在這里，首先要說明的是，充電是使用充電電池的(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)要(yao)步(bu)驟。適(shi)當合理的(de)(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)對延長電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)壽命很(hen)有好(hao)處，而野(ye)蠻胡亂(luan)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)將會對電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)壽命有很(hen)大(da)影響。上一篇曾說過，目前的(de)(de)(de)鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)基本都是根(gen)據各個產(chan)品(pin)單(dan)獨(du)封(feng)裝(zhuang)，互不(bu)通用的(de)(de)(de)，因(yin)此各個產(chan)品(pin)也提(ti)供各自(zi)的(de)(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)設備，互不(bu)通用，在使用時只要(yao)遵循各自(zi)的(de)(de)(de)說明(ming)書使用即可。所以本篇對電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)介紹(shao)主要(yao)是指鎳(nie)(nie)鎘電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)和(he)(he)(he)鎳(nie)(nie)氫(qing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)。對鎳(nie)(nie)隔電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)和(he)(he)(he)鎳(nie)(nie)氫(qing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)有兩種方式，就(jiu)是我們大(da)家所熟知(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)“快(kuai)充(chong)(chong)(chong)”和(he)(he)(he)“慢充(chong)(chong)(chong)”。快(kuai)充(chong)(chong)(chong)和(he)(he)(he)慢充(chong)(chong)(chong)是充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)一個重(zhong)要(yao)概念，只有了(le)解了(le)快(kuai)充(chong)(chong)(chong)和(he)(he)(he)慢充(chong)(chong)(chong)才能正確(que)掌握充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)。

　　首先，快充和慢充是個相對的概念。有人曾問，我的充電器充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)電(dian)流有200mA，是(shi)不(bu)是(shi)快(kuai)充(chong)(chong)(chong)？這個答案并(bing)不(bu)絕對(dui)，應該回答對(dui)于某些電(dian)池(chi)(chi)來(lai)說，它是(shi)快(kuai)充(chong)(chong)(chong)，而(er)對(dui)于某些電(dian)池(chi)(chi)來(lai)說，它只是(shi)慢充(chong)(chong)(chong)。那我們究竟怎(zen)樣來(lai)判別(bie)快(kuai)充(chong)(chong)(chong)還是(shi)慢充(chong)(chong)(chong)呢？

　　例(li)如(ru)一節(jie)5號鎳氫電(dian)池(chi)的電(dian)容(rong)量為1200mAH，而(er)另一節(jie)則為1600mAH。我們把一節(jie)電(dian)池(chi)的電(dian)容(rong)量稱為1C，可見1C只是一個邏輯概(gai)念，同樣的1C，并(bing)不相等。

　　在充(chong)(chong)電(dian)時(shi)，充(chong)(chong)電(dian)電(dian)流(liu)小(xiao)于0.1C時(shi)，我們稱為(wei)涓(juan)(juan)流(liu)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)。顧名思(si)義(yi)，是(shi)指電(dian)流(liu)很小(xiao)。一般(ban)而言，涓(juan)(juan)流(liu)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)能夠把(ba)電(dian)池充(chong)(chong)的很足，而不傷害電(dian)池壽命，但(dan)用涓(juan)(juan)流(liu)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)所花的時(shi)間實在太長，因(yin)此很少單獨使(shi)用，而是(shi)和其它充(chong)(chong)電(dian)方(fang)式結(jie)合使(shi)用。

　　充(chong)(chong)電(dian)電(dian)流在0.1C-0.2C之間時，我(wo)們(men)稱為慢速(su)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)。充(chong)(chong)電(dian)電(dian)流大于(yu)0.2C，小于(yu)0.8C則(ze)是快速(su)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)。而(er)當充(chong)(chong)電(dian)電(dian)流大于(yu)0.8C時，我(wo)們(men)稱之為超(chao)高(gao)速(su)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)。

