在這里，首先要說明的是，充電是使用充電電池的重要(yao)步驟。適(shi)當合(he)理的充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)對(dui)(dui)延長電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)壽命很有(you)好處，而野(ye)蠻胡亂充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)將會對(dui)(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)壽命有(you)很大(da)(da)影(ying)響。上一篇(pian)曾說(shuo)過，目前的鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)基本都(dou)是根據各(ge)(ge)(ge)個產品(pin)單獨封裝，互(hu)不通(tong)用的，因此各(ge)(ge)(ge)個產品(pin)也提供各(ge)(ge)(ge)自的充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設備，互(hu)不通(tong)用，在使用時只要(yao)遵循各(ge)(ge)(ge)自的說(shuo)明(ming)書使用即可。所(suo)以本篇(pian)對(dui)(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的介紹主要(yao)是指鎳鎘(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)和(he)(he)鎳氫(qing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)。對(dui)(dui)鎳隔電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)和(he)(he)鎳氫(qing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)有(you)兩(liang)種方式，就是我們大(da)(da)家所(suo)熟知的“快充(chong)(chong)”和(he)(he)“慢(man)充(chong)(chong)”。快充(chong)(chong)和(he)(he)慢(man)充(chong)(chong)是充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的一個重要(yao)概念，只有(you)了(le)解(jie)了(le)快充(chong)(chong)和(he)(he)慢(man)充(chong)(chong)才能正確掌握充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。

　　首先，快充和慢充是個相對的概念。有人曾問，我的充電器充(chong)電電流有200mA，是(shi)(shi)(shi)不(bu)(bu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)快(kuai)充(chong)？這個答案(an)并不(bu)(bu)絕對，應該(gai)回答對于(yu)某些(xie)電池(chi)來說，它是(shi)(shi)(shi)快(kuai)充(chong)，而對于(yu)某些(xie)電池(chi)來說，它只是(shi)(shi)(shi)慢充(chong)。那我們究竟怎樣來判(pan)別快(kuai)充(chong)還是(shi)(shi)(shi)慢充(chong)呢(ni)？

　　例如一節5號鎳氫電(dian)池的(de)(de)電(dian)容量為(wei)1200mAH，而另一節則為(wei)1600mAH。我(wo)們(men)把一節電(dian)池的(de)(de)電(dian)容量稱(cheng)為(wei)1C，可見1C只(zhi)是一個(ge)邏(luo)輯(ji)概念，同樣的(de)(de)1C，并不相等。

　　在充(chong)電(dian)時(shi)(shi)，充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)流小(xiao)(xiao)于0.1C時(shi)(shi)，我們稱(cheng)為(wei)涓流充(chong)電(dian)。顧名思義，是(shi)指電(dian)流很小(xiao)(xiao)。一(yi)般而(er)言，涓流充(chong)電(dian)能夠把(ba)電(dian)池(chi)充(chong)的很足，而(er)不(bu)傷(shang)害電(dian)池(chi)壽命，但用(yong)(yong)涓流充(chong)電(dian)所花的時(shi)(shi)間實(shi)在太長(chang)，因此(ci)很少單(dan)獨使(shi)用(yong)(yong)，而(er)是(shi)和(he)其它充(chong)電(dian)方式結合使(shi)用(yong)(yong)。

　　充電電流在0.1C-0.2C之(zhi)間(jian)時，我們稱為慢(man)速充電。充電電流大于0.2C，小于0.8C則是快(kuai)速充電。而當充電電流大于0.8C時，我們稱之(zhi)為超高(gao)速充電。

　　正因(yin)為1C是(shi)個邏輯概(gai)念而非絕(jue)對值(zhi)，因(yin)此(ci)根據1C折算的快充(chong)慢充(chong)也是(shi)一個相對值(zhi)。前面例子中提到(dao)的200mA充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)流對于(yu)1200mAH的電(dian)池來說(shuo)是(shi)慢充(chong)，而對于(yu)700mAH的電(dian)池來說(shuo)就是(shi)快充(chong)。

　　知道了(le)快慢充(chong)(chong)的概念后，我(wo)們還需(xu)要了(le)解充(chong)(chong)電(dian)器的情(qing)況才能對(dui)電(dian)池正確充(chong)(chong)電(dian)。目(mu)前市場上的充(chong)(chong)電(dian)器主要分為恒流充(chong)(chong)電(dian)器和自動充(chong)(chong)電(dian)器兩(liang)種。

