在這里，首先要說明的是，充電是使用充電電池的(de)(de)重(zhong)要步驟。適(shi)當合(he)理的(de)(de)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)對(dui)延長電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)壽命(ming)很(hen)有(you)好處，而野蠻胡亂充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)將(jiang)會對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)壽命(ming)有(you)很(hen)大(da)影響。上一(yi)篇曾說過(guo)，目前的(de)(de)鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)基本(ben)都是(shi)根據各(ge)個產(chan)品單獨封裝，互不(bu)通用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)，因(yin)此各(ge)個產(chan)品也提供各(ge)自(zi)的(de)(de)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設備(bei)，互不(bu)通用(yong)(yong)，在使用(yong)(yong)時(shi)只要遵循各(ge)自(zi)的(de)(de)說明書使用(yong)(yong)即可。所以本(ben)篇對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)介紹主要是(shi)指鎳(nie)鎘電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)和鎳(nie)氫(qing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)。對(dui)鎳(nie)隔(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)和鎳(nie)氫(qing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)有(you)兩種方式，就是(shi)我們大(da)家所熟知的(de)(de)“快(kuai)(kuai)充(chong)”和“慢充(chong)”。快(kuai)(kuai)充(chong)和慢充(chong)是(shi)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)一(yi)個重(zhong)要概念，只有(you)了解了快(kuai)(kuai)充(chong)和慢充(chong)才(cai)能正確(que)掌(zhang)握(wo)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。

　　首先，快充和慢充是個相對的概念。有人曾問，我的充電器充(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流有200mA，是不是快(kuai)充(chong)？這個答(da)案并不絕(jue)對，應該回答(da)對于某(mou)些(xie)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)來說，它(ta)是快(kuai)充(chong)，而對于某(mou)些(xie)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)來說，它(ta)只是慢充(chong)。那我們(men)究竟怎(zen)樣來判別快(kuai)充(chong)還是慢充(chong)呢？

　　例如一(yi)(yi)(yi)節5號鎳氫電(dian)池的電(dian)容(rong)量(liang)為1200mAH，而另一(yi)(yi)(yi)節則為1600mAH。我們把一(yi)(yi)(yi)節電(dian)池的電(dian)容(rong)量(liang)稱(cheng)為1C，可見1C只是一(yi)(yi)(yi)個邏輯概念，同樣的1C，并不相等(deng)。

　　在充(chong)電(dian)(dian)時(shi)，充(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)小(xiao)于0.1C時(shi)，我們(men)稱為涓流(liu)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)。顧名思(si)義，是指電(dian)(dian)流(liu)很(hen)小(xiao)。一(yi)般而(er)言，涓流(liu)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)能夠把電(dian)(dian)池充(chong)的很(hen)足，而(er)不傷害電(dian)(dian)池壽命(ming)，但(dan)用涓流(liu)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)所花的時(shi)間實在太長，因此很(hen)少單獨使用，而(er)是和(he)其它充(chong)電(dian)(dian)方(fang)式結(jie)合使用。

　　充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流在(zai)0.1C-0.2C之間(jian)時，我們(men)稱為(wei)慢速(su)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)。充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流大(da)于0.2C，小于0.8C則(ze)是(shi)快速(su)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)。而當(dang)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流大(da)于0.8C時，我們(men)稱之為(wei)超高速(su)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)。

　　正(zheng)因為1C是(shi)(shi)個邏輯(ji)概念而非(fei)絕對值(zhi)，因此根據1C折(zhe)算的快(kuai)充(chong)(chong)慢充(chong)(chong)也是(shi)(shi)一個相對值(zhi)。前面例子(zi)中提到的200mA充(chong)(chong)電電流對于(yu)1200mAH的電池來說是(shi)(shi)慢充(chong)(chong)，而對于(yu)700mAH的電池來說就是(shi)(shi)快(kuai)充(chong)(chong)。

　　知道了(le)快慢充(chong)(chong)的概念后，我們(men)還(huan)需(xu)要了(le)解充(chong)(chong)電器(qi)(qi)的情況才(cai)能對電池正確充(chong)(chong)電。目前市場(chang)上(shang)的充(chong)(chong)電器(qi)(qi)主要分(fen)為(wei)恒(heng)流(liu)充(chong)(chong)電器(qi)(qi)和自動充(chong)(chong)電器(qi)(qi)兩種。

二、恒流充電器

　　恒流充電器是市場上最常見的充電(dian)(dian)器，從鎳鎘電(dian)(dian)池(chi)時代，我們就(jiu)開始使(shi)(shi)用恒流充電(dian)(dian)器。恒流充電(dian)(dian)器通常使(shi)(shi)用慢速(su)充電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流，它的使(shi)(shi)用相(xiang)對(dui)比較(jiao)簡單，只需將電(dian)(dian)池(chi)放(fang)在電(dian)(dian)池(chi)倉中(zhong)即可(ke)充電(dian)(dian)。需要(yao)注意的是，對(dui)充電(dian)(dian)時間(jian)的計(ji)算要(yao)準確。

