在這里，首先要說明的是，充電是使用充電電池的(de)(de)(de)重要步驟。適當(dang)合理(li)的(de)(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)對(dui)延長電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池壽命很有(you)(you)好處，而野蠻胡亂(luan)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)將會對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池壽命有(you)(you)很大影響。上(shang)一(yi)篇(pian)曾(ceng)說過，目前的(de)(de)(de)鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池基(ji)本(ben)都是(shi)根據(ju)各個(ge)產品單獨封(feng)裝，互不通(tong)(tong)用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)，因此各個(ge)產品也提供各自(zi)的(de)(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設備，互不通(tong)(tong)用(yong)，在(zai)使用(yong)時只(zhi)要遵循各自(zi)的(de)(de)(de)說明書使用(yong)即可。所以本(ben)篇(pian)對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)介紹主要是(shi)指鎳(nie)(nie)鎘電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池和(he)鎳(nie)(nie)氫(qing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池。對(dui)鎳(nie)(nie)隔電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池和(he)鎳(nie)(nie)氫(qing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)有(you)(you)兩種方(fang)式，就是(shi)我們大家所熟知(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)“快(kuai)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)”和(he)“慢(man)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)”。快(kuai)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)和(he)慢(man)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)是(shi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)個(ge)重要概念，只(zhi)有(you)(you)了(le)解了(le)快(kuai)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)和(he)慢(man)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)才能正(zheng)確掌(zhang)握充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。

　　首先，快充和慢充是個相對的概念。有人曾問，我的充電器充(chong)(chong)(chong)電電流有200mA，是不是快(kuai)充(chong)(chong)(chong)？這個答案并(bing)不絕對(dui)，應(ying)該回答對(dui)于某些(xie)電池來(lai)說(shuo)，它是快(kuai)充(chong)(chong)(chong)，而對(dui)于某些(xie)電池來(lai)說(shuo)，它只是慢(man)充(chong)(chong)(chong)。那我們究(jiu)竟怎樣來(lai)判(pan)別快(kuai)充(chong)(chong)(chong)還(huan)是慢(man)充(chong)(chong)(chong)呢？

　　例如一節(jie)(jie)5號(hao)鎳氫(qing)電(dian)池的(de)電(dian)容量(liang)為1200mAH，而(er)另一節(jie)(jie)則為1600mAH。我們(men)把一節(jie)(jie)電(dian)池的(de)電(dian)容量(liang)稱為1C，可(ke)見1C只(zhi)是一個邏輯概念，同樣的(de)1C，并不相等。

　　在充(chong)電(dian)(dian)時(shi)，充(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流小于0.1C時(shi)，我(wo)們稱為涓(juan)流充(chong)電(dian)(dian)。顧名(ming)思(si)義，是指電(dian)(dian)流很小。一(yi)般而言，涓(juan)流充(chong)電(dian)(dian)能(neng)夠把電(dian)(dian)池充(chong)的(de)很足，而不傷害電(dian)(dian)池壽命，但用(yong)(yong)(yong)涓(juan)流充(chong)電(dian)(dian)所花的(de)時(shi)間實在太長，因此很少單獨使用(yong)(yong)(yong)，而是和其它充(chong)電(dian)(dian)方(fang)式結合使用(yong)(yong)(yong)。

　　充(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)在0.1C-0.2C之(zhi)間時，我們(men)稱為慢速充(chong)電(dian)(dian)。充(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)大(da)(da)于0.2C，小于0.8C則是快速充(chong)電(dian)(dian)。而當充(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)大(da)(da)于0.8C時，我們(men)稱之(zhi)為超高(gao)速充(chong)電(dian)(dian)。

　　正因為1C是(shi)個邏(luo)輯概念而非(fei)絕對值，因此根(gen)據1C折算的快(kuai)充(chong)慢充(chong)也是(shi)一(yi)個相對值。前面(mian)例子中提到的200mA充(chong)電電流對于1200mAH的電池來說是(shi)慢充(chong)，而對于700mAH的電池來說就是(shi)快(kuai)充(chong)。

