摘要：本應(ying)用筆記簡(jian)單(dan)介紹了(le)鎳(nie)鎘(NiCd)、鎳(nie)氫(qing)(NiMH)和鋰(li)離子(Li-Ion，Li+)可充電(dian)電(dian)池,討論它們的性能，并說明在不需要微控制器(qi)的情況下如何構建單(dan)機結構，安(an)全、快速地為鎳(nie)氫(qing)和鋰(li)離子電(dian)池充電(dian)。

車載充電器摘(zhai)要：本(ben)(ben)應用筆記簡單介紹(shao)了鎳鎘(NiCd)、鎳氫(qing)(NiMH)和(he)鋰離(li)子(zi)(Li-Ion，Li+)可(ke)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)池,討論(lun)它們的(de)性能(neng)，并說明在不(bu)需要微控制(zhi)器(qi)的(de)情況下如何構建單機(ji)結構，安(an)全、快速地為鎳氫(qing)和(he)鋰離(li)子(zi)電(dian)(dian)池充(chong)電(dian)(dian)。概述(shu)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)池已經成(cheng)為當今電(dian)(dian)子(zi)產品的(de)一種標(biao)準電(dian)(dian)源，特別是便(bian)攜設備：筆記本(ben)(ben)電(dian)(dian)腦(nao)、手(shou)機(ji)、數碼(ma)相(xiang)機(ji)。盡管電(dian)(dian)源電(dian)(dian)壓在不(bu)斷降低(di)，但可(ke)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)池消耗(hao)的(de)絕對(dui)功率(lv)仍(reng)在不(bu)斷增大。功耗(hao)增長(chang)的(de)主要原(yuan)因是設備功能(neng)的(de)增強(qiang)，例如：數碼(ma)相(xiang)機(ji)與手(shou)機(ji)的(de)功能(neng)整

　　概述充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)已(yi)經(jing)成(cheng)為(wei)當今電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)產(chan)品的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)種標準電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)，特別是便攜設備(bei)：筆記(ji)本電(dian)(dian)(dian)腦(nao)、手機、數碼(ma)相(xiang)機。盡管電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓在不(bu)斷降低，但可(ke)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)消(xiao)耗(hao)(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)(de)絕對(dui)功(gong)(gong)率仍在不(bu)斷增大。功(gong)(gong)耗(hao)(hao)(hao)增長的(de)(de)(de)主要原因(yin)是設備(bei)功(gong)(gong)能的(de)(de)(de)增強，例如：數碼(ma)相(xiang)機與手機的(de)(de)(de)功(gong)(gong)能整(zheng)合，筆記(ji)本電(dian)(dian)(dian)腦(nao)更高的(de)(de)(de)運(yun)算(suan)速度(du)以及大尺寸屏幕的(de)(de)(de)需(xu)求等(deng)等(deng)。便攜設備(bei)功(gong)(gong)耗(hao)(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)(de)增大使得(de)用可(ke)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)要比(bi)標準電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)性價比(bi)更高。更為(wei)重要的(de)(de)(de)是，可(ke)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)更有利于(yu)環保(bao)。使用充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)可(ke)極大地(di)減少有害物質的(de)(de)(de)排放、材料的(de)(de)(de)消(xiao)耗(hao)(hao)(hao)、以及生產(chan)同等(deng)一(yi)次性電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)所需(xu)的(de)(de)(de)能源(yuan)。

　　本(ben)文介紹(shao)了(le)可充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)化學成分；同時說明了(le)各種充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)典型特征(zheng)和選(xuan)擇(ze)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)類型時需要重點(dian)注意的(de)事項。另外還討論了(le)在不使用微控制器或電(dian)(dian)(dian)源浪(lang)涌的(de)主(zhu)適配器的(de)情況下如(ru)何構建單機結構，安全、快速地對鎳(nie)氫和鋰離子充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)進行(xing)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)。

