yi)定(ding)范圍(wei)之(zhi)內。

　　3、涓(juan)流充電(dian)(dian)(dian)階段：在補足(zu)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)階段后(hou)期(qi)，當檢測到溫度上(shang)升(sheng)超過極限(xian)值(zhi)或充電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流減小(xiao)到一定(ding)值(zhi)之后(hou)，開(kai)始用更小(xiao)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流進行充電(dian)(dian)(dian)直至滿(man)足(zu)一定(ding)的(de)條件后(hou)結束充電(dian)(dian)(dian)。

　　二、電源適配器

　　電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)適配器:英文名稱Adapter，市場上常(chang)見的(de)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)適配器是經過(guo)變(bian)壓，整(zheng)流和穩壓的(de)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)變(bian)換(huan)器，輸出(chu)的(de)是直流，在滿足功率的(de)情況下可(ke)以理解為低(di)壓穩壓電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)。

　　電源(yuan)(yuan)適配(pei)(pei)器(qi)廣(guang)泛配(pei)(pei)套(tao)于路由器(qi)、電話子母機(ji)(ji)、游戲機(ji)(ji)、語言復讀機(ji)(ji)、隨身聽、筆記本、手機(ji)(ji)等設(she)備中。大部分(fen)電源(yuan)(yuan)適配(pei)(pei)器(qi)可(ke)以(yi)自動檢測(ce)100～240V交(jiao)流電(50/60Hz)。

　　電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)適配器是小型便攜(xie)式電(dian)(dian)(dian)子設備(bei)及電(dian)(dian)(dian)子電(dian)(dian)(dian)器的(de)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)變換設備(bei)，它把電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)外置，用一條線和(he)主機連接，這(zhe)樣(yang)可以縮(suo)小主機的(de)體積和(he)重量，只有(you)極少數(shu)的(de)設備(bei)和(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器把電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)內置在主機內。

　　它(ta)內部(bu)由電(dian)(dian)(dian)源變壓器(qi)和(he)(he)整流電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)組成，按其輸出類型(xing)可分為交流輸出型(xing)和(he)(he)直(zhi)流輸出型(xing);按連接方式可分為插墻式和(he)(he)桌面(mian)式。在電(dian)(dian)(dian)源適配器(qi)上(shang)都有一個銘牌(pai)，上(shang)面(mian)標(biao)示著功率，輸入(ru)(ru)輸出電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓和(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流量等指標(biao)，特別要(yao)注(zhu)意輸入(ru)(ru)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓的(de)范圍。

　　看了(le)(le)以上介(jie)紹，相(xiang)信大家對于電(dian)源適配器和充電(dian)器有(you)了(le)(le)簡單了(le)(le)解(jie)，其區(qu)別和關系(xi)自然(ran)也有(you)所了(le)(le)解(jie)。總之電(dian)源適配器和充電(dian)器都(dou)是我(wo)們生活中必(bi)要的設備(bei)一定要慎重選擇!