在這里，首先要說明的是，充電是使用充電電池的重要步驟。適(shi)當合理的充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)對(dui)延長電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池壽(shou)命(ming)(ming)很有好處(chu)，而野蠻胡亂(luan)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)將會(hui)對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池壽(shou)命(ming)(ming)有很大影響。上一篇曾說(shuo)過，目前的鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池基本都是根據各(ge)個產品單獨封裝，互不通(tong)用的，因此各(ge)個產品也提供各(ge)自的充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設備，互不通(tong)用，在使用時只要遵(zun)循各(ge)自的說(shuo)明書(shu)使用即可。所以本篇對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的介紹主要是指鎳鎘電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池和(he)鎳氫(qing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池。對(dui)鎳隔電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池和(he)鎳氫(qing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)有兩種方式，就是我們大家所熟知的“快(kuai)(kuai)充(chong)(chong)(chong)”和(he)“慢充(chong)(chong)(chong)”。快(kuai)(kuai)充(chong)(chong)(chong)和(he)慢充(chong)(chong)(chong)是充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的一個重要概(gai)念，只有了解了快(kuai)(kuai)充(chong)(chong)(chong)和(he)慢充(chong)(chong)(chong)才能正確掌握(wo)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。

　　首先，快充和慢充是個相對的概念。有人曾問，我的充電器充(chong)(chong)電電流(liu)有200mA，是不是快充(chong)(chong)？這個答(da)案并不絕對(dui)(dui)，應(ying)該回答(da)對(dui)(dui)于某(mou)些(xie)電池(chi)來(lai)說，它是快充(chong)(chong)，而對(dui)(dui)于某(mou)些(xie)電池(chi)來(lai)說，它只是慢充(chong)(chong)。那我(wo)們究竟(jing)怎樣來(lai)判別快充(chong)(chong)還是慢充(chong)(chong)呢？

　　例(li)如一(yi)(yi)節(jie)(jie)5號鎳氫(qing)電池的電容(rong)量為1200mAH，而(er)另一(yi)(yi)節(jie)(jie)則(ze)為1600mAH。我們把(ba)一(yi)(yi)節(jie)(jie)電池的電容(rong)量稱(cheng)為1C，可見1C只(zhi)是一(yi)(yi)個(ge)邏(luo)輯概念，同樣的1C，并不(bu)相等。

　　在充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)時，充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)小于0.1C時，我們稱為涓(juan)(juan)流(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)。顧名思義(yi)，是(shi)指電(dian)(dian)流(liu)很(hen)小。一般而言，涓(juan)(juan)流(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)能(neng)夠把電(dian)(dian)池充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)的(de)很(hen)足，而不(bu)傷害(hai)電(dian)(dian)池壽命，但用(yong)涓(juan)(juan)流(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)所花的(de)時間實在太長，因(yin)此很(hen)少(shao)單獨(du)使用(yong)，而是(shi)和其它充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)方(fang)式(shi)結合(he)使用(yong)。

　　充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流在0.1C-0.2C之間時，我們(men)稱(cheng)為慢速(su)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)。充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流大(da)于(yu)0.2C，小于(yu)0.8C則是快速(su)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)。而當充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流大(da)于(yu)0.8C時，我們(men)稱(cheng)之為超高速(su)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)。

　　正(zheng)因為1C是(shi)個(ge)邏(luo)輯(ji)概念而(er)非(fei)絕(jue)對值(zhi)，因此根據1C折算的(de)(de)快(kuai)充(chong)慢(man)充(chong)也是(shi)一(yi)個(ge)相對值(zhi)。前面(mian)例子(zi)中提到的(de)(de)200mA充(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流對于(yu)1200mAH的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)來說(shuo)是(shi)慢(man)充(chong)，而(er)對于(yu)700mAH的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)來說(shuo)就是(shi)快(kuai)充(chong)。

　　知(zhi)道了快慢充(chong)(chong)(chong)的(de)(de)概念后，我們還需(xu)要(yao)了解充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器的(de)(de)情況(kuang)才能對電(dian)(dian)池正確充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)。目前市場上的(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器主要(yao)分為恒流充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器和自動充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器兩種。

二、恒流充電器

　　恒流充電器是市場(chang)上最常(chang)見的(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)，從鎳鎘電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)時(shi)代，我們就開始使(shi)(shi)用恒流(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)。恒流(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)通常(chang)使(shi)(shi)用慢(man)速充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)，它的(de)使(shi)(shi)用相對(dui)比(bi)較簡(jian)單，只需將電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)放在電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)倉中(zhong)即可(ke)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)。需要注意(yi)的(de)是，對(dui)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)間的(de)計算要準確。