　　知道了(le)快慢充(chong)的(de)概念后(hou)，我們還需要了(le)解(jie)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)器的(de)情況才能對(dui)電(dian)(dian)池正確(que)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)。目(mu)前(qian)市場上的(de)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)器主要分為(wei)恒(heng)流充(chong)電(dian)(dian)器和自(zi)動充(chong)電(dian)(dian)器兩(liang)種。

二、恒流充電器

　　恒流充電器是市場上最常見的充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)，從鎳鎘(ge)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)時代，我們就開始使(shi)用恒(heng)流充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)。恒(heng)流充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)通(tong)常使(shi)用慢(man)速充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流，它的使(shi)用相對(dui)比較簡單，只(zhi)需將電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)放在電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)倉中即可充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)。需要(yao)注(zhu)意的是，對(dui)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)時間的計算(suan)要(yao)準確。

　　對(dui)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)間的(de)(de)計(ji)算(suan)有(you)個(ge)簡單的(de)(de)公式：Hour=1.5C/充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)。例如：對(dui)1200mAH的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)的(de)(de)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)為(wei)150mA，則(ze)時(shi)(shi)間為(wei)1800mAH/150mA等于(yu)12小(xiao)時(shi)(shi)。當然在很(hen)多(duo)時(shi)(shi)候并(bing)不能計(ji)算(suan)出正好(hao)的(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)間，我們(men)可以挑(tiao)離得最近的(de)(de)半小(xiao)時(shi)(shi)以方便記(ji)時(shi)(shi)。例如：充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)為(wei)160mA，對(dui)1400mAH的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，則(ze)時(shi)(shi)間為(wei)2100mAH/160mA約為(wei)13小(xiao)時(shi)(shi)，而不用計(ji)算(suan)到(dao)分。恒流(liu)(liu)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)的(de)(de)構造簡單，工作穩定(ding)，是一種不錯(cuo)的(de)(de)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)方式，對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)壽命(ming)的(de)(de)影響小(xiao)。但它也有(you)其局限性，首先必須計(ji)算(suan)時(shi)(shi)間，另外隨(sui)著鎳氫電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)容(rong)量越(yue)(yue)來越(yue)(yue)大，恒流(liu)(liu)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)所需的(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)間也越(yue)(yue)來越(yue)(yue)長，對(dui)使用帶來了一定(ding)的(de)(de)不便。因此，近年來快(kuai)速自動充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)也逐漸流(liu)(liu)行(xing)起(qi)來

三、快速自動充電器

　　快(kuai)速自動充(chong)電器在(zai)這兩年越來(lai)越受到大(da)家歡(huan)迎(ying)，它(ta)具(ju)有充(chong)電速度(du)快(kuai)，安全等特(te)點(dian)。但(dan)也有一部分人對它(ta)有疑慮，因為(wei)快(kuai)速充(chong)電器基(ji)本(ben)都使用快(kuai)充(chong)電流來(lai)充(chong)電，這些(xie)人怕它(ta)會對電池的(de)壽命產(chan)生(sheng)影響。那么實際的(de)情況(kuang)如(ru)何呢？

首(shou)先要肯定的(de)是(shi)大(da)(da)(da)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)對電(dian)(dian)池壽(shou)命的(de)影響是(shi)很小的(de)，在(zai)很多情況下(xia)我(wo)們都(dou)要用到快速充(chong)電(dian)(dian)甚(shen)至超高速充(chong)電(dian)(dian)，充(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)有時可(ke)以達到2C或更高。大(da)(da)(da)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)并不是(shi)電(dian)(dian)池殺手(shou)，真正對電(dian)(dian)池壽(shou)命產(chan)生影響的(de)是(shi)大(da)(da)(da)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)時產(chan)生的(de)高熱。