　　可(ke)充電(dian)電(dian)池(chi)類型20世紀80年(nian)代(dai)的(de)便攜設備(bei)，如數(shu)字無繩電(dian)話、隨身聽和(he)電(dian)動(dong)剃(ti)須刀等，主要由鎳(nie)鎘(NiCd)電(dian)池(chi)供電(dian)。到了90年(nian)代(dai)后期，鎳(nie)氫(NiMH)電(dian)池(chi)和(he)鋰離子(Li-Ion)電(dian)池(chi)逐漸進(jin)入市場并開始流行(xing)。

　　因為價格比鎳(nie)氫和(he)鋰離子電(dian)池(chi)便宜，鎳(nie)鎘(ge)(ge)電(dian)池(chi)在(zai)低端應用(yong)中十分普遍。鎳(nie)鎘(ge)(ge)電(dian)池(chi)可提供最(zui)高的放(fang)電(dian)電(dian)流，適合短時間內需要大功率輸出的應用(yong)。

　　另一(yi)(yi)方面，鎳(nie)鎘(ge)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)曾(ceng)經被所(suo)謂的記(ji)憶(yi)效應困(kun)擾(rao)(現在的鎳(nie)鎘(ge)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)很少考慮這個因素)，使(shi)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)容量降低。如果(guo)鎳(nie)鎘(ge)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)在未完(wan)全放電(dian)(dian)的情況下再(zai)充電(dian)(dian)，一(yi)(yi)些活性物(wu)質會(hui)累(lei)積并且(qie)開始結(jie)晶(在陽極有100μm的鎘(ge)累(lei)積層)，通過化學(xue)反應這層物(wu)質會(hui)自行消失(一(yi)(yi)塊全新電(dian)(dian)池(chi)的陽極大約有1微米厚度的鎘(ge)結(jie)晶)。

　　出現記憶效(xiao)應會導致電(dian)(dian)池(chi)容量越來越小(xiao)，端電(dian)(dian)壓越來越低(di)，使得(de)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)到達(da)最(zui)低(di)可用(yong)端電(dian)(dian)壓(關斷(duan)點)的(de)時(shi)間比預期的(de)早(zao)許多，如圖(tu)1所示(shi)。鎳(nie)鎘電(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)另(ling)一個缺點是(shi)它的(de)活性物質中含有(you)(you)有(you)(you)毒的(de)鎘(Cd)，早(zao)期的(de)鎳(nie)鎘電(dian)(dian)池(chi)在處理(li)時(shi)會產生和(he)成(cheng)本問題。。所以，歐洲法規2000/53/EG在2005年12月31號后銷(xiao)售(shou)鎳(nie)鎘充(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)。

　　鎳氫電池比鎳鎘電池更環保，但是價格更貴。鎳氫電池的放電電流略小，但受惰性效應的影響。惰性效應是比鎳鎘電池記憶效應稍輕的一種現象。惰性效應是由于鎳的結晶導致的。惰性效應和記憶效應一樣，導致無法完全使用可充電電池的全部容量，但都可以通過使用帶有放電功能的充電器來避免。

　　圖1.鎳鎘電池(chi)的(de)記憶效應與鎳氫電池(chi)的(de)惰(duo)性效應之間的(de)比較

　　鋰電(dian)子(zi)可充電(dian)電(dian)池價格最高(gao)，但具有足(zu)夠(gou)高(gao)的能(neng)量密度，因而可以在給定尺寸下(xia)提供更優性能(neng)，更適(shi)合小尺寸、高(gao)集成度的便(bian)攜設備(bei)。

　　表1給(gei)出了各種類型電池(chi)的主要特性。

　　表1.各種類型充(chong)電電池(chi)概述(shu)

　　MaximumDischargeCurrent>5C<3C<2C

　　室溫下。

　　C=電池容量。

　　單機鎳氫電池快速充電器雖然很多人更(geng)偏愛鋰離子電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)，鎳氫(qing)(qing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的使(shi)用依(yi)然很流行。因為鎳氫(qing)(qing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)比鋰離子電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)便宜很多，所(suo)以(yi)在MP3播放器、閃光燈(deng)配件、車(che)燈(deng)等設(she)備中(zhong)經常(chang)能看到標準(zhun)的AA和AAA鎳氫(qing)(qing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)。

