在這里，首先要說明的是，充電是使用充電電池的重要步驟。適當合(he)理(li)的充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)對延長電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)壽(shou)(shou)命很有好處，而野蠻胡(hu)亂充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)將會對電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)壽(shou)(shou)命有很大(da)影響。上一篇(pian)曾說(shuo)過，目前的鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)基本都是(shi)根據(ju)各(ge)(ge)個產品單獨封(feng)裝，互不通用(yong)的，因此各(ge)(ge)個產品也提供各(ge)(ge)自(zi)的充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)備(bei)，互不通用(yong)，在使(shi)用(yong)時(shi)只要遵循各(ge)(ge)自(zi)的說(shuo)明書使(shi)用(yong)即(ji)可。所以本篇(pian)對電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)的介紹主要是(shi)指(zhi)鎳(nie)鎘電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)和鎳(nie)氫電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)。對鎳(nie)隔(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)和鎳(nie)氫電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)有兩種方式，就是(shi)我們大(da)家所熟(shu)知的“快充(chong)”和“慢(man)充(chong)”。快充(chong)和慢(man)充(chong)是(shi)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)的一個重要概念，只有了(le)解了(le)快充(chong)和慢(man)充(chong)才能正確掌握充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)。

　　首先，快充和慢充是個相對的概念。有人曾問，我的充電器充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)流(liu)有200mA，是(shi)(shi)不(bu)是(shi)(shi)快(kuai)充(chong)？這個答案并不(bu)絕對(dui)，應該(gai)回答對(dui)于某(mou)些電(dian)池(chi)來(lai)說，它(ta)是(shi)(shi)快(kuai)充(chong)，而(er)對(dui)于某(mou)些電(dian)池(chi)來(lai)說，它(ta)只(zhi)是(shi)(shi)慢充(chong)。那我們究竟怎樣來(lai)判別快(kuai)充(chong)還是(shi)(shi)慢充(chong)呢？

　　例如一(yi)(yi)節5號鎳氫電池的電容量(liang)為1200mAH，而另一(yi)(yi)節則(ze)為1600mAH。我們(men)把一(yi)(yi)節電池的電容量(liang)稱為1C，可(ke)見(jian)1C只是一(yi)(yi)個(ge)邏輯(ji)概(gai)念，同樣的1C，并不相等(deng)。

　　在(zai)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)，充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流小(xiao)于0.1C時(shi)，我們稱為涓流充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。顧名思義，是指(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流很(hen)小(xiao)。一般而言，涓流充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能夠(gou)把電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池充的很(hen)足，而不傷害電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池壽命(ming)，但用(yong)涓流充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)所花的時(shi)間實在(zai)太長，因此很(hen)少單獨(du)使用(yong)，而是和其(qi)它充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)方式結合使用(yong)。

　　充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)在0.1C-0.2C之(zhi)間時，我(wo)們(men)(men)稱為(wei)慢速充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)。充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)大(da)于0.2C，小于0.8C則是(shi)快速充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)。而當充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)大(da)于0.8C時，我(wo)們(men)(men)稱之(zhi)為(wei)超高速充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)。

　　正(zheng)因為1C是個(ge)邏輯概(gai)念(nian)而非(fei)絕對值(zhi)，因此根據1C折算的快(kuai)(kuai)充(chong)(chong)慢(man)充(chong)(chong)也是一個(ge)相對值(zhi)。前(qian)面例子中(zhong)提(ti)到的200mA充(chong)(chong)電(dian)電(dian)流(liu)對于(yu)(yu)1200mAH的電(dian)池(chi)來說(shuo)是慢(man)充(chong)(chong)，而對于(yu)(yu)700mAH的電(dian)池(chi)來說(shuo)就是快(kuai)(kuai)充(chong)(chong)。

　　知道了(le)快慢充(chong)的概念后，我(wo)們(men)還需要(yao)(yao)了(le)解充(chong)電器(qi)的情(qing)況(kuang)才(cai)能(neng)對(dui)電池正確充(chong)電。目(mu)前(qian)市場(chang)上的充(chong)電器(qi)主要(yao)(yao)分為恒(heng)流充(chong)電器(qi)和自動充(chong)電器(qi)兩種(zhong)。

二、恒流充電器

　　恒流充電器是市場上(shang)最常(chang)見的充(chong)電(dian)器(qi)，從鎳(nie)鎘電(dian)池(chi)(chi)時(shi)(shi)代，我們(men)就開始使用恒(heng)流(liu)充(chong)電(dian)器(qi)。恒(heng)流(liu)充(chong)電(dian)器(qi)通常(chang)使用慢速(su)充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)流(liu)，它的使用相對(dui)比較簡單，只需(xu)將電(dian)池(chi)(chi)放(fang)在電(dian)池(chi)(chi)倉中即可充(chong)電(dian)。需(xu)要(yao)注意的是，對(dui)充(chong)電(dian)時(shi)(shi)間的計算要(yao)準確。