　　對充(chong)(chong)電(dian)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)的(de)計(ji)算有個簡單的(de)公式：Hour=1.5C/充(chong)(chong)電(dian)電(dian)流(liu)(liu)。例如(ru)：對1200mAH的(de)電(dian)池充(chong)(chong)電(dian)，充(chong)(chong)電(dian)器(qi)的(de)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)電(dian)流(liu)(liu)為(wei)150mA，則(ze)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)為(wei)1800mAH/150mA等(deng)于12小(xiao)時(shi)(shi)。當然在很多時(shi)(shi)候并(bing)不能計(ji)算出(chu)正好的(de)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)，我們可(ke)以(yi)挑離得最(zui)近的(de)半小(xiao)時(shi)(shi)以(yi)方便記時(shi)(shi)。例如(ru)：充(chong)(chong)電(dian)器(qi)的(de)電(dian)流(liu)(liu)為(wei)160mA，對1400mAH的(de)電(dian)池充(chong)(chong)電(dian)，則(ze)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)為(wei)2100mAH/160mA約為(wei)13小(xiao)時(shi)(shi)，而不用(yong)計(ji)算到分。恒(heng)流(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)器(qi)的(de)構造簡單，工(gong)作(zuo)穩定(ding)，是一(yi)種不錯的(de)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)方式，對電(dian)池壽(shou)命的(de)影響小(xiao)。但它也(ye)(ye)有其(qi)局限性，首先必須計(ji)算時(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)，另外隨著鎳氫電(dian)池的(de)容量越(yue)來(lai)(lai)越(yue)大，恒(heng)流(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)所需的(de)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)也(ye)(ye)越(yue)來(lai)(lai)越(yue)長，對使(shi)用(yong)帶(dai)來(lai)(lai)了一(yi)定(ding)的(de)不便。因此，近年來(lai)(lai)快速自動充(chong)(chong)電(dian)器(qi)也(ye)(ye)逐漸流(liu)(liu)行起來(lai)(lai)

三、快速自動充電器

　　快速(su)自動充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)在(zai)這兩年越(yue)來(lai)(lai)越(yue)受到大家歡迎，它(ta)具有(you)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)速(su)度快，安全等特點。但(dan)也有(you)一(yi)部(bu)分人(ren)對(dui)它(ta)有(you)疑慮(lv)，因為快速(su)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)基(ji)本(ben)都使用(yong)快充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流來(lai)(lai)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，這些人(ren)怕它(ta)會(hui)對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池的壽(shou)命產生影響。那么實際的情況(kuang)如何呢？

首先要肯定的(de)(de)是(shi)大電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)壽命(ming)的(de)(de)影(ying)響(xiang)是(shi)很小的(de)(de)，在很多情況下我們都要用到快速充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)甚至(zhi)超高速充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)有(you)時可以(yi)達到2C或更高。大電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)并不是(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)殺手，真正對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)壽命(ming)產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)影(ying)響(xiang)的(de)(de)是(shi)大電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)時產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)的(de)(de)高熱。