　　一塊可(ke)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)鎳氫(qing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)溫(wen)度和端電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)隨著電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)逐步上(shang)升，在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)完全充(chong)(chong)滿后(hou)開始下降(圖2)。所以，鎳氫(qing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器的(de)(de)主要任務是檢測到這個突變點并中斷充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，或者從快速(su)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)切換到涓(juan)流充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。另外，在充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)過程中對溫(wen)度和電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)進行(xing)連續可(ke)以提供系統的(de)(de)安全性。

　　圖(tu)2.這些曲線顯示了NiMH充電(dian)電(dian)池充電(dian)過程中(zhong)典型的(de)電(dian)壓(頂部)和溫度(底部)隨時間的(de)變(bian)化

　　DS2711/DS2712充電器具備上(shang)述功能。另外(wai)，它們可(ke)以(yi)單機(ji)工作(zuo)，不需要(yao)微控制(zhi)器或(huo)(huo)微處理器。該系列產品是專門(men)為(wei)單節AA或(huo)(huo)AAA可(ke)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)電(dian)池(chi)設計的(de)，同時也(ye)適(shi)用于或(huo)(huo)并聯的(de)兩節電(dian)池(chi)。DS2711采(cai)用線性控制(zhi)結構(gou)，DS2712采(cai)用開關控制(zhi)結構(gou)。為(wei)了(le)最(zui)大限度地延長(chang)工作(zuo)時間、節約電(dian)池(chi)能量，這些充(chong)(chong)電(dian)器有4種(zhong)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)模式：預充(chong)(chong)電(dian)、快速(su)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)、浮(fu)充(chong)(chong)和涓流(liu)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)。在浮(fu)充(chong)(chong)模式下，電(dian)池(chi)充(chong)(chong)滿后充(chong)(chong)電(dian)速(su)率(lv)被切換到一(yi)個(ge)比較(jiao)低的(de)速(su)率(lv)(對于DS2711而(er)言是25%)。

　　簡單充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)機電(dian)(dian)路圖(tu)除功能外，DS2711/DS2712充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器還帶有內部計時(shi)(shi)(shi)器，通過(guo)連(lian)接到TMR引腳的(de)外部電(dian)(dian)阻設定最(zui)大充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)，可將(jiang)快速充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)設置在0.5到10小時(shi)(shi)(shi)。浮充(chong)(chong)(chong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)已經設定為最(zui)大充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)的(de)一半(0.25到5小時(shi)(shi)(shi))。根(gen)據所要求的(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)(TAPPROX)，由下式計算電(dian)(dian)阻值(zhi)：

　　R=1000TAPPROX/1.5

　　快(kuai)速(su)充(chong)電模(mo)式(shi)(shi)下，如果(guo)(guo)超過最大充(chong)電時(shi)間，充(chong)電器會從快(kuai)速(su)充(chong)電模(mo)式(shi)(shi)切(qie)(qie)換到浮(fu)(fu)充(chong)模(mo)式(shi)(shi)，同時(shi)復位計時(shi)器。計時(shi)器開始為浮(fu)(fu)充(chong)過程計時(shi)，如果(guo)(guo)達到預定的浮(fu)(fu)充(chong)時(shi)間，充(chong)電器將從浮(fu)(fu)充(chong)模(mo)式(shi)(shi)切(qie)(qie)換到涓流模(mo)式(shi)(shi)(圖(tu)3)。

　　圖3.該典(dian)型(xing)應用電(dian)(dian)中，DS2711電(dian)(dian)池充(chong)電(dian)(dian)器為2個的鎳(nie)氫充(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)池充(chong)電(dian)(dian)

　　VP1、VP2用(yong)(yong)于電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)，THM1、THM2配(pei)合熱敏電(dian)(dian)阻用(yong)(yong)來監測電(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)溫(wen)度。TMR(計時器)和RSNS(檢流電(dian)(dian)阻)用(yong)(yong)于設(she)(she)定充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)時間(jian)和充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流。DS2711/DS2712的(de)另外一個特性(xing)是可(ke)以檢測電(dian)(dian)池(chi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)故(gu)障和堿性(xing)原電(dian)(dian)池(chi)。如(ru)果發生(sheng)這些(xie)情況，充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器會(hui)自行關機。該特性(xing)十(shi)分重要，因為如(ru)果給堿性(xing)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)會(hui)造(zao)成電(dian)(dian)池(chi)泄漏，產生(sheng)有(you)害的(de)液體和/或氣體。有(you)毒氣體以及會(hui)與周圍材料(liao)起反(fan)應的(de)液體通(tong)常會(hui)損壞電(dian)(dian)和/或外圍設(she)(she)備。