　　對(dui)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)計算(suan)有(you)個簡(jian)單(dan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)公式(shi)(shi)：Hour=1.5C/充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流。例如(ru)：對(dui)1200mAH的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流為(wei)(wei)150mA，則時(shi)(shi)間(jian)為(wei)(wei)1800mAH/150mA等于12小(xiao)時(shi)(shi)。當然在(zai)很多時(shi)(shi)候并不能(neng)計算(suan)出正好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)，我(wo)們可以(yi)挑離(li)得最近的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)半小(xiao)時(shi)(shi)以(yi)方(fang)便(bian)記時(shi)(shi)。例如(ru)：充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流為(wei)(wei)160mA，對(dui)1400mAH的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，則時(shi)(shi)間(jian)為(wei)(wei)2100mAH/160mA約為(wei)(wei)13小(xiao)時(shi)(shi)，而(er)不用計算(suan)到分(fen)。恒(heng)流充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)構(gou)造簡(jian)單(dan)，工作穩定(ding)，是一(yi)種不錯的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)方(fang)式(shi)(shi)，對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池壽命的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響小(xiao)。但它也(ye)(ye)有(you)其(qi)局限性，首先必須計算(suan)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)，另外隨(sui)著鎳氫電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)容量越(yue)來(lai)越(yue)大(da)，恒(heng)流充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)所需的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)也(ye)(ye)越(yue)來(lai)越(yue)長(chang)，對(dui)使用帶來(lai)了一(yi)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不便(bian)。因此，近年來(lai)快(kuai)速自動充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器也(ye)(ye)逐漸流行(xing)起來(lai)

三、快速自動充電器

　　快速(su)自動(dong)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)在這兩年(nian)越(yue)來越(yue)受(shou)到大家歡迎，它具有充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)速(su)度快，安(an)全等(deng)特(te)點。但(dan)也(ye)有一(yi)部分(fen)人對它有疑慮，因為快速(su)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)基本都使用快充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)流來充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)，這些人怕它會(hui)對電(dian)(dian)池的壽命產(chan)生影響。那(nei)么(me)實際的情況如何呢？

首(shou)先要肯定的(de)是(shi)大電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池壽命的(de)影(ying)響(xiang)(xiang)是(shi)很(hen)小的(de)，在很(hen)多情況下我們都要用(yong)到快速充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)甚至超高(gao)速充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)有時可以達到2C或更高(gao)。大電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)并不是(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池殺手，真正對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池壽命產(chan)(chan)生影(ying)響(xiang)(xiang)的(de)是(shi)大電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時產(chan)(chan)生的(de)高(gao)熱(re)。