　　我們對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)(shi)要(yao)(yao)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)比電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)標(biao)稱電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓稍高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓來(lai)進行，而電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)本身對充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)會產(chan)(chan)生一(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)反電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)勢，因此(ci)(ci)有(you)一(yi)(yi)部分電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)為(wei)了(le)抵消反電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)勢而白白作功，轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)化(hua)為(wei)熱(re)能(neng)。當(dang)(dang)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)越大，就(jiu)有(you)更(geng)多的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)被轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)化(hua)為(wei)熱(re)能(neng)，充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)就(jiu)越高(gao)。過(guo)高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)對充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)有(you)害(hai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，在慢(man)速(su)恒(heng)(heng)流(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)中，由于是(shi)(shi)(shi)慢(man)速(su)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，產(chan)(chan)生的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)熱(re)量(liang)在可(ke)(ke)控制范(fan)(fan)(fan)圍(wei)內(nei)，因此(ci)(ci)并不(bu)需要(yao)(yao)采(cai)取特殊(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)措施。但在快(kuai)(kuai)速(su)自動(dong)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)中，采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)快(kuai)(kuai)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)就(jiu)會產(chan)(chan)生更(geng)高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)。因此(ci)(ci)目前市場上的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)快(kuai)(kuai)速(su)自動(dong)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)都采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)了(le)各(ge)種方法來(lai)降低充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)，通常(chang)所使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi)余弦(xian)法，也(ye)就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)說(shuo)并非用(yong)(yong)(yong)恒(heng)(heng)定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，而是(shi)(shi)(shi)像余弦(xian)波那樣電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)強度(du)隨(sui)之變化(hua)，這(zhe)樣能(neng)緩(huan)解熱(re)量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)積聚，從(cong)而將溫(wen)(wen)度(du)控制在一(yi)(yi)定(ding)(ding)范(fan)(fan)(fan)圍(wei)內(nei)。由于這(zhe)類(lei)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)不(bu)再使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)恒(heng)(heng)定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，也(ye)和過(guo)去(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)恒(heng)(heng)流(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)有(you)明(ming)顯的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)區別使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)快(kuai)(kuai)速(su)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)另一(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)問題(ti)是(shi)(shi)(shi)，當(dang)(dang)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)到了(le)之后(hou)如果忘記停止充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傷害(hai)要(yao)(yao)遠(yuan)大于慢(man)速(su)恒(heng)(heng)流(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)過(guo)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)產(chan)(chan)生的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傷害(hai)。因此(ci)(ci)為(wei)了(le)解決過(guo)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)問題(ti)，快(kuai)(kuai)速(su)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)一(yi)(yi)般都采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)了(le)比如電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓斜率判斷(duan)法等方法來(lai)判斷(duan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)否接(jie)近(jin)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)滿，這(zhe)些充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)都使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)了(le)控制電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路或者IC芯片來(lai)完成這(zhe)一(yi)(yi)任務(wu)。當(dang)(dang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)接(jie)近(jin)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)滿時(shi)(shi)(shi)，控制電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路會自動(dong)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)入涓(juan)(juan)流(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)模(mo)式，對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)進行涓(juan)(juan)流(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)涓(juan)(juan)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)進行充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)好處是(shi)(shi)(shi)很明(ming)顯的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，其(qi)一(yi)(yi)如前所述，涓(juan)(juan)流(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)將電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)很滿，其(qi)次就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)不(bu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)擔心過(guo)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)問題(ti)，因此(ci)(ci)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)這(zhe)類(lei)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最大好處就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)不(bu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)再去(qu)(qu)計算(suan)時(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)。具體的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)方法可(ke)(ke)以查看各(ge)自的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)說(shuo)明(ming)書，以防操作不(bu)當(dang)(dang)。快(kuai)(kuai)速(su)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)有(you)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)分支就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)超高(gao)速(su)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)，這(zhe)類(lei)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)范(fan)(fan)(fan)圍(wei)不(bu)大，設(she)計、結構(gou)和工藝(yi)都很復雜，因此(ci)(ci)價格(ge)相當(dang)(dang)昂(ang)貴。

　　在(zai)一(yi)些(xie)特殊(shu)的場合，人們需(xu)要在(zai)很(hen)(hen)短(duan)的時間內充(chong)(chong)好電(dian)(dian)(dian)池使(shi)用，這就需(xu)要使(shi)用超高(gao)(gao)速充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器。由(you)于超高(gao)(gao)速充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器需(xu)要極大的充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流，有些(xie)甚至使(shi)用了2C-3C的充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流，其發熱問題尤為(wei)嚴(yan)重(zhong)，僅僅采(cai)(cai)用余(yu)弦波(bo)(bo)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)還不夠(gou)，因(yin)此這類充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器很(hen)(hen)多都采(cai)(cai)用在(zai)一(yi)個余(yu)弦波(bo)(bo)后插入(ru)一(yi)個很(hen)(hen)短(duan)暫的放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)這種方法(fa)。這種做法(fa)可以緩(huan)解由(you)于反電(dian)(dian)(dian)勢消耗充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流所產(chan)生(sheng)的熱量(liang)積累，從而進一(yi)步控制溫度。

四、放電

　　上一(yi)篇曾介(jie)紹了充(chong)電電池的記憶(yi)效(xiao)應，我們也知道當(dang)記憶(yi)效(xiao)應逐漸累積，會使(shi)(shi)電池的實際(ji)使(shi)(shi)用容量大幅下(xia)降。要(yao)減輕記憶(yi)效(xiao)應所帶來(lai)的負作(zuo)用，一(yi)個(ge)有效(xiao)的方法就是放(fang)電。一(yi)般來(lai)講由(you)于鎳鎘電池的記憶(yi)效(xiao)應比較明顯，建議在反復(fu)(fu)充(chong)電使(shi)(shi)用5-10次(ci)后就作(zuo)一(yi)次(ci)放(fang)電，而鎳氫電池的記憶(yi)效(xiao)應要(yao)好些，可(ke)以在反復(fu)(fu)充(chong)電使(shi)(shi)用20-30次(ci)后作(zuo)一(yi)次(ci)放(fang)電。