　　如何檢(jian)測(ce)堿(jian)性(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)全新(xin)的鎳氫AA電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的典型內(nei)阻(zu)在30mΩ到100mΩ，堿(jian)性(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的內(nei)阻(zu)一般(ban)在200mΩ到300mΩ(根據充電(dian)(dian)(dian)狀(zhuang)態，最高可到700mΩ)，出現故障(zhang)的充電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)會(hui)有很高的內(nei)阻(zu)。DS2711/DS2712通(tong)過檢(jian)測(ce)到的電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(VP1和VP2)和已設定的充電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)可以計(ji)算出待充電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的內(nei)阻(zu)。

　　CTST引(yin)(yin)腳(用于電(dian)(dian)(dian)池測試(shi)、設(she)置門限)控制電(dian)(dian)(dian)池內阻(zu)的測量。VCTST是(shi)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)過程中的電(dian)(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)減(jian)去無充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)時的開(kai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(OCV)后的差(cha)值。這(zhe)個值等于充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)乘以電(dian)(dian)(dian)池內阻(zu)的乘積。如果檢測引(yin)(yin)腳(VP1、VP2和VN1)與電(dian)(dian)(dian)池沒有(you)采用Kelvin連接，引(yin)(yin)線電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)也將計入測量值，影響(xiang)VCTST。計算(suan)外(wai)部電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)RCTST的公式為：

　　RCTST=8000[V2/A]/VCTST,whereVCTST=ICharge×RCELL

　　圖4.圖3中所示充電器的充電流程

　　單機鋰離子(zi)(zi)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)快速充(chong)電(dian)(dian)器因為不需要(yao)檢(jian)測(ce)(ce)電(dian)(dian)壓變化率(lv)(dV/dt)，鋰離子(zi)(zi)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)器比(bi)鎳氫電(dian)(dian)池(chi)簡單。同(tong)時，由于鋰離子(zi)(zi)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)對(dui)過充(chong)非常，充(chong)電(dian)(dian)器需要(yao)一個精確的(de)4.2V±50mV電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)恒電(dian)(dian)流充(chong)電(dian)(dian)。至于鎳氫電(dian)(dian)池(chi)，充(chong)電(dian)(dian)器不僅需要(yao)電(dian)(dian)壓監測(ce)(ce)，還(huan)需要(yao)其它功能(neng)(溫度、計時等)。

　　單機鋰離子電池充電器MAX8601內置所謂的VBATT可控電壓源，它可以在+25°C提供4.2V±0.021V，或在40°C

　　圖5.MAX8601鋰離子電池單機(ji)充電器(qi)的典型應用電圖

　　MAX8601充電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)的主(zhu)要優點是可(ke)以(yi)通(tong)過外(wai)部適(shi)配(pei)器(qi)或(huo)USB端(duan)口給電(dian)(dian)(dian)池充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(圖6)。USB端(duan)口根據USEL引腳(jiao)的設置(zhi)可(ke)以(yi)提供(gong)(gong)100mA、500mA電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(典型USB輸出(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu))。該芯片會自動選擇外(wai)部電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(主(zhu)適(shi)配(pei)器(qi)或(huo)USB)。如果(guo)兩個(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源同時存在，它(ta)會選擇主(zhu)適(shi)配(pei)器(qi)進(jin)行充電(dian)(dian)(dian)。任何一個(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源都必(bi)須能(neng)夠提供(gong)(gong)最(zui)小4.5V的電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)。通(tong)過USB端(duan)口充電(dian)(dian)(dian)可(ke)以(yi)降低外(wai)部電(dian)(dian)(dian)源模塊(kuai)的成本，電(dian)(dian)(dian)源模塊(kuai)通(tong)常體積較大且效率(lv)較低。