　　我(wo)們對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)要使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)比電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)標稱(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓稍高的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓來(lai)(lai)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行，而(er)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)本身對充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)會產(chan)(chan)生一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)反(fan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)勢，因(yin)(yin)此(ci)有(you)(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)部(bu)分(fen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)為(wei)(wei)了(le)(le)抵(di)消反(fan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)勢而(er)白白作(zuo)功(gong)，轉(zhuan)化為(wei)(wei)熱(re)(re)能。當充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)越(yue)大(da)，就有(you)(you)(you)更多的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能被轉(zhuan)化為(wei)(wei)熱(re)(re)能，充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)的(de)溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)就越(yue)高。過(guo)高的(de)溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)對充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)是(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)(you)害(hai)的(de)，在慢速恒(heng)流(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)中，由于是(shi)(shi)慢速充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，產(chan)(chan)生的(de)熱(re)(re)量(liang)在可控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)范圍內，因(yin)(yin)此(ci)并不(bu)需要采取(qu)特殊的(de)措施。但在快(kuai)(kuai)速自動充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)中，采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)快(kuai)(kuai)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)就會產(chan)(chan)生更高的(de)溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)。因(yin)(yin)此(ci)目前市場上(shang)的(de)快(kuai)(kuai)速自動充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)都(dou)采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)了(le)(le)各種方(fang)法(fa)(fa)來(lai)(lai)降低(di)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)的(de)溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)，通常所使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)是(shi)(shi)余(yu)弦法(fa)(fa)，也就是(shi)(shi)說(shuo)并非用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)恒(heng)定的(de)大(da)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，而(er)是(shi)(shi)像余(yu)弦波那(nei)樣(yang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)強度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)隨之變化，這樣(yang)能緩解熱(re)(re)量(liang)的(de)積聚，從而(er)將(jiang)溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)在一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)定范圍內。由于這類充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)不(bu)再(zai)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)恒(heng)定的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，也和過(guo)去的(de)恒(heng)流(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)有(you)(you)(you)明(ming)顯的(de)區別(bie)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)快(kuai)(kuai)速充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)的(de)另一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)問題(ti)(ti)是(shi)(shi)，當充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)間到了(le)(le)之后(hou)如果忘記停(ting)止(zhi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)傷(shang)害(hai)要遠大(da)于慢速恒(heng)流(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)過(guo)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)產(chan)(chan)生的(de)傷(shang)害(hai)。因(yin)(yin)此(ci)為(wei)(wei)了(le)(le)解決過(guo)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)問題(ti)(ti)，快(kuai)(kuai)速充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)般都(dou)采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)了(le)(le)比如電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓斜率判斷(duan)法(fa)(fa)等方(fang)法(fa)(fa)來(lai)(lai)判斷(duan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)是(shi)(shi)否(fou)接近充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)滿(man)，這些充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)都(dou)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)了(le)(le)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)或者IC芯片(pian)來(lai)(lai)完成這一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)任(ren)務。當電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)接近充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)滿(man)時(shi)，控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)會自動轉(zhuan)入涓流(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)模式(shi)，對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行涓流(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)涓流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)好處是(shi)(shi)很明(ming)顯的(de)，其一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)如前所述，涓流(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能將(jiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)的(de)很滿(man)，其次(ci)就是(shi)(shi)不(bu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)擔心過(guo)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)的(de)問題(ti)(ti)，因(yin)(yin)此(ci)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)這類充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)的(de)最(zui)大(da)好處就是(shi)(shi)不(bu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)再(zai)去計算時(shi)間。具體的(de)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)方(fang)法(fa)(fa)可以(yi)查看各自的(de)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)說(shuo)明(ming)書，以(yi)防(fang)操作(zuo)不(bu)當。快(kuai)(kuai)速充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)有(you)(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)分(fen)支就是(shi)(shi)超(chao)高速的(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)，這類充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)范圍不(bu)大(da)，設(she)計、結(jie)構和工藝都(dou)很復雜(za)，因(yin)(yin)此(ci)價格相當昂貴。

　　在(zai)一(yi)些特殊(shu)的(de)(de)(de)場合(he)，人們(men)需(xu)要在(zai)很短的(de)(de)(de)時間內充好電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)使(shi)用(yong)，這就需(xu)要使(shi)用(yong)超(chao)高(gao)速充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)。由(you)于(yu)超(chao)高(gao)速充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)需(xu)要極大的(de)(de)(de)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)，有些甚至使(shi)用(yong)了2C-3C的(de)(de)(de)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)，其發熱問(wen)題尤為嚴重，僅(jin)(jin)僅(jin)(jin)采用(yong)余(yu)弦波充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)還不(bu)夠，因此這類充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)很多都采用(yong)在(zai)一(yi)個余(yu)弦波后插入一(yi)個很短暫的(de)(de)(de)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)這種方(fang)法(fa)。這種做法(fa)可(ke)以(yi)緩解由(you)于(yu)反電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)勢消耗充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)所(suo)產生的(de)(de)(de)熱量積累，從(cong)而進一(yi)步控制溫度。

四、放電

　　上一(yi)篇曾介紹了充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)記(ji)憶效應(ying)，我們(men)也知道當記(ji)憶效應(ying)逐漸(jian)累積，會使電(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)實際(ji)使用(yong)容量大幅下降。要減(jian)輕記(ji)憶效應(ying)所帶(dai)來(lai)的(de)(de)負作用(yong)，一(yi)個有效的(de)(de)方法(fa)就(jiu)是放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)。一(yi)般來(lai)講(jiang)由(you)于鎳鎘電(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)記(ji)憶效應(ying)比較(jiao)明顯，建(jian)議在反復(fu)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)使用(yong)5-10次(ci)(ci)后就(jiu)作一(yi)次(ci)(ci)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，而(er)鎳氫電(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)記(ji)憶效應(ying)要好些(xie)，可(ke)以在反復(fu)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)使用(yong)20-30次(ci)(ci)后作一(yi)次(ci)(ci)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)。