　　正(zheng)因(yin)(yin)為1C是個邏輯概(gai)念而非絕對(dui)(dui)值(zhi)，因(yin)(yin)此根據1C折算的(de)(de)(de)(de)快充(chong)慢充(chong)也是一個相對(dui)(dui)值(zhi)。前面例子中提(ti)到的(de)(de)(de)(de)200mA充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)流(liu)對(dui)(dui)于1200mAH的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)池(chi)來(lai)(lai)說是慢充(chong)，而對(dui)(dui)于700mAH的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)池(chi)來(lai)(lai)說就(jiu)是快充(chong)。

　　知道了快慢充的(de)概念(nian)后(hou)，我們還需要(yao)了解充電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)的(de)情況才能對電(dian)(dian)池(chi)正(zheng)確充電(dian)(dian)。目前市場上的(de)充電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)主要(yao)分為恒流(liu)充電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)和自動充電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)兩種。

二、恒流充電器

　　恒流充電器是市場上最常見的(de)(de)(de)充電(dian)器(qi)，從鎳鎘電(dian)池時(shi)代，我們就開始使(shi)用(yong)(yong)恒流(liu)(liu)充電(dian)器(qi)。恒流(liu)(liu)充電(dian)器(qi)通常使(shi)用(yong)(yong)慢速(su)充電(dian)電(dian)流(liu)(liu)，它(ta)的(de)(de)(de)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)相對(dui)比較簡(jian)單，只(zhi)需將電(dian)池放在電(dian)池倉(cang)中即(ji)可充電(dian)。需要注意(yi)的(de)(de)(de)是，對(dui)充電(dian)時(shi)間的(de)(de)(de)計算要準確。

　　對充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時間(jian)的(de)計算有個簡單(dan)的(de)公(gong)式(shi)：Hour=1.5C/充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)。例如：對1200mAH的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)的(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)為(wei)150mA，則時間(jian)為(wei)1800mAH/150mA等(deng)于12小(xiao)時。當(dang)然在很多時候并不(bu)(bu)能(neng)計算出正(zheng)好的(de)時間(jian)，我(wo)們可以挑離(li)得最近的(de)半小(xiao)時以方便記時。例如：充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)為(wei)160mA，對1400mAH的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，則時間(jian)為(wei)2100mAH/160mA約為(wei)13小(xiao)時，而不(bu)(bu)用(yong)計算到分。恒(heng)流(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)的(de)構造(zao)簡單(dan)，工(gong)作穩定，是一(yi)種(zhong)不(bu)(bu)錯的(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)方式(shi)，對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池壽(shou)命的(de)影響(xiang)小(xiao)。但它也有其局(ju)限性，首先必(bi)須(xu)計算時間(jian)，另(ling)外隨著鎳氫電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)容量越來越大，恒(heng)流(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)所需的(de)時間(jian)也越來越長，對使(shi)用(yong)帶來了一(yi)定的(de)不(bu)(bu)便。因此，近年來快速(su)自動(dong)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)也逐漸流(liu)行起來

三、快速自動充電器

　　快速自動充(chong)(chong)(chong)電器(qi)(qi)在這兩年越來(lai)越受(shou)到大(da)家(jia)歡(huan)迎，它具(ju)有充(chong)(chong)(chong)電速度快，安全等特點。但也有一部分人(ren)對它有疑(yi)慮，因為快速充(chong)(chong)(chong)電器(qi)(qi)基本都使用快充(chong)(chong)(chong)電流來(lai)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電，這些人(ren)怕它會對電池的壽命產生影響。那么(me)實(shi)際的情況(kuang)如何呢？

首(shou)先要(yao)肯定的(de)是(shi)大電(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)對電(dian)(dian)池(chi)壽(shou)(shou)命的(de)影響是(shi)很小(xiao)的(de)，在很多情況下(xia)我們(men)都要(yao)用到快速充(chong)電(dian)(dian)甚至超高速充(chong)電(dian)(dian)，充(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)有時(shi)可以達到2C或更高。大電(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)并不是(shi)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)殺(sha)手(shou)，真正對電(dian)(dian)池(chi)壽(shou)(shou)命產生(sheng)影響的(de)是(shi)大電(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)時(shi)產生(sheng)的(de)高熱。

