電源適配器和(he)充電(dian)器(qi)在我們的(de)生活(huo)中都(dou)(dou)十分(fen)常見，都(dou)(dou)是(shi)充電(dian)的(de)輔助設備。但是(shi)電(dian)源適配(pei)器(qi)和(he)充電(dian)器(qi)是(shi)什么?有什么區別和(he)關(guan)系?這些你都(dou)(dou)了解嗎(ma)?今天我們一起來看一下。

　　一、充電器

　　充電(dian)(dian)器:英文名稱(cheng)Charger，通常指的是(shi)一種將交流(liu)電(dian)(dian)轉換為低壓直流(liu)電(dian)(dian)的設備，充電(dian)(dian)器是(shi)給可充電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)池用的專用直流(liu)電(dian)(dian)源，它內部包(bao)括了限流(liu)，限壓等滿(man)足充電(dian)(dian)特性的控制電(dian)(dian)路。

　　充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)在各(ge)個領(ling)域用途廣(guang)泛，特(te)別(bie)是(shi)在生活領(ling)域被廣(guang)泛用于電(dian)(dian)(dian)動車(che)，手(shou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)筒等常見電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)。它一般是(shi)給電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)直接(jie)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，不通過任何中(zhong)介(jie)設備和裝置(zhi).

　　充電器的流程

　　充(chong)(chong)電器的(de)流程是(shi)：恒(heng)流-恒(heng)壓-涓(juan)流，三(san)階(jie)式智能(neng)充(chong)(chong)電。充(chong)(chong)電過(guo)程中的(de)三(san)段(duan)式充(chong)(chong)電理論則可以(yi)大大提高(gao)電池的(de)充(chong)(chong)電效率(lv)，縮短(duan)充(chong)(chong)電時間，并能(neng)有效延長電池壽命。三(san)段(duan)式充(chong)(chong)電采用先恒(heng)流充(chong)(chong)電，再恒(heng)壓充(chong)(chong)電，最(zui)后采用浮(fu)充(chong)(chong)進行維護充(chong)(chong)電。

　　一般(ban)分為快速充電、補足充電、涓流充電三個階段:

　　1、快速充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)階段：用(yong)大電(dian)流對電(dian)池進行充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)以(yi)迅速恢(hui)復電(dian)池電(dian)能，充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)速率(lv)可(ke)以(yi)達1C以(yi)上，此時充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)電(dian)壓較低，但會限制充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)電(dian)流在一定數(shu)值范(fan)圍(wei)之內。

　　2、補(bu)(bu)足(zu)(zu)(zu)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)階(jie)段(duan)：相對于快(kuai)速(su)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)階(jie)段(duan)，補(bu)(bu)足(zu)(zu)(zu)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)階(jie)段(duan)又(you)可以稱為慢速(su)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)階(jie)段(duan)。當(dang)快(kuai)速(su)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)階(jie)段(duan)終止時，電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)并未完全充(chong)(chong)足(zu)(zu)(zu)，還需加入補(bu)(bu)足(zu)(zu)(zu)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)過程，補(bu)(bu)足(zu)(zu)(zu)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)速(su)率一般不超(chao)過0.3C，因為電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)壓經(jing)過快(kuai)速(su)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)階(jie)段(duan)后有(you)所(suo)升(sheng)高，所(suo)以補(bu)(bu)足(zu)(zu)(zu)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)階(jie)段(duan)的充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)壓也應該有(you)所(suo)提升(sheng)，并且恒定在(zai)一定范圍之內。

　　3、涓流(liu)充(chong)電(dian)階段(duan)：在補足充(chong)電(dian)階段(duan)后期，當檢(jian)測(ce)到溫度上(shang)升超(chao)過(guo)極限值(zhi)或(huo)充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)流(liu)減(jian)小到一(yi)(yi)定值(zhi)之后，開始用更小的電(dian)流(liu)進行充(chong)電(dian)直至滿足一(yi)(yi)定的條件后結束充(chong)電(dian)。

　　二、電源適配器

　　電(dian)源(yuan)適配器(qi):英文名稱Adapter，市場上常見的(de)電(dian)源(yuan)適配器(qi)是(shi)經過變壓(ya)，整流(liu)和(he)穩(wen)壓(ya)的(de)電(dian)源(yuan)變換器(qi)，輸出的(de)是(shi)直流(liu)，在滿足(zu)功率(lv)的(de)情況下可以理解為低壓(ya)穩(wen)壓(ya)電(dian)源(yuan)。

　　電(dian)源(yuan)適配(pei)器廣(guang)泛配(pei)套于路由(you)器、電(dian)話子母機(ji)、游戲機(ji)、語言復讀機(ji)、隨身(shen)聽、筆記本、手(shou)機(ji)等設備中。大部(bu)分電(dian)源(yuan)適配(pei)器可以自(zi)動檢測(ce)100～240V交流電(dian)(50/60Hz)。

　　電(dian)(dian)源適配器(qi)(qi)是小型便(bian)攜式電(dian)(dian)子設(she)備(bei)及電(dian)(dian)子電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)的(de)供電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)源變換設(she)備(bei)，它(ta)把(ba)電(dian)(dian)源外置，用一條(tiao)線和主機(ji)連接，這樣可以縮小主機(ji)的(de)體積和重量，只有極(ji)少數的(de)設(she)備(bei)和電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)把(ba)電(dian)(dian)源內(nei)置在主機(ji)內(nei)。

　　它(ta)內部由電源變壓(ya)器和(he)(he)(he)整流電路組成，按其輸(shu)出(chu)(chu)類型可分為(wei)(wei)交流輸(shu)出(chu)(chu)型和(he)(he)(he)直流輸(shu)出(chu)(chu)型;按連接方式(shi)可分為(wei)(wei)插墻式(shi)和(he)(he)(he)桌(zhuo)面式(shi)。在(zai)電源適配器上(shang)都(dou)有一個銘(ming)牌(pai)，上(shang)面標示著功(gong)率(lv)，輸(shu)入(ru)輸(shu)出(chu)(chu)電壓(ya)和(he)(he)(he)電流量(liang)等指標，特別要注意輸(shu)入(ru)電壓(ya)的(de)范圍。

　　看了(le)以上(shang)介紹，相信大家對于電源適(shi)配(pei)器和充電器有了(le)簡單了(le)解(jie)，其區(qu)別和關系自然也有所(suo)了(le)解(jie)。總之電源適(shi)配(pei)器和充電器都是(shi)我們生活中必要的設(she)備一定要慎重選擇!