電(dian)池(chi)發熱有兩種情況，一(yi)種是放電(dian)發熱，另一(yi)種是充電(dian)發熱。 

　　1，放電發熱(re) 

　　放(fang)電(dian)(dian)發熱的(de)原因主要有(you)：放(fang)電(dian)(dian)過快，有(you)可能是(shi)電(dian)(dian)池容量(liang)小，放(fang)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流長(chang)時(shi)間超過0．5C。 

　　1）當電(dian)動機額定電(dian)壓值低(di)，電(dian)池容量較小，工作電(dian)流(liu)偏大時，電(dian)壓會急劇降(jiang)低(di)，容量也很快消耗，對電(dian)池最為不(bu)利(li)。 

2）電(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)電(dian)(dian)化學反(fan)應速度(du)(du)僅能夠維持行車，經常做整循(xun)環充(chong)放電(dian)(dian)，稍不注意(yi)便會超消耗。遇到迎風(feng)上坡，耗電(dian)(dian)甚大，迫使電(dian)(dian)池(chi)極板(ban)急劇反(fan)應，電(dian)(dian)池(chi)外殼的(de)熱度(du)(du)較(jiao)高，會使電(dian)(dian)池(chi)受到損傷，縮(suo)短(duan)壽(shou)命(ming)。 

　　3）比較理想的(de)(de)是(shi)電池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)電化學反應速度(du)充分地供給(gei)足(zu)夠的(de)(de)電能(neng)。電池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)外殼(ke)沒有(you)異常(chang)熱度(du)，說(shuo)明電池(chi)(chi)容(rong)量是(shi)足(zu)夠的(de)(de)。 

　　2，充電發熱 

　　充電過程中發熱(re)，可能(neng)的(de)故障原因有： 

    1）電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)自身問題(ti)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)衰(shuai)老，內阻變(bian)大，電(dian)(dian)(dian)解液(ye)干涸，內部有短(duan)路等造成發(fa)(fa)熱(re)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)隨著(zhu)使(shi)用的(de)(de)次(ci)數(shu)增加，這包括放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)和充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)中的(de)(de)水(shui)分子(zi)逐漸(jian)流(liu)失，這就是(shi)我們講的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)析(xi)氣、失水(shui)，從而導(dao)(dao)致(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)在電(dian)(dian)(dian)化學反(fan)應中發(fa)(fa)熱(re)；另外則是(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)溶液(ye)在充(chong)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)過程中形成硫酸結晶、沉淀粘糊在鉛板上，導(dao)(dao)致(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻增大而發(fa)(fa)熱(re)；這兩類問題(ti)可以(yi)通過加水(shui)、去硫去極(ji)等技(ji)術手(shou)段予以(yi)解決。如若電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)是(shi)因短(duan)跑斷格(ge)導(dao)(dao)致(zhi)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)發(fa)(fa)熱(re)，那最好更換新電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)。 

    2）充電器問題，一般的充電器沒有(you)脈沖(chong)功(gong)能(neng)，更沒有(you)負脈沖(chong)消除極(ji)化(hua)功(gong)能(neng)，這類充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器通(tong)常(chang)不(bu)(bu)能(neng)在充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)后期恒壓，以至造成電(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)壓超過允許值(zhi)，從而導(dao)致(zhi)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)大量(liang)析氣、失水、發熱。 現在市場上的普通(tong)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器，只是一昧的恒功(gong)率充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)，或是對(dui)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)內部電(dian)(dian)阻等(deng)情況不(bu)(bu)能(neng)及(ji)時檢測(ce)，檢測(ce)到了也不(bu)(bu)能(neng)做出及(ji)進(jin)的充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)調整或不(bu)(bu)能(neng)給出最佳的充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)方案，這些都是充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)過程中導(dao)致(zhi)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)發熱的原(yuan)因。 

