在這里，首先要說明的是，充電是使用充電電池的(de)重要(yao)(yao)步驟。適當合(he)理的(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)對(dui)延長(chang)電(dian)池(chi)壽命很有(you)好處(chu)，而野蠻胡亂充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)將會對(dui)電(dian)池(chi)壽命有(you)很大影響。上一篇曾說(shuo)過，目前的(de)鋰(li)電(dian)池(chi)基本都是(shi)根據各(ge)個(ge)產品(pin)單獨封裝，互不(bu)通(tong)用的(de)，因此各(ge)個(ge)產品(pin)也提(ti)供各(ge)自的(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)設備(bei)，互不(bu)通(tong)用，在使用時只要(yao)(yao)遵循各(ge)自的(de)說(shuo)明書使用即可。所(suo)以本篇對(dui)電(dian)池(chi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)的(de)介紹主要(yao)(yao)是(shi)指鎳(nie)鎘電(dian)池(chi)和(he)鎳(nie)氫電(dian)池(chi)。對(dui)鎳(nie)隔電(dian)池(chi)和(he)鎳(nie)氫電(dian)池(chi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)有(you)兩種方式，就是(shi)我們(men)大家所(suo)熟知的(de)“快(kuai)充(chong)(chong)(chong)”和(he)“慢(man)充(chong)(chong)(chong)”。快(kuai)充(chong)(chong)(chong)和(he)慢(man)充(chong)(chong)(chong)是(shi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)的(de)一個(ge)重要(yao)(yao)概念，只有(you)了(le)解(jie)了(le)快(kuai)充(chong)(chong)(chong)和(he)慢(man)充(chong)(chong)(chong)才能正確(que)掌握(wo)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)。

　　首先，快充和慢充是個相對的概念。有人曾問，我的充電器充電電流有200mA，是(shi)不是(shi)快(kuai)充？這個答案并(bing)不絕(jue)對，應該回答對于某些電池來(lai)(lai)說，它是(shi)快(kuai)充，而對于某些電池來(lai)(lai)說，它只(zhi)是(shi)慢充。那(nei)我(wo)們究竟怎(zen)樣來(lai)(lai)判別快(kuai)充還是(shi)慢充呢？

　　例如一(yi)節5號鎳(nie)氫電池的(de)(de)電容(rong)量為1200mAH，而另一(yi)節則為1600mAH。我們(men)把一(yi)節電池的(de)(de)電容(rong)量稱為1C，可見1C只是一(yi)個邏(luo)輯概(gai)念(nian)，同樣的(de)(de)1C，并不相等。

　　在充(chong)電(dian)時(shi)，充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)流(liu)小于0.1C時(shi)，我們稱為涓流(liu)充(chong)電(dian)。顧名思(si)義，是指電(dian)流(liu)很(hen)小。一般而言，涓流(liu)充(chong)電(dian)能夠把(ba)電(dian)池(chi)充(chong)的(de)很(hen)足，而不傷(shang)害電(dian)池(chi)壽命，但用涓流(liu)充(chong)電(dian)所花(hua)的(de)時(shi)間(jian)實在太(tai)長，因(yin)此很(hen)少(shao)單(dan)獨使(shi)用，而是和其它充(chong)電(dian)方(fang)式結合使(shi)用。

　　充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)在0.1C-0.2C之間時，我(wo)們稱為慢速充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)大于(yu)0.2C，小于(yu)0.8C則(ze)是快速充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。而(er)當充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)大于(yu)0.8C時，我(wo)們稱之為超高(gao)速充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。

　　正因為1C是個(ge)(ge)邏輯概念而非絕對(dui)值，因此根據1C折算的快充(chong)(chong)慢(man)(man)充(chong)(chong)也(ye)是一個(ge)(ge)相對(dui)值。前面例子中提到(dao)的200mA充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流對(dui)于(yu)1200mAH的電(dian)(dian)池(chi)來說(shuo)是慢(man)(man)充(chong)(chong)，而對(dui)于(yu)700mAH的電(dian)(dian)池(chi)來說(shuo)就是快充(chong)(chong)。