　　在市場上銷售的(de)(de)(de)一些(xie)高檔(dang)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)自(zi)(zi)身(shen)帶有放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)功能，但絕大部分的(de)(de)(de)中低檔(dang)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)是沒有放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)功能的(de)(de)(de)，這時(shi)我們該(gai)怎么(me)辦呢？在了解了放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)理后，我們也可(ke)以自(zi)(zi)己嘗(chang)試著對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)進(jin)行(xing)放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。我們已經知道(dao)，鎳鎘電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)和(he)鎳氫(qing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)標稱電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓是1.2V，但實際(ji)上，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓是個(ge)變化的(de)(de)(de)值，隨(sui)著電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量是否充(chong)(chong)足，圍(wei)繞著1. 2V左右進(jin)行(xing)波動(dong)。一般在1V-1.4V之間波動(dong)，不(bu)(bu)同(tong)品牌的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)由于(yu)工(gong)藝上的(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)盡相同(tong)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓波動(dong)范圍(wei)也不(bu)(bu)完(wan)全(quan)一致對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)進(jin)行(xing)放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)就(jiu)是采(cai)用很(hen)小(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)，使(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓緩慢下降(jiang)，下降(jiang)到0.9V-1V之間，就(jiu)應該(gai)停止放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。不(bu)(bu)建議將電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)到0.9V之下，這樣做會造(zao)(zao)成過(guo)(guo)度(du)放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，使(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)受到不(bu)(bu)可(ke)逆的(de)(de)(de)傷害(hai)，上一篇曾說(shuo)過(guo)(guo)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)不(bu)(bu)適(shi)合于(yu)用在家電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)遙控(kong)器(qi)中，就(jiu)是因為(wei)遙控(kong)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)使(shi)用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)很(hen)小(xiao)，長時(shi)間放(fang)(fang)(fang)在遙控(kong)器(qi)中使(shi)用很(hen)容易造(zao)(zao)成過(guo)(guo)度(du)放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)經過(guo)(guo)一次正確的(de)(de)(de)放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)后，你會驚喜的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)現電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)容量又恢復到原(yuan)來的(de)(de)(de)水平，因此當發(fa)現電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)容量有所下降(jiang)時(shi)，就(jiu)最好作(zuo)一次放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。

　　自己對電(dian)(dian)池做放(fang)電(dian)(dian)有個簡(jian)便(bian)的方(fang)法，就是接一個小電(dian)(dian)珠作為負載(zai)，但必須使用電(dian)(dian)表來監視電(dian)(dian)壓值的變化(hua)，以防過度放(fang)電(dian)(dian)。

對于充(chong)電(dian)器(qi)的(de)(de)選擇(ze)，究(jiu)竟(jing)是選擇(ze)快(kuai)(kuai)速充(chong)電(dian)器(qi)還是慢(man)速恒流充(chong)電(dian)器(qi)，這主要(yao)(yao)看自己使(shi)用的(de)(de)側重點。例如經常(chang)外出使(shi)用數碼相機(ji)等設備的(de)(de)朋友，就應該選擇(ze)快(kuai)(kuai)速充(chong)電(dian)器(qi)，以滿足時間上的(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)求，甚至可以購買(mai)超高速的(de)(de)充(chong)電(dian)器(qi)，而只使(shi)用隨身聽等設備的(de)(de)朋友，恒流充(chong)電(dian)器(qi)就能(neng)滿足需(xu)要(yao)(yao)在掌(zhang)握了正(zheng)確(que)的(de)(de)充(chong)放電(dian)知識后，大家一定能(neng)更好地使(shi)用自己的(de)(de)充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)池。請(qing)大家不要(yao)(yao)拘泥于快(kuai)(kuai)速充(chong)電(dian)。

充電時間計算

**********電池容(rong)量(liang)看電池外面的(de)標注(zhu)**************

*********充電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流看充電(dian)(dian)器上標注的(de)輸入電(dian)(dian)流*******

1、充(chong)電電流小于等于電池容量的5％時 （慢速(su)）

充(chong)電(dian)時間（小時）＝電(dian)池容量(liang)（mAH）×1.6÷充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)流(mA)

2、充電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流大于電(dian)(dian)池容量的5％，小于等(deng)于10％時：（快速）

充(chong)電(dian)時(shi)間（小時(shi)）＝電(dian)池容量（mAH）×1.5÷充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)流(mA)

3、充電電流大于(yu)電池容量(liang)的10％，小于(yu)等于(yu)15％時：

充電時(shi)間(jian)（小時(shi)）＝電池容量（mAH）×1.3÷充電電流(mA

4、充電電流大于(yu)電池容(rong)量的15％，小于(yu)等于(yu)20％時(shi)

充電時間（小時）＝電池容量（mAH）×1.2÷充電電流(mA)

5、充電(dian)電(dian)流大于電(dian)池容量的20％時：（超快速）

充電時(shi)(shi)間（小時(shi)(shi)）＝電池容量（mAH）×1.1÷充電電流(mA)