　　我們對(dui)(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時要使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)比電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)標稱電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)稍高的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)來進行(xing)，而(er)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)本身對(dui)(dui)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)會(hui)產生(sheng)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)反電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)勢(shi)，因此有(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)部分(fen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)為(wei)了(le)抵消反電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)勢(shi)而(er)白白作功，轉(zhuan)(zhuan)化(hua)(hua)為(wei)熱能(neng)(neng)。當(dang)(dang)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)越大(da)(da)，就(jiu)有(you)更多的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)被轉(zhuan)(zhuan)化(hua)(hua)為(wei)熱能(neng)(neng)，充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)就(jiu)越高。過(guo)高的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)對(dui)(dui)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)是有(you)害的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，在(zai)慢速(su)恒流(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)中，由于是慢速(su)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，產生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)熱量(liang)在(zai)可(ke)控制(zhi)(zhi)范(fan)(fan)圍內，因此并(bing)不(bu)(bu)需(xu)要采(cai)(cai)取特殊的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)措施。但在(zai)快速(su)自(zi)(zi)動充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)中，采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)快充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)就(jiu)會(hui)產生(sheng)更高的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)。因此目(mu)前市場上的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)快速(su)自(zi)(zi)動充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)都(dou)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)了(le)各種方(fang)法(fa)(fa)來降低(di)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)，通(tong)常所使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是余弦法(fa)(fa)，也(ye)就(jiu)是說(shuo)并(bing)非用(yong)(yong)(yong)恒定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，而(er)是像余弦波那樣電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)強(qiang)度(du)(du)隨之變化(hua)(hua)，這(zhe)(zhe)樣能(neng)(neng)緩解(jie)熱量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)積聚(ju)，從而(er)將溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)控制(zhi)(zhi)在(zai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)范(fan)(fan)圍內。由于這(zhe)(zhe)類充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)不(bu)(bu)再使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)恒定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，也(ye)和過(guo)去(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)恒流(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)有(you)明顯的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)區別使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)快速(su)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)另(ling)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)問題是，當(dang)(dang)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時間(jian)到(dao)了(le)之后如(ru)果忘記停止充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，對(dui)(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傷害要遠大(da)(da)于慢速(su)恒流(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)過(guo)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)產生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傷害。因此為(wei)了(le)解(jie)決(jue)過(guo)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)問題，快速(su)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)都(dou)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)了(le)比如(ru)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)斜率判斷法(fa)(fa)等方(fang)法(fa)(fa)來判斷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)是否接近充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)滿，這(zhe)(zhe)些充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)都(dou)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)了(le)控制(zhi)(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路或者IC芯片來完成這(zhe)(zhe)一(yi)(yi)(yi)任務。當(dang)(dang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)接近充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)滿時，控制(zhi)(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路會(hui)自(zi)(zi)動轉(zhuan)(zhuan)入涓流(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)模(mo)式(shi)，對(dui)(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)進行(xing)涓流(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)涓流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)對(dui)(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)進行(xing)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)好處(chu)是很(hen)明顯的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，其(qi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)如(ru)前所述，涓流(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)將電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)很(hen)滿，其(qi)次就(jiu)是不(bu)(bu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)擔心過(guo)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)問題，因此使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)這(zhe)(zhe)類充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最大(da)(da)好處(chu)就(jiu)是不(bu)(bu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)再去(qu)計(ji)算(suan)時間(jian)。具體的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)方(fang)法(fa)(fa)可(ke)以(yi)查看各自(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)說(shuo)明書，以(yi)防操作不(bu)(bu)當(dang)(dang)。快速(su)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)有(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)分(fen)支就(jiu)是超高速(su)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)，這(zhe)(zhe)類充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)范(fan)(fan)圍不(bu)(bu)大(da)(da)，設計(ji)、結(jie)構和工藝都(dou)很(hen)復雜，因此價格相當(dang)(dang)昂(ang)貴。