　　知(zhi)道了(le)快慢充(chong)的(de)概念后，我們還需要了(le)解充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)的(de)情況才能對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)正確(que)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)。目前市(shi)場上的(de)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)主要分為恒流充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)和自動充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)兩(liang)種。

二、恒流充電器

　　恒流充電器是市場上最(zui)常見的充(chong)電(dian)(dian)器，從鎳鎘電(dian)(dian)池(chi)時(shi)代，我們就開始(shi)使用恒(heng)流充(chong)電(dian)(dian)器。恒(heng)流充(chong)電(dian)(dian)器通常使用慢速充(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流，它的使用相對比較(jiao)簡(jian)單，只需將電(dian)(dian)池(chi)放在電(dian)(dian)池(chi)倉中(zhong)即可充(chong)電(dian)(dian)。需要注(zhu)意的是，對充(chong)電(dian)(dian)時(shi)間的計算(suan)要準確。

　　對(dui)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電時(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)計(ji)算(suan)(suan)(suan)有個簡(jian)單的(de)(de)公式：Hour=1.5C/充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電電流(liu)。例(li)如(ru)：對(dui)1200mAH的(de)(de)電池(chi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電，充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電器(qi)的(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電電流(liu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)150mA，則(ze)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)1800mAH/150mA等于12小(xiao)時(shi)(shi)。當然在很(hen)多(duo)時(shi)(shi)候并不能計(ji)算(suan)(suan)(suan)出正好的(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)，我們(men)可以挑(tiao)離得最近(jin)的(de)(de)半(ban)小(xiao)時(shi)(shi)以方便記時(shi)(shi)。例(li)如(ru)：充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電器(qi)的(de)(de)電流(liu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)160mA，對(dui)1400mAH的(de)(de)電池(chi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電，則(ze)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)2100mAH/160mA約為(wei)(wei)(wei)13小(xiao)時(shi)(shi)，而不用計(ji)算(suan)(suan)(suan)到(dao)分。恒流(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電器(qi)的(de)(de)構(gou)造簡(jian)單，工(gong)作穩(wen)定，是一種不錯的(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電方式，對(dui)電池(chi)壽命(ming)的(de)(de)影響(xiang)小(xiao)。但它也有其局限性，首先(xian)必須計(ji)算(suan)(suan)(suan)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)，另外隨著鎳(nie)氫電池(chi)的(de)(de)容(rong)量越來(lai)越大，恒流(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電所需的(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)也越來(lai)越長，對(dui)使用帶來(lai)了一定的(de)(de)不便。因此，近(jin)年來(lai)快(kuai)速自(zi)動充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電器(qi)也逐(zhu)漸流(liu)行起來(lai)

三、快速自動充電器

　　快(kuai)速(su)自動充(chong)(chong)電(dian)器(qi)在(zai)這兩年(nian)越(yue)來越(yue)受到大家歡迎，它(ta)具有(you)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)速(su)度(du)快(kuai)，安全等特點。但也(ye)有(you)一部(bu)分(fen)人(ren)對(dui)它(ta)有(you)疑慮，因(yin)為快(kuai)速(su)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)器(qi)基(ji)本都使用快(kuai)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)流來充(chong)(chong)電(dian)，這些人(ren)怕(pa)它(ta)會(hui)對(dui)電(dian)池的壽命產生影響。那么實際(ji)的情況如(ru)何(he)呢(ni)？

首先要肯定的(de)是(shi)大電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)壽命的(de)影響(xiang)是(shi)很小的(de)，在很多情況下(xia)我們都要用到(dao)快速充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)甚(shen)至超高速充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)有(you)時可以(yi)達到(dao)2C或(huo)更(geng)高。大電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)并(bing)不是(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)殺手，真(zhen)正對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)壽命產生影響(xiang)的(de)是(shi)大電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時產生的(de)高熱(re)。