　　在(zai)市場上(shang)銷售的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)些高檔(dang)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器自(zi)身帶有(you)放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)功能(neng)，但絕大部分的(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)低(di)檔(dang)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器是(shi)沒有(you)放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)功能(neng)的(de)(de)(de)，這時(shi)我們該怎么辦呢(ni)？在(zai)了解了放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)理(li)后(hou)，我們也(ye)可以(yi)自(zi)己嘗試著對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)進行放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。我們已(yi)經(jing)知道，鎳鎘電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)和鎳氫(qing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)標(biao)稱電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓是(shi)1.2V，但實際(ji)上(shang)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓是(shi)個(ge)變化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)值，隨著電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)是(shi)否充足，圍繞著1. 2V左右進行波動(dong)。一(yi)(yi)般在(zai)1V-1.4V之(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)波動(dong)，不同品牌(pai)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)由(you)于(yu)工藝上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)不盡相同，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓波動(dong)范(fan)圍也(ye)不完全一(yi)(yi)致(zhi)對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)進行放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)就(jiu)是(shi)采用(yong)很(hen)小的(de)(de)(de)放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流，使(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓緩慢(man)下降(jiang)，下降(jiang)到(dao)(dao)0.9V-1V之(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)，就(jiu)應(ying)該停止放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。不建議將電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)到(dao)(dao)0.9V之(zhi)(zhi)下，這樣做會(hui)造成過(guo)度放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，使(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)受到(dao)(dao)不可逆的(de)(de)(de)傷害，上(shang)一(yi)(yi)篇曾說過(guo)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)不適(shi)合(he)于(yu)用(yong)在(zai)家電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)遙(yao)控器中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，就(jiu)是(shi)因為遙(yao)控器的(de)(de)(de)使(shi)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流很(hen)小，長時(shi)間(jian)放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)在(zai)遙(yao)控器中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)使(shi)用(yong)很(hen)容易造成過(guo)度放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)經(jing)過(guo)一(yi)(yi)次正確(que)的(de)(de)(de)放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)后(hou)，你會(hui)驚喜的(de)(de)(de)發現電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)容量(liang)又恢(hui)復到(dao)(dao)原(yuan)來的(de)(de)(de)水平，因此當發現電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)容量(liang)有(you)所(suo)下降(jiang)時(shi)，就(jiu)最好作一(yi)(yi)次放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。

　　自己對電(dian)池做放電(dian)有個簡(jian)便(bian)的(de)方(fang)法(fa)，就是接一個小電(dian)珠(zhu)作為負(fu)載，但必須使用電(dian)表來(lai)監(jian)視電(dian)壓值的(de)變化，以防(fang)過度放電(dian)。

對于充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)器(qi)的(de)選(xuan)擇，究(jiu)竟是(shi)(shi)選(xuan)擇快(kuai)速充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)器(qi)還是(shi)(shi)慢速恒流充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)器(qi)，這(zhe)主要看自(zi)己使(shi)(shi)用的(de)側重(zhong)點。例如經常外出使(shi)(shi)用數碼相機等(deng)設備的(de)朋(peng)友(you)，就應該選(xuan)擇快(kuai)速充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)器(qi)，以滿(man)足時間上的(de)要求，甚(shen)至(zhi)可(ke)以購買超高速的(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)器(qi)，而(er)只使(shi)(shi)用隨身聽等(deng)設備的(de)朋(peng)友(you)，恒流充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)器(qi)就能滿(man)足需要在掌握(wo)了(le)正確的(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)放電(dian)知(zhi)識后，大家一定能更(geng)好地使(shi)(shi)用自(zi)己的(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)電(dian)池。請大家不要拘(ju)泥于快(kuai)速充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)。

充電時間計算

**********電池(chi)容量(liang)看(kan)電池(chi)外面的標注**************

*********充電電流看(kan)充電器(qi)上標注的輸入電流*******

1、充電電流(liu)小于等于電池容量的5％時(shi) （慢速）

充電(dian)時(shi)間（小時(shi)）＝電(dian)池容(rong)量(liang)（mAH）×1.6÷充電(dian)電(dian)流(mA)

2、充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)流大于電(dian)池容(rong)量的5％，小于等于10％時：（快速）

充電(dian)時(shi)間（小時(shi)）＝電(dian)池容量（mAH）×1.5÷充電(dian)電(dian)流(mA)

3、充(chong)電電流大于(yu)電池容量(liang)的10％，小于(yu)等于(yu)15％時：

充電(dian)時間（小時）＝電(dian)池容(rong)量（mAH）×1.3÷充電(dian)電(dian)流(mA

4、充電電流大于(yu)電池(chi)容量的15％，小于(yu)等(deng)于(yu)20％時

充電(dian)時間（小時）＝電(dian)池容(rong)量（mAH）×1.2÷充電(dian)電(dian)流(mA)

5、充電(dian)電(dian)流大于電(dian)池容(rong)量的20％時：（超快(kuai)速）

充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)時間（小時）＝電(dian)(dian)(dian)池容量（mAH）×1.1÷充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(mA)