　　在(zai)(zai)一(yi)些特殊的(de)場合，人們需(xu)要在(zai)(zai)很(hen)(hen)短的(de)時間內充好電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池使用(yong)，這就需(xu)要使用(yong)超(chao)高速(su)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)。由于超(chao)高速(su)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)需(xu)要極大的(de)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)，有些甚至使用(yong)了2C-3C的(de)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)，其發(fa)熱(re)問題尤為嚴重，僅(jin)僅(jin)采用(yong)余(yu)弦波充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)還(huan)不夠，因此這類充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)很(hen)(hen)多都(dou)采用(yong)在(zai)(zai)一(yi)個(ge)余(yu)弦波后插入一(yi)個(ge)很(hen)(hen)短暫的(de)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)這種(zhong)方法。這種(zhong)做法可以(yi)緩解由于反(fan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)勢消(xiao)耗充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)所產生的(de)熱(re)量積累(lei)，從而(er)進一(yi)步控制溫度。

四、放電

　　上(shang)一篇曾介紹了(le)充電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)記(ji)憶效(xiao)應，我們(men)也知道當記(ji)憶效(xiao)應逐漸累積，會使(shi)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)際(ji)使(shi)用容量大幅下(xia)降。要(yao)(yao)減(jian)輕(qing)記(ji)憶效(xiao)應所帶(dai)來(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)負作用，一個有效(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)方法就是放電(dian)(dian)。一般來(lai)講(jiang)由于鎳鎘電(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)記(ji)憶效(xiao)應比較明顯，建議在反(fan)(fan)復充電(dian)(dian)使(shi)用5-10次(ci)后(hou)就作一次(ci)放電(dian)(dian)，而(er)鎳氫電(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)記(ji)憶效(xiao)應要(yao)(yao)好些，可以在反(fan)(fan)復充電(dian)(dian)使(shi)用20-30次(ci)后(hou)作一次(ci)放電(dian)(dian)。

　　在(zai)(zai)市場上(shang)(shang)銷售的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)些高檔充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)自身帶(dai)有(you)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)功能(neng)，但(dan)(dan)絕大部分的(de)(de)(de)中低檔充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)是(shi)(shi)沒有(you)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)功能(neng)的(de)(de)(de)，這時(shi)我(wo)(wo)們(men)該怎(zen)么辦呢(ni)？在(zai)(zai)了解了放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)原理后(hou)(hou)，我(wo)(wo)們(men)也可以(yi)自己嘗(chang)試著對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)進(jin)行放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。我(wo)(wo)們(men)已經知(zhi)道，鎳(nie)鎘(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)和鎳(nie)氫電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)標稱電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)是(shi)(shi)1.2V，但(dan)(dan)實際上(shang)(shang)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)是(shi)(shi)個變化的(de)(de)(de)值，隨著電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)是(shi)(shi)否充(chong)足，圍(wei)繞著1. 2V左右進(jin)行波(bo)(bo)動。一(yi)(yi)般在(zai)(zai)1V-1.4V之(zhi)(zhi)間波(bo)(bo)動，不(bu)(bu)同(tong)品(pin)牌(pai)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)由(you)于(yu)工藝上(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)盡相同(tong)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)波(bo)(bo)動范圍(wei)也不(bu)(bu)完全一(yi)(yi)致對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)進(jin)行放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)采用(yong)(yong)很小的(de)(de)(de)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流，使(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)緩慢(man)下(xia)降，下(xia)降到(dao)(dao)0.9V-1V之(zhi)(zhi)間，就(jiu)應該停止放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。不(bu)(bu)建(jian)議(yi)將(jiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)到(dao)(dao)0.9V之(zhi)(zhi)下(xia)，這樣做會造成(cheng)過(guo)度(du)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，使(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)受到(dao)(dao)不(bu)(bu)可逆的(de)(de)(de)傷害，上(shang)(shang)一(yi)(yi)篇(pian)曾說過(guo)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)不(bu)(bu)適(shi)合于(yu)用(yong)(yong)在(zai)(zai)家電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)遙控器(qi)中，就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)因(yin)為遙控器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流很小，長時(shi)間放(fang)在(zai)(zai)遙控器(qi)中使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)很容易造成(cheng)過(guo)度(du)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)經過(guo)一(yi)(yi)次正確的(de)(de)(de)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)后(hou)(hou)，你會驚喜的(de)(de)(de)發現電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)容量(liang)(liang)又恢復到(dao)(dao)原來(lai)的(de)(de)(de)水平，因(yin)此當發現電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)容量(liang)(liang)有(you)所(suo)下(xia)降時(shi)，就(jiu)最(zui)好作一(yi)(yi)次放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。