　　我們(men)對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時要(yao)使(shi)用(yong)比(bi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)標稱電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓稍高的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓來(lai)(lai)進行(xing)，而電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)本身對(dui)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流會產生一(yi)個反電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)勢(shi)，因(yin)(yin)此有一(yi)部分電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流為(wei)了(le)抵消(xiao)反電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)勢(shi)而白白作功，轉(zhuan)(zhuan)化(hua)(hua)為(wei)熱能(neng)(neng)。當充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流越(yue)大，就(jiu)有更(geng)多的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)被轉(zhuan)(zhuan)化(hua)(hua)為(wei)熱能(neng)(neng)，充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溫度(du)就(jiu)越(yue)高。過(guo)(guo)高的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溫度(du)對(dui)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)有害(hai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，在(zai)慢速(su)恒(heng)流充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)中，由于(yu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)慢速(su)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，產生的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)熱量在(zai)可控制范圍內，因(yin)(yin)此并不(bu)需要(yao)采(cai)(cai)取特殊的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)措(cuo)施(shi)。但在(zai)快速(su)自動(dong)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)中，采(cai)(cai)用(yong)快充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流就(jiu)會產生更(geng)高的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溫度(du)。因(yin)(yin)此目前市場(chang)上的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)快速(su)自動(dong)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)都(dou)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)了(le)各種方(fang)(fang)法(fa)來(lai)(lai)降低充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溫度(du)，通常所使(shi)用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)余(yu)弦(xian)法(fa)，也(ye)就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)說并非用(yong)恒(heng)定的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，而是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)像余(yu)弦(xian)波(bo)那樣電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流強度(du)隨(sui)之(zhi)變化(hua)(hua)，這(zhe)(zhe)樣能(neng)(neng)緩解(jie)熱量的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)積聚，從而將溫度(du)控制在(zai)一(yi)定范圍內。由于(yu)這(zhe)(zhe)類充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)不(bu)再使(shi)用(yong)恒(heng)定的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，也(ye)和過(guo)(guo)去的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)恒(heng)流充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)有明(ming)顯的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)區別使(shi)用(yong)快速(su)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)另(ling)一(yi)個問題是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，當充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時間到了(le)之(zhi)后如果忘記停止(zhi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傷害(hai)要(yao)遠大于(yu)慢速(su)恒(heng)流充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)過(guo)(guo)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)產生的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傷害(hai)。因(yin)(yin)此為(wei)了(le)解(jie)決過(guo)(guo)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)問題，快速(su)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)一(yi)般都(dou)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)了(le)比(bi)如電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓斜(xie)率判(pan)斷法(fa)等方(fang)(fang)法(fa)來(lai)(lai)判(pan)斷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)否接近(jin)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)滿(man)(man)，這(zhe)(zhe)些充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)都(dou)使(shi)用(yong)了(le)控制電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路或者(zhe)IC芯(xin)片來(lai)(lai)完成這(zhe)(zhe)一(yi)任務(wu)。當電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)接近(jin)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)滿(man)(man)時，控制電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路會自動(dong)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)入(ru)涓流充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)模(mo)式，對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)進行(xing)涓流充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。采(cai)(cai)用(yong)涓流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)進行(xing)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)好處(chu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)很明(ming)顯的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，其一(yi)如前所述，涓流充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)將電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)很滿(man)(man)，其次就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)不(bu)用(yong)擔心過(guo)(guo)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)問題，因(yin)(yin)此使(shi)用(yong)這(zhe)(zhe)類充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最大好處(chu)就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)不(bu)用(yong)再去計(ji)算時間。具體的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)使(shi)用(yong)方(fang)(fang)法(fa)可以查看(kan)各自的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)使(shi)用(yong)說明(ming)書，以防操作不(bu)當。快速(su)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)有一(yi)個分支就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)超高速(su)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)，這(zhe)(zhe)類充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)應(ying)用(yong)范圍不(bu)大，設計(ji)、結構和工藝都(dou)很復(fu)雜，因(yin)(yin)此價格相當昂貴(gui)。