二、恒流充電器

　　恒流充電器是市場上最常見(jian)的充(chong)(chong)電(dian)器(qi)，從(cong)鎳鎘電(dian)池時(shi)代，我們就(jiu)開始使用恒(heng)流(liu)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)器(qi)。恒(heng)流(liu)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)器(qi)通常使用慢速充(chong)(chong)電(dian)電(dian)流(liu)，它的使用相對(dui)比較簡單，只需(xu)將電(dian)池放在電(dian)池倉中即可充(chong)(chong)電(dian)。需(xu)要(yao)注(zhu)意的是，對(dui)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)時(shi)間的計(ji)算要(yao)準確。

　　對充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)間的(de)(de)(de)計算(suan)(suan)有個簡單的(de)(de)(de)公式：Hour=1.5C/充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流。例(li)如(ru)：對1200mAH的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流為(wei)150mA，則時(shi)(shi)間為(wei)1800mAH/150mA等于12小時(shi)(shi)。當然(ran)在(zai)很多時(shi)(shi)候并(bing)不能計算(suan)(suan)出正好的(de)(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)間，我們可以(yi)挑離得最近(jin)的(de)(de)(de)半小時(shi)(shi)以(yi)方(fang)便(bian)記時(shi)(shi)。例(li)如(ru)：充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流為(wei)160mA，對1400mAH的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，則時(shi)(shi)間為(wei)2100mAH/160mA約為(wei)13小時(shi)(shi)，而不用計算(suan)(suan)到分。恒(heng)流充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)構造簡單，工(gong)作穩定，是一種(zhong)不錯(cuo)的(de)(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)方(fang)式，對電(dian)(dian)(dian)池壽命的(de)(de)(de)影響小。但(dan)它也(ye)有其局(ju)限性，首先(xian)必須計算(suan)(suan)時(shi)(shi)間，另外隨著鎳氫(qing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)(de)容(rong)量越來(lai)越大，恒(heng)流充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)所(suo)需的(de)(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)間也(ye)越來(lai)越長，對使用帶來(lai)了一定的(de)(de)(de)不便(bian)。因此(ci)，近(jin)年來(lai)快速自動充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)也(ye)逐(zhu)漸流行起來(lai)

三、快速自動充電器

　　快(kuai)速(su)自動充(chong)電(dian)器在這兩年(nian)越來越受到大家歡迎，它(ta)具(ju)有充(chong)電(dian)速(su)度快(kuai)，安全等特點。但(dan)也有一部分人(ren)對它(ta)有疑慮，因為快(kuai)速(su)充(chong)電(dian)器基(ji)本(ben)都使用快(kuai)充(chong)電(dian)流來充(chong)電(dian)，這些人(ren)怕它(ta)會對電(dian)池的壽命產(chan)生影(ying)響。那(nei)么實際的情況如(ru)何呢？

首先要肯定的(de)是大電(dian)(dian)流(liu)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)對電(dian)(dian)池(chi)壽命(ming)的(de)影響是很小的(de)，在很多(duo)情況下我們都(dou)要用到快速充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)甚至超高(gao)(gao)速充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)，充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)有(you)時可以達到2C或(huo)更高(gao)(gao)。大電(dian)(dian)流(liu)并(bing)不是電(dian)(dian)池(chi)殺手，真正對電(dian)(dian)池(chi)壽命(ming)產生影響的(de)是大電(dian)(dian)流(liu)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)時產生的(de)高(gao)(gao)熱。