    對(dui)于(yu)普(pu)通的(de)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)器(qi)來講，可(ke)以人為(wei)地控制(zhi)溫升（這是(shi)某(mou)電(dian)動車廠家給出的(de)方(fang)(fang)案）。方(fang)(fang)法(fa)是(shi)：在測(ce)量升高的(de)開始階(jie)段，及時(shi)斷開電(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)停(ting)止充(chong)(chong)電(dian)，溫升和極化(hua)即自行(xing)停(ting)止，但(dan)降低和消除極化(hua)需要時(shi)間(jian)。當溫度(du)降低后，再繼(ji)續充(chong)(chong)電(dian)，之后再停(ting)充(chong)(chong)，如此反復(fu)，直至充(chong)(chong)滿為(wei)止。可(ke)是(shi)這未免太過于(yu)費(fei)神了些，試問一只(zhi)普(pu)通的(de)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)器(qi)產品，其充(chong)(chong)電(dian)時(shi)間(jian)即便(bian)是(shi)對(dui)12AH的(de)小(xiao)(xiao)電(dian)池(chi)進行(xing)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)也(ye)需要8小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)以上，電(dian)動車的(de)用(yong)戶不可(ke)能為(wei)充(chong)(chong)足電(dian)而耗(hao)用(yong)8小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)來不斷重復(fu)測(ce)量電(dian)池(chi)溫度(du)、斷開電(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)、接通電(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)這些動作！因此，此方(fang)(fang)法(fa)不可(ke)取(qu)。 

    那么，要從根本上(shang)解決因充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)問題導致的電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)發(fa)(fa)熱，就須(xu)正確選(xuan)用充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)，電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)過程(cheng)是一個電(dian)(dian)化(hua)學反應過程(cheng)，在這個過程(cheng)中(zhong)，電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)若出現微(wei)量發(fa)(fa)熱情(qing)(qing)況則屬(shu)(shu)正常發(fa)(fa)熱，如若發(fa)(fa)熱異常，在電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)性能良(liang)好的情(qing)(qing)況下則屬(shu)(shu)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)原因。 

    如何選(xuan)擇(ze)充電(dian)器(qi)呢？首先，充電(dian)器(qi)須為脈(mo)沖(chong)充電(dian)器(qi)，脈(mo)沖(chong)充電(dian)器(qi)的充電(dian)方(fang)式為：充-停(ting)-充-停(ting)……這就讓電(dian)池在電(dian)化(hua)學反應時接受(shou)能力(li)更好，同時在停(ting)充的過(guo)程中，有利于電(dian)池虛高的平復。 

    其次(ci)，選用的充電(dian)器最好具(ju)備負脈沖功能(neng)，能(neng)在充電(dian)的同時(shi)對電(dian)池(chi)起到一定的維護。 

    最后，不論是普通充電器還是正負脈沖充電器，它們在充電過程中的控制問題則是重中之重，即便是正負脈沖充電器，如若充電控制不精確，那也會對電池贊成傷害，目前市場上的充電器基本上有恒功、恒壓、三段式充電器、脈沖充電器，最近又推出了充電控制技術的新理念，這種充電器借鑒了很多方面的技術，我們把它稱為模糊控制技術也不為過，介于是通用討論，那在這里，我們就用通俗一點的語言來介紹它，在介紹它之前呢，我們先看看三段式充電器，什么叫三段式？就是恒流、恒壓、恒功率的充電方式，它在充電時對電池特性的對應上有一定的合理性，但它最終無法控制電池在充電過程中發熱現象的產生，因為它的充電過程是一個三步走的常規方式，孰知市場上的電池性能各異，一種常規的充電模式對一組性能參數完全對應的電池來講，無異是最佳的充電方式，但換另一組性能有所差異的電池上，則效用便完全不同了，把電池充發熱算是輕微的，充鼓電池甚至充電時電池發生爆炸都有可能！那怎么才能做到對應每一組電池都是最佳的充電模式呢？隨著單片機應用于充電器，這個問題便逐漸得(de)到(dao)了解(jie)決，隨(sui)時(shi)檢測電(dian)池內(nei)(nei)部電(dian)壓內(nei)(nei)阻等情(qing)況、適(shi)時(shi)選擇相對應的充(chong)電(dian)模式、非固定(ding)的充(chong)電(dian)過程，這便是我們推崇的這種新的充(chong)電(dian)控制技(ji)術的基本(ben)原理！