　　在(zai)一些(xie)(xie)特(te)殊的(de)(de)(de)場合(he)，人(ren)們需(xu)要在(zai)很(hen)(hen)短的(de)(de)(de)時(shi)間內充好電(dian)池使(shi)用(yong)(yong)，這就需(xu)要使(shi)用(yong)(yong)超高速充電(dian)器(qi)(qi)。由(you)(you)于(yu)超高速充電(dian)器(qi)(qi)需(xu)要極大(da)的(de)(de)(de)充電(dian)電(dian)流(liu)(liu)，有些(xie)(xie)甚(shen)至使(shi)用(yong)(yong)了2C-3C的(de)(de)(de)充電(dian)電(dian)流(liu)(liu)，其發熱(re)問題尤(you)為嚴(yan)重(zhong)，僅僅采用(yong)(yong)余弦(xian)波充電(dian)還不夠，因此這類充電(dian)器(qi)(qi)很(hen)(hen)多都采用(yong)(yong)在(zai)一個余弦(xian)波后插入一個很(hen)(hen)短暫的(de)(de)(de)放電(dian)這種(zhong)方法。這種(zhong)做法可以緩解由(you)(you)于(yu)反電(dian)勢消(xiao)耗充電(dian)電(dian)流(liu)(liu)所產生的(de)(de)(de)熱(re)量(liang)積累，從而進一步控制溫度。

四、放電

　　上一(yi)篇曾(ceng)介紹了充電(dian)電(dian)池(chi)的(de)記(ji)憶(yi)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)應(ying)，我們也知道(dao)當記(ji)憶(yi)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)應(ying)逐漸累積，會使(shi)(shi)電(dian)池(chi)的(de)實際(ji)使(shi)(shi)用容量大幅下降。要(yao)減輕記(ji)憶(yi)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)應(ying)所(suo)帶來的(de)負作用，一(yi)個有效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)的(de)方法就(jiu)是放(fang)電(dian)。一(yi)般來講由于鎳鎘電(dian)池(chi)的(de)記(ji)憶(yi)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)應(ying)比較明顯，建議在反(fan)(fan)復充電(dian)使(shi)(shi)用5-10次后就(jiu)作一(yi)次放(fang)電(dian)，而鎳氫電(dian)池(chi)的(de)記(ji)憶(yi)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)應(ying)要(yao)好些，可以在反(fan)(fan)復充電(dian)使(shi)(shi)用20-30次后作一(yi)次放(fang)電(dian)。

　　在(zai)市(shi)場(chang)上(shang)(shang)銷售(shou)的(de)(de)一(yi)些高檔充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器自(zi)身帶有放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)功能，但絕大部分(fen)的(de)(de)中(zhong)低檔充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器是(shi)(shi)沒(mei)有放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)功能的(de)(de)，這(zhe)時(shi)我們(men)該怎(zen)么辦(ban)呢(ni)？在(zai)了(le)解了(le)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)原理后(hou)，我們(men)也可以自(zi)己(ji)嘗試著(zhu)對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)進行(xing)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。我們(men)已經(jing)知道，鎳(nie)鎘(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)和鎳(nie)氫電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)標稱(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)是(shi)(shi)1.2V，但實際上(shang)(shang)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)是(shi)(shi)個變化的(de)(de)值(zhi)，隨著(zhu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量是(shi)(shi)否充(chong)(chong)足，圍繞(rao)著(zhu)1. 2V左(zuo)右(you)進行(xing)波動。一(yi)般在(zai)1V-1.4V之(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)波動，不同品牌的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)由于工藝上(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)不盡相(xiang)同，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)波動范圍也不完全一(yi)致對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)進行(xing)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)采用(yong)很小(xiao)的(de)(de)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流，使電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)緩慢下降(jiang)，下降(jiang)到0.9V-1V之(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)，就(jiu)應該停止放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。不建議將電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)到0.9V之(zhi)(zhi)下，這(zhe)樣做會(hui)造(zao)成(cheng)過(guo)度放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，使電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)受到不可逆的(de)(de)傷(shang)害，上(shang)(shang)一(yi)篇曾(ceng)說過(guo)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)不適合于用(yong)在(zai)家電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)遙(yao)(yao)控器中(zhong)，就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)因(yin)為(wei)遙(yao)(yao)控器的(de)(de)使用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流很小(xiao)，長時(shi)間(jian)放(fang)在(zai)遙(yao)(yao)控器中(zhong)使用(yong)很容易(yi)造(zao)成(cheng)過(guo)度放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)經(jing)過(guo)一(yi)次(ci)正確的(de)(de)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)后(hou)，你會(hui)驚(jing)喜(xi)的(de)(de)發(fa)現電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)容量又恢復(fu)到原來的(de)(de)水平，因(yin)此(ci)當發(fa)現電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)容量有所下降(jiang)時(shi)，就(jiu)最好作一(yi)次(ci)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。