　　自己對(dui)電(dian)池做放(fang)(fang)電(dian)有個簡便的方(fang)法，就(jiu)是(shi)接(jie)一(yi)個小電(dian)珠作為負載，但必須使用電(dian)表來(lai)監視電(dian)壓值的變化(hua)，以防過度(du)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)。

對于(yu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)的選(xuan)擇，究竟是(shi)選(xuan)擇快速(su)(su)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)還(huan)是(shi)慢速(su)(su)恒流充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)，這主要(yao)(yao)看自己使(shi)用的側重點。例如(ru)經常(chang)外出(chu)使(shi)用數碼相機等設(she)(she)備的朋友(you)，就應該(gai)選(xuan)擇快速(su)(su)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)，以滿(man)足(zu)(zu)時(shi)間(jian)上(shang)的要(yao)(yao)求，甚至(zhi)可以購買超高速(su)(su)的充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)，而只使(shi)用隨身聽(ting)等設(she)(she)備的朋友(you)，恒流充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)就能滿(man)足(zu)(zu)需要(yao)(yao)在掌握了(le)正(zheng)確的充(chong)(chong)(chong)放電(dian)(dian)知識后，大(da)家(jia)一定能更好(hao)地使(shi)用自己的充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)。請大(da)家(jia)不要(yao)(yao)拘泥于(yu)快速(su)(su)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)。

充電時間計算

**********電(dian)池容量看(kan)電(dian)池外面的標注**************

*********充電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)看充電(dian)(dian)器上標注的(de)輸入(ru)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)*******

1、充電(dian)電(dian)流小(xiao)于等(deng)于電(dian)池容(rong)量的5％時 （慢(man)速）

充電(dian)時(shi)間(jian)（小時(shi)）＝電(dian)池容量（mAH）×1.6÷充電(dian)電(dian)流(mA)

2、充電(dian)電(dian)流大于(yu)(yu)電(dian)池容量的5％，小于(yu)(yu)等于(yu)(yu)10％時：（快速）

充電(dian)時(shi)間（小時(shi)）＝電(dian)池容量（mAH）×1.5÷充電(dian)電(dian)流(liu)(mA)

3、充電電流(liu)大于(yu)電池(chi)容量的10％，小于(yu)等于(yu)15％時：

充(chong)電時(shi)間(jian)（小時(shi)）＝電池容量（mAH）×1.3÷充(chong)電電流(mA

4、充電電流大于電池容量(liang)的(de)15％，小于等(deng)于20％時

充電時間（小時）＝電池容量(liang)（mAH）×1.2÷充電電流(mA)

5、充(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流大于電(dian)(dian)池容量的20％時(shi)：（超快(kuai)速(su)）

充電(dian)(dian)時間(jian)（小時）＝電(dian)(dian)池容量（mAH）×1.1÷充電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)(mA)