　　對(dui)(dui)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)計算有個簡單(dan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)公式(shi)：Hour=1.5C/充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流。例(li)如：對(dui)(dui)1200mAH的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流為(wei)150mA，則時(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)為(wei)1800mAH/150mA等于12小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)。當然在很多時(shi)(shi)候(hou)并不(bu)能計算出(chu)正好的(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)，我們(men)可(ke)以(yi)挑離得最(zui)近(jin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)半小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)以(yi)方便記時(shi)(shi)。例(li)如：充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流為(wei)160mA，對(dui)(dui)1400mAH的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，則時(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)為(wei)2100mAH/160mA約(yue)為(wei)13小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)，而不(bu)用(yong)計算到分。恒(heng)流充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)構造簡單(dan)，工作穩定(ding)，是一種(zhong)不(bu)錯的(de)(de)(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)方式(shi)，對(dui)(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池壽命的(de)(de)(de)(de)影響(xiang)小(xiao)(xiao)。但它(ta)也有其(qi)局限性，首先必須計算時(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)，另外(wai)隨(sui)著(zhu)鎳氫(qing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)(de)(de)容量(liang)越來(lai)(lai)越大，恒(heng)流充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)所(suo)需的(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)也越來(lai)(lai)越長，對(dui)(dui)使(shi)用(yong)帶(dai)來(lai)(lai)了一定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)便。因此，近(jin)年來(lai)(lai)快速自動(dong)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)也逐漸流行(xing)起來(lai)(lai)

三、快速自動充電器

　　快速(su)自動充(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)在這兩年越來越受到大家歡迎，它具(ju)有充(chong)電(dian)(dian)速(su)度(du)快，安全等特點。但也有一部分人對它有疑慮，因為快速(su)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)基本都使(shi)用快充(chong)電(dian)(dian)流來充(chong)電(dian)(dian)，這些人怕它會對電(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)壽(shou)命產生影響。那么實(shi)際的(de)(de)情況如何呢？

首先要(yao)肯定的(de)是大電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)壽命的(de)影響(xiang)是很(hen)(hen)小的(de)，在很(hen)(hen)多情況(kuang)下我們都要(yao)用到快(kuai)速充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)甚(shen)至超高(gao)速充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流有時(shi)可以達到2C或(huo)更高(gao)。大電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流并不(bu)是電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)殺手，真正對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)壽命產生(sheng)影響(xiang)的(de)是大電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)產生(sheng)的(de)高(gao)熱。