　　自己對電池做放電有個(ge)簡便的方法，就是接(jie)一個(ge)小電珠作為負載，但必須使用電表(biao)來監視電壓值(zhi)的變化，以防(fang)過度放電。

對于充電(dian)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)選(xuan)擇，究竟(jing)是選(xuan)擇快速(su)充電(dian)器(qi)(qi)還是慢(man)速(su)恒流充電(dian)器(qi)(qi)，這主(zhu)要看自(zi)己使(shi)(shi)用的(de)(de)(de)側重點(dian)。例如(ru)經(jing)常外(wai)出使(shi)(shi)用數(shu)碼相機(ji)等(deng)設備(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)朋(peng)友(you)，就(jiu)應該選(xuan)擇快速(su)充電(dian)器(qi)(qi)，以滿足時間上的(de)(de)(de)要求，甚至可(ke)以購買超(chao)高速(su)的(de)(de)(de)充電(dian)器(qi)(qi)，而只使(shi)(shi)用隨(sui)身聽等(deng)設備(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)朋(peng)友(you)，恒流充電(dian)器(qi)(qi)就(jiu)能滿足需要在(zai)掌握了(le)正確的(de)(de)(de)充放電(dian)知識(shi)后，大(da)家一定能更(geng)好地(di)使(shi)(shi)用自(zi)己的(de)(de)(de)充電(dian)電(dian)池。請大(da)家不要拘泥于快速(su)充電(dian)。

充電時間計算

**********電池容量看(kan)電池外面的標注(zhu)**************

*********充電(dian)電(dian)流(liu)看充電(dian)器上標注的輸入電(dian)流(liu)*******

1、充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)流(liu)小于等(deng)于電(dian)池容量的5％時 （慢速）

充電(dian)時間（小時）＝電(dian)池容量（mAH）×1.6÷充電(dian)電(dian)流(mA)

2、充電(dian)電(dian)流大于電(dian)池容量的(de)5％，小于等于10％時：（快速）

充電(dian)時(shi)間(jian)（小時(shi)）＝電(dian)池容量（mAH）×1.5÷充電(dian)電(dian)流(mA)

3、充電電流大于(yu)電池容量(liang)的10％，小于(yu)等(deng)于(yu)15％時：

充(chong)電(dian)(dian)時間（小時）＝電(dian)(dian)池容量(liang)（mAH）×1.3÷充(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流(mA

4、充電(dian)電(dian)流大于電(dian)池容量的15％，小于等(deng)于20％時

充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)間（小(xiao)時(shi)(shi)）＝電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)容(rong)量(liang)（mAH）×1.2÷充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(mA)

5、充電電流大(da)于電池容量的20％時：（超快(kuai)速）

充電(dian)時間（小(xiao)時）＝電(dian)池容量（mAH）×1.1÷充電(dian)電(dian)流(mA)