電源適配器和(he)充(chong)(chong)電器在(zai)我們的(de)生(sheng)活中(zhong)都(dou)十(shi)分(fen)常見(jian)，都(dou)是充(chong)(chong)電的(de)輔助設備。但是電源適配器和(he)充(chong)(chong)電器是什(shen)么?有什(shen)么區(qu)別和(he)關系?這些(xie)你都(dou)了解嗎?今天我們一起(qi)來看一下。

　　一、充電器

　　充(chong)電(dian)器:英文名稱Charger，通常(chang)指的(de)是一種將(jiang)交流(liu)(liu)電(dian)轉換為低壓直流(liu)(liu)電(dian)的(de)設備(bei)，充(chong)電(dian)器是給可充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)池用(yong)的(de)專用(yong)直流(liu)(liu)電(dian)源，它內部包(bao)括(kuo)了(le)限(xian)流(liu)(liu)，限(xian)壓等滿足充(chong)電(dian)特性的(de)控制電(dian)路。

　　充(chong)電器在(zai)各個領域用途廣(guang)泛，特別(bie)是(shi)在(zai)生活領域被廣(guang)泛用于電動車，手電筒等常見電器。它一般是(shi)給(gei)電池直(zhi)接充(chong)電，不通(tong)過任何(he)中介設(she)備和(he)裝(zhuang)置(zhi).

　　充電器的流程

　　充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)的(de)流(liu)程是：恒(heng)流(liu)-恒(heng)壓(ya)-涓流(liu)，三(san)階式智能充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)過(guo)程中(zhong)的(de)三(san)段(duan)式充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)理論則(ze)可以(yi)大(da)大(da)提高電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)效(xiao)率(lv)，縮(suo)短充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時間，并能有(you)效(xiao)延長電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)壽命。三(san)段(duan)式充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)采用(yong)(yong)先恒(heng)流(liu)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，再恒(heng)壓(ya)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，最(zui)后采用(yong)(yong)浮充進(jin)行維護充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。

　　一般分為快速充電(dian)、補足(zu)充電(dian)、涓流(liu)充電(dian)三個階(jie)段:

　　1、快(kuai)速(su)充(chong)電(dian)階(jie)段：用大電(dian)流對電(dian)池進行充(chong)電(dian)以迅速(su)恢復(fu)電(dian)池電(dian)能，充(chong)電(dian)速(su)率可以達1C以上，此時充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)壓(ya)較低，但會限制充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)流在(zai)一定數值(zhi)范圍之內。

　　2、補足(zu)(zu)(zu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)階(jie)段(duan)(duan)：相對(dui)于快(kuai)速充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)階(jie)段(duan)(duan)，補足(zu)(zu)(zu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)階(jie)段(duan)(duan)又可(ke)以稱為(wei)慢(man)速充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)階(jie)段(duan)(duan)。當(dang)快(kuai)速充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)階(jie)段(duan)(duan)終止時，電(dian)(dian)池并(bing)未(wei)完全(quan)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)足(zu)(zu)(zu)，還需加入(ru)補足(zu)(zu)(zu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)過(guo)程，補足(zu)(zu)(zu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)速率一(yi)般不(bu)超過(guo)0.3C，因為(wei)電(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)壓經過(guo)快(kuai)速充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)階(jie)段(duan)(duan)后(hou)有所(suo)(suo)升高，所(suo)(suo)以補足(zu)(zu)(zu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)階(jie)段(duan)(duan)的充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)壓也應該(gai)有所(suo)(suo)提升，并(bing)且恒(heng)定在一(yi)定范(fan)圍之內(nei)。

　　3、涓流(liu)充電(dian)(dian)階(jie)段：在補(bu)足充電(dian)(dian)階(jie)段后(hou)(hou)期，當(dang)檢測到溫度上升(sheng)超(chao)過極限值或充電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)減小(xiao)到一(yi)定值之(zhi)后(hou)(hou)，開始(shi)用更小(xiao)的電(dian)(dian)流(liu)進行充電(dian)(dian)直(zhi)至滿足一(yi)定的條件(jian)后(hou)(hou)結束(shu)充電(dian)(dian)。

　　二、電源適配器

　　電源(yuan)(yuan)適配器(qi):英文名稱Adapter，市場上常見(jian)的(de)電源(yuan)(yuan)適配器(qi)是經過變壓(ya)(ya)，整流和穩(wen)壓(ya)(ya)的(de)電源(yuan)(yuan)變換器(qi)，輸(shu)出的(de)是直(zhi)流，在(zai)滿足功率的(de)情(qing)況下可以理解為低壓(ya)(ya)穩(wen)壓(ya)(ya)電源(yuan)(yuan)。

　　電(dian)(dian)源適配(pei)器廣泛配(pei)套于路由器、電(dian)(dian)話子母機(ji)(ji)、游戲機(ji)(ji)、語言(yan)復讀(du)機(ji)(ji)、隨身聽、筆(bi)記(ji)本、手機(ji)(ji)等設備中。大部分電(dian)(dian)源適配(pei)器可以自動檢測100～240V交流電(dian)(dian)(50/60Hz)。

　　電(dian)源適配器(qi)是小型便攜(xie)式電(dian)子(zi)設備及電(dian)子(zi)電(dian)器(qi)的供電(dian)電(dian)源變換設備，它把電(dian)源外(wai)置(zhi)，用一條(tiao)線和主機連(lian)接，這(zhe)樣可以(yi)縮小主機的體積和重(zhong)量，只(zhi)有極少數(shu)的設備和電(dian)器(qi)把電(dian)源內置(zhi)在(zai)主機內。

　　它內部由電(dian)(dian)源變壓(ya)器和(he)整流(liu)電(dian)(dian)路組成(cheng)，按其(qi)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)出(chu)(chu)類型可分為(wei)交流(liu)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)出(chu)(chu)型和(he)直(zhi)流(liu)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)出(chu)(chu)型;按連接(jie)方式可分為(wei)插墻式和(he)桌面式。在(zai)電(dian)(dian)源適配(pei)器上都(dou)有一個銘牌，上面標示著功(gong)率，輸(shu)(shu)(shu)入輸(shu)(shu)(shu)出(chu)(chu)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)和(he)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)量等(deng)指標，特別要(yao)注意輸(shu)(shu)(shu)入電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)的范圍。

　　看了以上介紹，相信大家對于電源適(shi)配器(qi)(qi)和(he)充電器(qi)(qi)有(you)了簡單了解，其區別和(he)關系自(zi)然也(ye)有(you)所了解。總之電源適(shi)配器(qi)(qi)和(he)充電器(qi)(qi)都是(shi)我們生活中必(bi)要的(de)設(she)備一(yi)定要慎重選擇(ze)!