　　MAX8601具有低(di)電(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)壓預充(chong)(chong)(chong)、限(xian)壓/限(xian)流快(kuai)速(su)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)和(he)浮(fu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)模式(shi)等控(kong)制(zhi)算法，優化了鋰離子(zi)電(dian)(dian)池充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)。器件還有上(shang)電(dian)(dian)復位以及電(dian)(dian)池過壓、高溫(wen)(wen)/低(di)溫(wen)(wen)檢(jian)測(ce)和(he)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)時間(jian)(jian)(jian)的連(lian)續監測(ce)功能。充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)過程中出現過壓、高溫(wen)(wen)或(huo)低(di)溫(wen)(wen)會(hui)造(zao)成(cheng)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)池的永(yong)久損壞(huai)，降低(di)電(dian)(dian)池容(rong)量和(he)使用時間(jian)(jian)(jian)，甚至使電(dian)(dian)池報廢。最壞(huai)的情(qing)況下，會(hui)造(zao)成(cheng)電(dian)(dian)池泄漏或(huo)爆炸。MAX8601確保充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)過程中不會(hui)出現上(shang)述危害，從而延(yan)長了電(dian)(dian)池使用時間(jian)(jian)(jian)，消除了潛在的情(qing)況。

　　圖6.圖5中充電(dian)器的(de)充電(dian)流程圖

　　結(jie)論DS2711/DS2712和(he)MAX8601都是單(dan)機(ji)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)，它們具有多(duo)種功能(neng)(電(dian)(dian)壓、功率、溫(wen)度、計時等)，既不需要微控制器(qi)，也不需要電(dian)(dian)源浪涌，而且提供清(qing)晰、簡單(dan)的外部切換。

　　常見問題及解答

　　什么場合不適合使用(yong)可再充電電池(chi)？

　　答：不(bu)要在諸如(ru)遙(yao)控和煙(yan)霧報警(jing)等應用(yong)(yong)中使(shi)用(yong)(yong)充電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)。因(yin)(yin)為這些應用(yong)(yong)的(de)電(dian)(dian)源要求比(bi)較低，而(er)(er)且設備不(bu)經常使(shi)用(yong)(yong)。可再充電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)比(bi)普通電(dian)(dian)池(chi)具有更高的(de)自放電(dian)(dian)率。譬(pi)如(ru)，鎳氫電(dian)(dian)池(chi)每天損失1%的(de)電(dian)(dian)量。因(yin)(yin)而(er)(er)它的(de)工作時間不(bu)太(tai)長(chang)。

　　能(neng)否(fou)給一次(ci)性(xing)電池(如堿性(xing)電池)充電？

　　答：不(bu)能(neng)(neng)給堿性(xing)電(dian)池充電(dian)。堿性(xing)電(dian)池的化學成分及(ji)構造不(bu)適合進行充電(dian)，入(ru)的能(neng)(neng)量會(hui)發熱，隨著(zhu)內(nei)部溫度的上升，電(dian)池通常會(hui)出現泄漏現象，有時可能(neng)(neng)會(hui)爆(bao)炸。電(dian)池內(nei)部的有毒物(wu)質對的影響很大(da)。

　　為什(shen)么監測(ce)充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)池的溫度十分重要？

　　答：盡(jin)管充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)化學成分及(ji)(ji)構造(zao)適合進行充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，但對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池允許的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量及(ji)(ji)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)速(su)率有所(suo)。短時間內(nei)充入過(guo)多電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量會(hui)使內(nei)部溫度升(sheng)高，同堿(jian)性(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池一樣，可能造(zao)成電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池泄漏甚至爆炸。一旦充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池充滿電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，額(e)外的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷會(hui)使電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池發(fa)熱(re)。如果不對(dui)溫度進行監測(ce)(ce)，并降低充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)速(su)率或停止(zhi)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，可能會(hui)對(dui)產(chan)生同樣的(de)(de)危害。這(zhe)就是DS2711/DS2712/MAX8601在充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)過(guo)程(cheng)中監測(ce)(ce)諸多參數的(de)(de)原因所(suo)在，這(zhe)樣將確保(bao)較長的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池使用時間以及(ji)(ji)安全的(de)(de)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)過(guo)程(cheng)。