　　我們對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時要使(shi)用(yong)比(bi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)標稱(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓稍(shao)高(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓來(lai)進行，而電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)本身對(dui)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)會(hui)產生(sheng)一(yi)(yi)個反電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)勢，因(yin)(yin)此(ci)有(you)(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)部(bu)分(fen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)為(wei)了(le)(le)抵(di)消反電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)勢而白白作功，轉化(hua)為(wei)熱能(neng)。當(dang)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)越大(da)，就(jiu)有(you)(you)(you)更多的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)被轉化(hua)為(wei)熱能(neng)，充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時的(de)(de)(de)(de)溫度(du)(du)就(jiu)越高(gao)(gao)。過高(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)溫度(du)(du)對(dui)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)(you)害(hai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)，在(zai)(zai)慢(man)速(su)恒(heng)(heng)流(liu)(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)中(zhong)，由于是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)慢(man)速(su)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，產生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)熱量在(zai)(zai)可控制(zhi)范圍內(nei)，因(yin)(yin)此(ci)并(bing)不需要采取特殊的(de)(de)(de)(de)措施。但在(zai)(zai)快(kuai)速(su)自動(dong)(dong)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)中(zhong)，采用(yong)快(kuai)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)就(jiu)會(hui)產生(sheng)更高(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)溫度(du)(du)。因(yin)(yin)此(ci)目前市場上的(de)(de)(de)(de)快(kuai)速(su)自動(dong)(dong)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)都(dou)(dou)采用(yong)了(le)(le)各(ge)種方法來(lai)降低充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時的(de)(de)(de)(de)溫度(du)(du)，通(tong)常所(suo)使(shi)用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)余弦法，也就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)說并(bing)非用(yong)恒(heng)(heng)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，而是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)像(xiang)余弦波那樣(yang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)強度(du)(du)隨(sui)之(zhi)(zhi)變化(hua)，這(zhe)樣(yang)能(neng)緩解(jie)熱量的(de)(de)(de)(de)積聚，從而將溫度(du)(du)控制(zhi)在(zai)(zai)一(yi)(yi)定(ding)范圍內(nei)。由于這(zhe)類充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)不再(zai)使(shi)用(yong)恒(heng)(heng)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，也和(he)過去(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)恒(heng)(heng)流(liu)(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)有(you)(you)(you)明(ming)(ming)顯(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)區別使(shi)用(yong)快(kuai)速(su)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)另(ling)一(yi)(yi)個問題是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，當(dang)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時間到了(le)(le)之(zhi)(zhi)后如(ru)果忘(wang)記(ji)停止(zhi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)傷害(hai)要遠(yuan)大(da)于慢(man)速(su)恒(heng)(heng)流(liu)(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)過充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)產生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)傷害(hai)。因(yin)(yin)此(ci)為(wei)了(le)(le)解(jie)決過充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)問題，快(kuai)速(su)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)一(yi)(yi)般都(dou)(dou)采用(yong)了(le)(le)比(bi)如(ru)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓斜率判斷(duan)法等方法來(lai)判斷(duan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)否接(jie)(jie)近(jin)(jin)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)滿，這(zhe)些充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)都(dou)(dou)使(shi)用(yong)了(le)(le)控制(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)或者IC芯片來(lai)完(wan)成(cheng)這(zhe)一(yi)(yi)任務。當(dang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)接(jie)(jie)近(jin)(jin)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)滿時，控制(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)會(hui)自動(dong)(dong)轉入涓(juan)(juan)流(liu)(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)模式，對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)進行涓(juan)(juan)流(liu)(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。采用(yong)涓(juan)(juan)流(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)進行充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)好處(chu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)很(hen)明(ming)(ming)顯(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)，其(qi)一(yi)(yi)如(ru)前所(suo)述(shu)，涓(juan)(juan)流(liu)(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)將電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)很(hen)滿，其(qi)次就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)不用(yong)擔心過充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)問題，因(yin)(yin)此(ci)使(shi)用(yong)這(zhe)類充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)最大(da)好處(chu)就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)不用(yong)再(zai)去(qu)計算(suan)時間。具(ju)體的(de)(de)(de)(de)使(shi)用(yong)方法可以查看各(ge)自的(de)(de)(de)(de)使(shi)用(yong)說明(ming)(ming)書，以防(fang)操作不當(dang)。快(kuai)速(su)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)有(you)(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)個分(fen)支就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)超高(gao)(gao)速(su)的(de)(de)(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)，這(zhe)類充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)應用(yong)范圍不大(da)，設(she)計、結構和(he)工藝都(dou)(dou)很(hen)復雜，因(yin)(yin)此(ci)價(jia)格相當(dang)昂(ang)貴。

　　在(zai)一(yi)些(xie)(xie)特殊的(de)場合，人們需(xu)要在(zai)很短(duan)的(de)時間內充好電(dian)(dian)(dian)池使用(yong)，這(zhe)(zhe)就需(xu)要使用(yong)超高(gao)速充電(dian)(dian)(dian)器。由(you)(you)于(yu)超高(gao)速充電(dian)(dian)(dian)器需(xu)要極大的(de)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)，有些(xie)(xie)甚至使用(yong)了(le)2C-3C的(de)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)，其發熱問(wen)題尤為嚴重，僅僅采用(yong)余(yu)(yu)弦波(bo)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)還不(bu)夠，因此這(zhe)(zhe)類充電(dian)(dian)(dian)器很多都采用(yong)在(zai)一(yi)個余(yu)(yu)弦波(bo)后插入(ru)一(yi)個很短(duan)暫的(de)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)這(zhe)(zhe)種方(fang)法。這(zhe)(zhe)種做法可以緩(huan)解由(you)(you)于(yu)反電(dian)(dian)(dian)勢消(xiao)耗(hao)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)所產生的(de)熱量積累，從而進一(yi)步控(kong)制溫度(du)。

四、放電

　　上一篇曾(ceng)介紹了(le)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)記(ji)(ji)憶效(xiao)應，我們也知道當記(ji)(ji)憶效(xiao)應逐漸(jian)累積，會(hui)使(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)實際使(shi)用(yong)(yong)容量大幅下(xia)降。要減輕記(ji)(ji)憶效(xiao)應所帶來的(de)負作用(yong)(yong)，一個有效(xiao)的(de)方(fang)法就是放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。一般來講(jiang)由于鎳鎘電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)記(ji)(ji)憶效(xiao)應比較明顯(xian)，建議在反復(fu)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)5-10次(ci)后就作一次(ci)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，而鎳氫電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)記(ji)(ji)憶效(xiao)應要好些，可以在反復(fu)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)20-30次(ci)后作一次(ci)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。