　　我們對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時要(yao)使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)比電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)標稱電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)稍高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)來進行，而(er)(er)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)本身對(dui)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)會(hui)產生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)反(fan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)勢(shi)，因(yin)(yin)此有(you)一(yi)(yi)部分(fen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)為(wei)了(le)(le)抵消(xiao)反(fan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)勢(shi)而(er)(er)白白作(zuo)(zuo)功，轉(zhuan)化為(wei)熱能。當充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)越大，就(jiu)有(you)更(geng)多的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能被(bei)轉(zhuan)化為(wei)熱能，充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溫(wen)度就(jiu)越高(gao)。過(guo)(guo)高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溫(wen)度對(dui)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)是(shi)有(you)害(hai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，在慢(man)速(su)(su)恒流(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)中，由于(yu)是(shi)慢(man)速(su)(su)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，產生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)熱量(liang)在可(ke)控(kong)制范(fan)(fan)圍內，因(yin)(yin)此并不需(xu)要(yao)采取特(te)殊的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)措施。但(dan)在快速(su)(su)自(zi)動充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)中，采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)快充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)就(jiu)會(hui)產生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)更(geng)高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溫(wen)度。因(yin)(yin)此目前(qian)市(shi)場上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)快速(su)(su)自(zi)動充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)都(dou)采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)了(le)(le)各(ge)種方法(fa)(fa)(fa)來降低充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溫(wen)度，通常所使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)余(yu)弦法(fa)(fa)(fa)，也(ye)就(jiu)是(shi)說(shuo)并非用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)恒定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，而(er)(er)是(shi)像余(yu)弦波那樣電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)強度隨之變化，這(zhe)樣能緩解熱量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)積聚，從而(er)(er)將溫(wen)度控(kong)制在一(yi)(yi)定(ding)(ding)范(fan)(fan)圍內。由于(yu)這(zhe)類充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)不再使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)恒定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，也(ye)和過(guo)(guo)去(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)恒流(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)有(you)明(ming)顯(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)區(qu)別(bie)使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)快速(su)(su)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)另一(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)問(wen)題(ti)是(shi)，當充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時間(jian)到了(le)(le)之后如果忘記停止充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傷害(hai)要(yao)遠大于(yu)慢(man)速(su)(su)恒流(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)過(guo)(guo)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)產生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傷害(hai)。因(yin)(yin)此為(wei)了(le)(le)解決過(guo)(guo)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)問(wen)題(ti)，快速(su)(su)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)一(yi)(yi)般(ban)都(dou)采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)了(le)(le)比如電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)斜率判斷(duan)(duan)法(fa)(fa)(fa)等方法(fa)(fa)(fa)來判斷(duan)(duan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)是(shi)否接(jie)近(jin)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)滿(man)(man)，這(zhe)些充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)都(dou)使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)了(le)(le)控(kong)制電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)或者IC芯(xin)片來完(wan)成這(zhe)一(yi)(yi)任務。當電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)接(jie)近(jin)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)滿(man)(man)時，控(kong)制電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)會(hui)自(zi)動轉(zhuan)入涓(juan)流(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)模式(shi)，對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)進行涓(juan)流(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)涓(juan)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)進行充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)好(hao)處是(shi)很(hen)(hen)明(ming)顯(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，其一(yi)(yi)如前(qian)所述，涓(juan)流(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能將電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)很(hen)(hen)滿(man)(man)，其次就(jiu)是(shi)不用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)擔心過(guo)(guo)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)問(wen)題(ti)，因(yin)(yin)此使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)這(zhe)類充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最大好(hao)處就(jiu)是(shi)不用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)再去(qu)計(ji)算(suan)時間(jian)。具體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)方法(fa)(fa)(fa)可(ke)以(yi)查看各(ge)自(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)說(shuo)明(ming)書(shu)，以(yi)防操作(zuo)(zuo)不當。快速(su)(su)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)有(you)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)分(fen)支就(jiu)是(shi)超(chao)高(gao)速(su)(su)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)，這(zhe)類充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)范(fan)(fan)圍不大，設(she)計(ji)、結構和工(gong)藝都(dou)很(hen)(hen)復(fu)雜(za)，因(yin)(yin)此價(jia)格相當昂貴。

　　在一(yi)些特殊(shu)的(de)場(chang)合，人們需要在很(hen)短(duan)的(de)時間內充(chong)(chong)好電(dian)(dian)池使用(yong)，這就需要使用(yong)超(chao)(chao)高(gao)速充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)。由于超(chao)(chao)高(gao)速充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)需要極大的(de)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流，有些甚(shen)至使用(yong)了2C-3C的(de)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流，其發熱問題尤(you)為嚴重，僅僅采(cai)用(yong)余弦(xian)波充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)還不夠，因此這類充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)很(hen)多都采(cai)用(yong)在一(yi)個余弦(xian)波后(hou)插入(ru)一(yi)個很(hen)短(duan)暫的(de)放電(dian)(dian)這種方法(fa)。這種做法(fa)可(ke)以緩解由于反電(dian)(dian)勢消(xiao)耗充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流所產生的(de)熱量積累，從(cong)而進(jin)一(yi)步控制溫度。

四、放電

　　上一篇(pian)曾介紹了充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)記(ji)憶效(xiao)應，我們也知(zhi)道當(dang)記(ji)憶效(xiao)應逐漸累積(ji)，會(hui)使(shi)(shi)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)實際使(shi)(shi)用容量大幅下降。要(yao)減輕記(ji)憶效(xiao)應所帶來(lai)(lai)的(de)(de)負(fu)作用，一個有效(xiao)的(de)(de)方法就(jiu)是放電(dian)。一般來(lai)(lai)講由于鎳(nie)鎘電(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)記(ji)憶效(xiao)應比(bi)較明顯，建議在(zai)(zai)反復充(chong)電(dian)使(shi)(shi)用5-10次(ci)后(hou)就(jiu)作一次(ci)放電(dian)，而鎳(nie)氫(qing)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)記(ji)憶效(xiao)應要(yao)好些(xie)，可以在(zai)(zai)反復充(chong)電(dian)使(shi)(shi)用20-30次(ci)后(hou)作一次(ci)放電(dian)。