　　我們對(dui)(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)要(yao)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)比電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)標稱電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓稍高(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓來(lai)進(jin)(jin)行，而(er)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)本身對(dui)(dui)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)會(hui)產生一(yi)個(ge)反(fan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)勢(shi)，因此(ci)有(you)(you)一(yi)部分(fen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)為了抵消反(fan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)勢(shi)而(er)白(bai)白(bai)作(zuo)功，轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)化(hua)為熱(re)能(neng)。當(dang)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)越(yue)(yue)大(da)，就(jiu)(jiu)有(you)(you)更多的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)被(bei)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)化(hua)為熱(re)能(neng)，充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)溫度(du)(du)就(jiu)(jiu)越(yue)(yue)高(gao)(gao)。過(guo)高(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)溫度(du)(du)對(dui)(dui)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)是(shi)有(you)(you)害(hai)(hai)的(de)(de)(de)，在慢速(su)(su)恒(heng)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)中，由于(yu)是(shi)慢速(su)(su)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，產生的(de)(de)(de)熱(re)量在可控(kong)制(zhi)范圍(wei)內，因此(ci)并(bing)不(bu)需要(yao)采(cai)取特殊的(de)(de)(de)措施。但在快(kuai)(kuai)速(su)(su)自(zi)動充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)中，采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)快(kuai)(kuai)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)就(jiu)(jiu)會(hui)產生更高(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)溫度(du)(du)。因此(ci)目前市場上的(de)(de)(de)快(kuai)(kuai)速(su)(su)自(zi)動充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)都采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)了各種方法(fa)(fa)來(lai)降低充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)溫度(du)(du)，通常所使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)是(shi)余(yu)弦(xian)法(fa)(fa)，也(ye)就(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)說(shuo)并(bing)非用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)恒(heng)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)大(da)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，而(er)是(shi)像余(yu)弦(xian)波那(nei)樣電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)強度(du)(du)隨之(zhi)變化(hua)，這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)樣能(neng)緩解(jie)熱(re)量的(de)(de)(de)積聚，從而(er)將溫度(du)(du)控(kong)制(zhi)在一(yi)定(ding)范圍(wei)內。由于(yu)這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)類充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)不(bu)再(zai)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)恒(heng)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，也(ye)和過(guo)去的(de)(de)(de)恒(heng)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)有(you)(you)明(ming)顯的(de)(de)(de)區別使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)快(kuai)(kuai)速(su)(su)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)另一(yi)個(ge)問題(ti)是(shi)，當(dang)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)間到(dao)了之(zhi)后如果忘記停止充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，對(dui)(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)傷害(hai)(hai)要(yao)遠大(da)于(yu)慢速(su)(su)恒(heng)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)過(guo)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)產生的(de)(de)(de)傷害(hai)(hai)。因此(ci)為了解(jie)決過(guo)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)問題(ti)，快(kuai)(kuai)速(su)(su)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)一(yi)般都采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)了比如電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓斜率判斷(duan)法(fa)(fa)等方法(fa)(fa)來(lai)判斷(duan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)是(shi)否接近充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)滿，這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)些充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)都使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)了控(kong)制(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路或者IC芯片來(lai)完成這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)一(yi)任(ren)務(wu)。當(dang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)接近充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)滿時(shi)(shi)，控(kong)制(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路會(hui)自(zi)動轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)入(ru)涓(juan)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)模式，對(dui)(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)進(jin)(jin)行涓(juan)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)涓(juan)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)對(dui)(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)進(jin)(jin)行充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)好(hao)處是(shi)很(hen)明(ming)顯的(de)(de)(de)，其一(yi)如前所述，涓(juan)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)將電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)的(de)(de)(de)很(hen)滿，其次就(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)不(bu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)擔心(xin)過(guo)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)的(de)(de)(de)問題(ti)，因此(ci)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)類充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)最大(da)好(hao)處就(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)不(bu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)再(zai)去計算(suan)時(shi)(shi)間。具(ju)體的(de)(de)(de)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)方法(fa)(fa)可以查看各自(zi)的(de)(de)(de)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)說(shuo)明(ming)書(shu)，以防操作(zuo)不(bu)當(dang)。快(kuai)(kuai)速(su)(su)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)有(you)(you)一(yi)個(ge)分(fen)支就(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)超高(gao)(gao)速(su)(su)的(de)(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)，這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)類充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)范圍(wei)不(bu)大(da)，設(she)計、結構和工藝都很(hen)復雜，因此(ci)價格相當(dang)昂貴。

