電源適配器和充電(dian)器在我們的生活中(zhong)都(dou)十分(fen)常(chang)見，都(dou)是充電(dian)的輔助設備(bei)。但是電(dian)源(yuan)適配(pei)器和充電(dian)器是什么(me)?有什么(me)區別和關(guan)系(xi)?這些你(ni)都(dou)了解嗎?今天我們一起(qi)來(lai)看(kan)一下。

　　一、充電器

　　充(chong)電(dian)器:英(ying)文名稱Charger，通常指(zhi)的(de)是一(yi)種將交流(liu)電(dian)轉換(huan)為(wei)低(di)壓(ya)直(zhi)流(liu)電(dian)的(de)設備，充(chong)電(dian)器是給可充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)池(chi)用的(de)專用直(zhi)流(liu)電(dian)源，它內部包括了限流(liu)，限壓(ya)等滿足充(chong)電(dian)特性的(de)控制(zhi)電(dian)路。

　　充電(dian)器(qi)在各個領域用(yong)途廣泛(fan)，特別是(shi)在生活領域被廣泛(fan)用(yong)于電(dian)動車，手電(dian)筒(tong)等(deng)常見電(dian)器(qi)。它一(yi)般(ban)是(shi)給(gei)電(dian)池直接充電(dian)，不通(tong)過(guo)任(ren)何中介設備和裝置(zhi).

　　充電器的流程

　　充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器的(de)(de)流程是：恒(heng)流-恒(heng)壓-涓流，三階式智能充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)。充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)過程中的(de)(de)三段式充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)理論則可(ke)以大大提高電(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)效(xiao)率，縮(suo)短充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)時間，并能有(you)效(xiao)延(yan)長電(dian)(dian)池(chi)壽命。三段式充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)采用(yong)先恒(heng)流充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)，再恒(heng)壓充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)，最(zui)后采用(yong)浮充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)進行(xing)維護(hu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)。

　　一般分為快速充電、補足充電、涓(juan)流充電三個階段:

　　1、快速充(chong)電(dian)(dian)階(jie)段：用大電(dian)(dian)流(liu)對電(dian)(dian)池進行充(chong)電(dian)(dian)以迅速恢復電(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)能，充(chong)電(dian)(dian)速率可以達1C以上，此(ci)時充(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)壓較低，但會限(xian)制充(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)在一定(ding)數值范(fan)圍之(zhi)內(nei)。

　　2、補足(zu)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)階(jie)(jie)段(duan)：相對于快(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)速(su)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)階(jie)(jie)段(duan)，補足(zu)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)階(jie)(jie)段(duan)又(you)可以(yi)稱為(wei)慢(man)速(su)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)階(jie)(jie)段(duan)。當快(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)速(su)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)階(jie)(jie)段(duan)終止時，電(dian)池并(bing)未完全充(chong)(chong)足(zu)，還需加入補足(zu)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)過(guo)程，補足(zu)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)速(su)率一般不(bu)超過(guo)0.3C，因為(wei)電(dian)池電(dian)壓(ya)經過(guo)快(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)速(su)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)階(jie)(jie)段(duan)后有所升高，所以(yi)補足(zu)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)階(jie)(jie)段(duan)的充(chong)(chong)電(dian)電(dian)壓(ya)也應(ying)該(gai)有所提升，并(bing)且恒定在一定范圍之內。

　　3、涓流充(chong)電(dian)(dian)階(jie)段(duan)：在補足充(chong)電(dian)(dian)階(jie)段(duan)后(hou)期，當檢測到溫度上升超過極限值或充(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流減小到一定(ding)值之后(hou)，開始用(yong)更小的電(dian)(dian)流進行充(chong)電(dian)(dian)直至滿足一定(ding)的條件后(hou)結束充(chong)電(dian)(dian)。

　　二、電源適配器

　　電源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)適配(pei)器(qi):英文名稱Adapter，市場上(shang)常(chang)見的(de)電源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)適配(pei)器(qi)是經過變壓，整流(liu)和穩壓的(de)電源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)變換器(qi)，輸出的(de)是直流(liu)，在(zai)滿足功率的(de)情況下(xia)可(ke)以理(li)解為低(di)壓穩壓電源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。

　　電(dian)源適配器(qi)廣泛配套于路由器(qi)、電(dian)話子母機(ji)、游戲機(ji)、語言復讀(du)機(ji)、隨身聽、筆記(ji)本、手機(ji)等設備中。大部分電(dian)源適配器(qi)可以自動檢(jian)測(ce)100～240V交流(liu)電(dian)(50/60Hz)。

　　電(dian)(dian)源適配器是小型便攜式電(dian)(dian)子設(she)備(bei)及電(dian)(dian)子電(dian)(dian)器的供電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)源變換設(she)備(bei)，它把(ba)(ba)電(dian)(dian)源外置，用一條線和(he)主(zhu)機連接(jie)，這樣可(ke)以縮小主(zhu)機的體積(ji)和(he)重量，只有極少數的設(she)備(bei)和(he)電(dian)(dian)器把(ba)(ba)電(dian)(dian)源內置在主(zhu)機內。

　　它內(nei)部由電(dian)源變壓(ya)器和(he)整流電(dian)路組(zu)成(cheng)，按(an)(an)其輸(shu)出(chu)(chu)類型可分(fen)為交流輸(shu)出(chu)(chu)型和(he)直流輸(shu)出(chu)(chu)型;按(an)(an)連接方(fang)式可分(fen)為插墻式和(he)桌面(mian)式。在電(dian)源適(shi)配(pei)器上(shang)都有(you)一個銘牌，上(shang)面(mian)標示著功率，輸(shu)入輸(shu)出(chu)(chu)電(dian)壓(ya)和(he)電(dian)流量等指標，特別要注意輸(shu)入電(dian)壓(ya)的范圍。

　　看了(le)以(yi)上介紹，相信大家對(dui)于電源適(shi)(shi)配器(qi)和(he)充電器(qi)有(you)了(le)簡(jian)單了(le)解，其區別和(he)關系自然也有(you)所(suo)了(le)解。總之電源適(shi)(shi)配器(qi)和(he)充電器(qi)都是我們生活中必要的設備一定要慎重選(xuan)擇!