　　在(zai)市(shi)場上銷售的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)些高檔(dang)(dang)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器自身帶有(you)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)功(gong)能，但絕大部分的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中低檔(dang)(dang)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器是(shi)(shi)沒(mei)有(you)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)功(gong)能的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，這時我們該怎(zen)么辦呢？在(zai)了解了放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原理后，我們也可(ke)以自己嘗試著對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)進(jin)(jin)行放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。我們已經(jing)知(zhi)道，鎳鎘(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)和鎳氫電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)標稱電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)是(shi)(shi)1.2V，但實(shi)際上，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)是(shi)(shi)個(ge)變化的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)值，隨著電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量是(shi)(shi)否充(chong)足，圍繞(rao)著1. 2V左右進(jin)(jin)行波(bo)(bo)動。一(yi)般(ban)在(zai)1V-1.4V之(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)波(bo)(bo)動，不(bu)同品(pin)牌的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)由于工(gong)藝上的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)盡(jin)相同，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)波(bo)(bo)動范圍也不(bu)完全一(yi)致對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)進(jin)(jin)行放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)就是(shi)(shi)采用很(hen)(hen)(hen)小(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流，使電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)緩(huan)慢下降，下降到(dao)0.9V-1V之(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)，就應該停止放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。不(bu)建議(yi)將電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)到(dao)0.9V之(zhi)(zhi)下，這樣做會(hui)造成過(guo)度(du)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，使電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)受到(dao)不(bu)可(ke)逆的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傷害，上一(yi)篇曾說(shuo)過(guo)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)不(bu)適合于用在(zai)家電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)遙(yao)控(kong)器中，就是(shi)(shi)因為遙(yao)控(kong)器的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)使用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流很(hen)(hen)(hen)小(xiao)，長時間(jian)放(fang)(fang)在(zai)遙(yao)控(kong)器中使用很(hen)(hen)(hen)容易造成過(guo)度(du)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)經(jing)過(guo)一(yi)次正確(que)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)后，你會(hui)驚(jing)喜(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)現(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)容量又恢復到(dao)原來的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)水平，因此當發(fa)現(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)容量有(you)所(suo)下降時，就最(zui)好作一(yi)次放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。

　　自己(ji)對電池做放(fang)電有個(ge)簡便的方法，就(jiu)是(shi)接(jie)一個(ge)小電珠作為負載，但必須使用電表來監視電壓值的變化，以防過度放(fang)電。

對于充(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)的選擇(ze)，究竟(jing)是選擇(ze)快(kuai)速(su)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)還是慢(man)速(su)恒流充(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)，這主(zhu)要看自己(ji)使(shi)用的側重點。例如經常(chang)外出使(shi)用數碼相機(ji)等(deng)設(she)備的朋友(you)，就應(ying)該選擇(ze)快(kuai)速(su)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)，以滿足時間(jian)上的要求，甚至可(ke)以購買超高速(su)的充(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)，而只(zhi)使(shi)用隨(sui)身聽等(deng)設(she)備的朋友(you)，恒流充(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)就能滿足需要在掌(zhang)握了正確的充(chong)放電(dian)(dian)知識(shi)后，大家一定能更好地使(shi)用自己(ji)的充(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)池。請大家不要拘泥于快(kuai)速(su)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)。

充電時間計算

**********電池容量看電池外面的(de)標(biao)注**************

*********充電電流看充電器上標注的輸入(ru)電流*******

1、充電電流小于(yu)等(deng)于(yu)電池容量的5％時 （慢速）

充(chong)電時間（小時）＝電池容量（mAH）×1.6÷充(chong)電電流(mA)

2、充電(dian)電(dian)流大于電(dian)池容量的5％，小于等于10％時：（快速）

充(chong)電時間（小時）＝電池容量(liang)（mAH）×1.5÷充(chong)電電流(mA)

3、充電電流大于(yu)(yu)電池容量的10％，小于(yu)(yu)等于(yu)(yu)15％時：

充電(dian)時間（小時）＝電(dian)池容量（mAH）×1.3÷充電(dian)電(dian)流(liu)(mA

4、充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)流大于電(dian)池容量的15％，小于等于20％時(shi)

充電(dian)(dian)時間（小時）＝電(dian)(dian)池容(rong)量（mAH）×1.2÷充電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流(mA)

5、充電(dian)電(dian)流大于(yu)電(dian)池(chi)容量的20％時：（超快速）

充電時(shi)間（小時(shi)）＝電池容量（mAH）×1.1÷充電電流(mA)