　　在一些(xie)特(te)殊的(de)(de)場合，人們(men)需要(yao)在很短(duan)的(de)(de)時間(jian)內充(chong)(chong)好電(dian)(dian)(dian)池使用(yong)，這(zhe)就需要(yao)使用(yong)超高速充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)。由于超高速充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)需要(yao)極大的(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)，有些(xie)甚至使用(yong)了2C-3C的(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)，其(qi)發熱(re)問題(ti)尤為嚴(yan)重，僅僅采用(yong)余(yu)弦(xian)(xian)波(bo)(bo)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)還不夠，因此這(zhe)類充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)很多(duo)都采用(yong)在一個(ge)余(yu)弦(xian)(xian)波(bo)(bo)后(hou)插入一個(ge)很短(duan)暫(zan)的(de)(de)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)這(zhe)種方(fang)法(fa)。這(zhe)種做(zuo)法(fa)可以緩解由于反(fan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)勢(shi)消(xiao)耗充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)所產(chan)生(sheng)的(de)(de)熱(re)量積累，從(cong)而(er)進一步控制溫度。

四、放電

　　上一(yi)篇曾介紹了充電電池的記(ji)(ji)憶(yi)(yi)效應(ying)(ying)(ying)，我(wo)們也知道當(dang)記(ji)(ji)憶(yi)(yi)效應(ying)(ying)(ying)逐漸(jian)累(lei)積，會使(shi)(shi)電池的實際使(shi)(shi)用容量大(da)幅下降。要減輕(qing)記(ji)(ji)憶(yi)(yi)效應(ying)(ying)(ying)所帶來(lai)的負作(zuo)用，一(yi)個(ge)有效的方法(fa)就是放電。一(yi)般來(lai)講由于鎳鎘(ge)電池的記(ji)(ji)憶(yi)(yi)效應(ying)(ying)(ying)比較明顯(xian)，建議(yi)在(zai)反復充電使(shi)(shi)用5-10次后(hou)就作(zuo)一(yi)次放電，而鎳氫電池的記(ji)(ji)憶(yi)(yi)效應(ying)(ying)(ying)要好些，可以在(zai)反復充電使(shi)(shi)用20-30次后(hou)作(zuo)一(yi)次放電。