　　在(zai)(zai)市場上(shang)銷售的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)些高檔充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)自(zi)身帶有(you)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)功能(neng)，但(dan)絕(jue)大部分的(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)低檔充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)沒有(you)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)功能(neng)的(de)(de)(de)，這(zhe)時(shi)我(wo)們(men)該怎么辦呢？在(zai)(zai)了解了放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)原理后，我(wo)們(men)也可以自(zi)己(ji)嘗試著(zhu)對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)進(jin)(jin)行放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。我(wo)們(men)已經知道(dao)，鎳鎘電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)和鎳氫電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)標稱電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)是(shi)(shi)(shi)1.2V，但(dan)實際上(shang)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)是(shi)(shi)(shi)個變化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)值，隨著(zhu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量是(shi)(shi)(shi)否充(chong)足，圍繞著(zhu)1. 2V左右進(jin)(jin)行波(bo)動。一(yi)般在(zai)(zai)1V-1.4V之間波(bo)動，不同品(pin)牌的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)由(you)于(yu)工藝(yi)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)不盡(jin)相(xiang)同，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)波(bo)動范圍也不完全一(yi)致對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)進(jin)(jin)行放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)就是(shi)(shi)(shi)采用很小的(de)(de)(de)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流，使(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)緩慢(man)下降(jiang)，下降(jiang)到(dao)0.9V-1V之間，就應(ying)該停止放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。不建議將電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)到(dao)0.9V之下，這(zhe)樣(yang)做會造(zao)(zao)成過(guo)(guo)度放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，使(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)受(shou)到(dao)不可逆的(de)(de)(de)傷(shang)害，上(shang)一(yi)篇(pian)曾說過(guo)(guo)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)不適合于(yu)用在(zai)(zai)家電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)遙控器(qi)中(zhong)，就是(shi)(shi)(shi)因為遙控器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)使(shi)用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流很小，長時(shi)間放(fang)在(zai)(zai)遙控器(qi)中(zhong)使(shi)用很容易造(zao)(zao)成過(guo)(guo)度放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)經過(guo)(guo)一(yi)次(ci)正(zheng)確的(de)(de)(de)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)后，你會驚喜的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)現電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)容量又恢(hui)復到(dao)原來的(de)(de)(de)水平，因此當發(fa)現電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)容量有(you)所下降(jiang)時(shi)，就最好作(zuo)一(yi)次(ci)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。

　　自己對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池做(zuo)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)有個簡便的方(fang)法(fa)，就(jiu)是接(jie)一(yi)個小電(dian)(dian)(dian)珠作(zuo)為負(fu)載，但必須使用電(dian)(dian)(dian)表來監視電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓值的變化，以(yi)防過(guo)度放電(dian)(dian)(dian)。

對(dui)于(yu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)的(de)選擇，究(jiu)竟是選擇快(kuai)速(su)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)還是慢速(su)恒(heng)流充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)，這主要看(kan)自己使用(yong)(yong)的(de)側重點。例如經常外出(chu)使用(yong)(yong)數碼相機(ji)等設(she)備的(de)朋友，就(jiu)應該(gai)選擇快(kuai)速(su)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)，以滿足時間(jian)上的(de)要求，甚至可以購(gou)買超高速(su)的(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)，而只使用(yong)(yong)隨身聽(ting)等設(she)備的(de)朋友，恒(heng)流充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)就(jiu)能(neng)(neng)滿足需要在掌(zhang)握了(le)正確的(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)知(zhi)識后，大(da)家一定能(neng)(neng)更好地使用(yong)(yong)自己的(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)。請大(da)家不要拘泥于(yu)快(kuai)速(su)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)。

充電時間計算

**********電(dian)池容量看(kan)電(dian)池外面的標注**************

*********充電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流看充電(dian)(dian)器(qi)上標注的(de)輸入電(dian)(dian)流*******

1、充電(dian)電(dian)流小于(yu)等(deng)于(yu)電(dian)池容量(liang)的5％時 （慢速）

充電(dian)時間（小(xiao)時）＝電(dian)池容量(liang)（mAH）×1.6÷充電(dian)電(dian)流(mA)

2、充電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流大于電(dian)(dian)池容量的5％，小于等于10％時(shi)：（快速）

充電(dian)時間（小時）＝電(dian)池容量（mAH）×1.5÷充電(dian)電(dian)流(liu)(mA)

3、充電(dian)電(dian)流大(da)于(yu)電(dian)池容量的10％，小于(yu)等于(yu)15％時：

充(chong)電(dian)時間（小時）＝電(dian)池容量（mAH）×1.3÷充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)流(liu)(mA

4、充電電流大于電池容量的15％，小于等于20％時

充電時間（小(xiao)時）＝電池容量(liang)（mAH）×1.2÷充電電流(mA)

5、充電電流大(da)于電池容量的20％時：（超快(kuai)速(su)）

充(chong)電(dian)(dian)時間（小時）＝電(dian)(dian)池容量(liang)（mAH）×1.1÷充(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流(mA)