　　在(zai)市場上(shang)銷售(shou)的一(yi)些高檔(dang)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)自(zi)身帶有(you)放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)功能，但絕大部分(fen)的中(zhong)低(di)檔(dang)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)是(shi)沒(mei)有(you)放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)功能的，這時(shi)我(wo)們(men)該(gai)怎(zen)么辦呢？在(zai)了(le)(le)解了(le)(le)放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的原理后(hou)，我(wo)們(men)也可(ke)(ke)以自(zi)己嘗試著(zhu)對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)進(jin)行放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。我(wo)們(men)已經知(zhi)道，鎳(nie)鎘電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)和鎳(nie)氫(qing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的標稱電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓是(shi)1.2V，但實際上(shang)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓是(shi)個變(bian)化的值，隨(sui)著(zhu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量是(shi)否充(chong)足(zu)，圍繞著(zhu)1. 2V左右進(jin)行波動。一(yi)般在(zai)1V-1.4V之(zhi)間波動，不(bu)(bu)同品牌的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)由于工藝上(shang)的不(bu)(bu)盡(jin)相同，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓波動范圍也不(bu)(bu)完全一(yi)致對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)進(jin)行放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)就(jiu)是(shi)采用(yong)(yong)很(hen)小(xiao)的放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流，使(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓緩慢下降，下降到(dao)0.9V-1V之(zhi)間，就(jiu)應(ying)該(gai)停止放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。不(bu)(bu)建(jian)議將電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)到(dao)0.9V之(zhi)下，這樣做會(hui)造(zao)成(cheng)過(guo)度(du)放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，使(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)受(shou)到(dao)不(bu)(bu)可(ke)(ke)逆的傷害，上(shang)一(yi)篇曾說過(guo)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)不(bu)(bu)適合于用(yong)(yong)在(zai)家電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)遙(yao)(yao)控器(qi)中(zhong)，就(jiu)是(shi)因(yin)為(wei)遙(yao)(yao)控器(qi)的使(shi)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流很(hen)小(xiao)，長時(shi)間放(fang)(fang)(fang)在(zai)遙(yao)(yao)控器(qi)中(zhong)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)很(hen)容易造(zao)成(cheng)過(guo)度(du)放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)經過(guo)一(yi)次正確的放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)后(hou)，你(ni)會(hui)驚喜的發(fa)現(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的容量又恢復(fu)到(dao)原來的水平，因(yin)此當發(fa)現(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的容量有(you)所(suo)下降時(shi)，就(jiu)最好作一(yi)次放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。

　　自(zi)己對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)做放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)有(you)個簡便的(de)方法，就是接一個小(xiao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)珠作為負載(zai)，但(dan)必須使用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)表來監視電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓值的(de)變化，以防過度(du)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。

對于充(chong)電(dian)器的選(xuan)擇(ze)，究竟是選(xuan)擇(ze)快速(su)充(chong)電(dian)器還是慢速(su)恒流(liu)充(chong)電(dian)器，這主(zhu)要看自己使(shi)用的側重(zhong)點。例(li)如經常外出使(shi)用數碼相(xiang)機(ji)等設備的朋友，就(jiu)應該選(xuan)擇(ze)快速(su)充(chong)電(dian)器，以滿足(zu)時間上的要求(qiu)，甚至可以購買超高(gao)速(su)的充(chong)電(dian)器，而只使(shi)用隨(sui)身聽等設備的朋友，恒流(liu)充(chong)電(dian)器就(jiu)能滿足(zu)需要在掌握了正確(que)的充(chong)放電(dian)知(zhi)識(shi)后(hou)，大家一(yi)定(ding)能更好地使(shi)用自己的充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)池。請大家不要拘泥于快速(su)充(chong)電(dian)。

充電時間計算

**********電池容量(liang)看電池外面的標注(zhu)**************

*********充電(dian)電(dian)流看充電(dian)器上(shang)標(biao)注的輸入電(dian)流*******

1、充電(dian)電(dian)流小于(yu)等(deng)于(yu)電(dian)池容量的5％時 （慢速）

充(chong)(chong)電(dian)時間(jian)（小時）＝電(dian)池容量(liang)（mAH）×1.6÷充(chong)(chong)電(dian)電(dian)流(mA)

2、充電(dian)電(dian)流大于(yu)電(dian)池容量的(de)5％，小(xiao)于(yu)等于(yu)10％時：（快速）

充(chong)電時間（小時）＝電池容量（mAH）×1.5÷充(chong)電電流(mA)

3、充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)流大于(yu)(yu)電(dian)池容量的10％，小于(yu)(yu)等于(yu)(yu)15％時(shi)：

充電(dian)時間（小(xiao)時）＝電(dian)池容量（mAH）×1.3÷充電(dian)電(dian)流(mA

4、充電電流(liu)大(da)于(yu)電池容(rong)量的15％，小于(yu)等(deng)于(yu)20％時

充電時間（小時）＝電池容量（mAH）×1.2÷充電電流(mA)

5、充電電流大于(yu)電池容量的20％時(shi)：（超快速）

充電(dian)時間（小(xiao)時）＝電(dian)池容量（mAH）×1.1÷充電(dian)電(dian)流(mA)