摘要：本應用筆記簡單介(jie)紹(shao)了鎳(nie)鎘(ge)(NiCd)、鎳(nie)氫(NiMH)和(he)(he)鋰(li)離子(zi)(zi)(Li-Ion，Li+)可充電(dian)電(dian)池(chi)(chi),討論它們(men)的(de)性能，并說明在不需要微控制器的(de)情況下如(ru)何構建單機結構，安全、快速地為(wei)鎳(nie)氫和(he)(he)鋰(li)離子(zi)(zi)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)充電(dian)。

車載充電器摘要：本應用(yong)筆記簡(jian)單介(jie)紹(shao)了鎳鎘(NiCd)、鎳氫(NiMH)和(he)鋰離(li)子(zi)(Li-Ion，Li+)可充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi),討論它(ta)們的(de)(de)性能(neng)(neng)，并說明(ming)在(zai)不需(xu)要微控(kong)制器的(de)(de)情(qing)況(kuang)下如何構建(jian)單機結(jie)構，安全、快速地為鎳氫和(he)鋰離(li)子(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。概(gai)述(shu)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)已經成為當今電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)產(chan)品的(de)(de)一種標準電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)，特(te)別是(shi)便攜(xie)設備：筆記本電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)腦(nao)、手(shou)機、數碼相機。盡(jin)管電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓在(zai)不斷(duan)降低(di)，但可充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)消(xiao)耗的(de)(de)絕對功(gong)(gong)率(lv)仍在(zai)不斷(duan)增大。功(gong)(gong)耗增長(chang)的(de)(de)主要原因是(shi)設備功(gong)(gong)能(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)增強，例如：數碼相機與手(shou)機的(de)(de)功(gong)(gong)能(neng)(neng)整

　　概述(shu)充電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)池已經成為當今電(dian)(dian)子產品的(de)一種標準電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)，特別是便攜設(she)備：筆記本電(dian)(dian)腦、手機(ji)(ji)、數(shu)碼相(xiang)機(ji)(ji)。盡管電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)電(dian)(dian)壓在(zai)不斷降低，但可(ke)充電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)池消(xiao)耗的(de)絕對功(gong)(gong)率仍在(zai)不斷增(zeng)(zeng)大(da)。功(gong)(gong)耗增(zeng)(zeng)長的(de)主要原(yuan)因是設(she)備功(gong)(gong)能(neng)的(de)增(zeng)(zeng)強，例(li)如：數(shu)碼相(xiang)機(ji)(ji)與手機(ji)(ji)的(de)功(gong)(gong)能(neng)整合，筆記本電(dian)(dian)腦更高(gao)的(de)運算速度以(yi)及(ji)大(da)尺(chi)寸(cun)屏(ping)幕(mu)的(de)需求等等。便攜設(she)備功(gong)(gong)耗的(de)增(zeng)(zeng)大(da)使得用(yong)可(ke)充電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)池要比標準電(dian)(dian)池性(xing)價(jia)比更高(gao)。更為重要的(de)是，可(ke)充電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)池更有利(li)于環保。使用(yong)充電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)池可(ke)極大(da)地(di)減少有害物質的(de)排放、材料的(de)消(xiao)耗、以(yi)及(ji)生產同等一次性(xing)電(dian)(dian)池所需的(de)能(neng)源(yuan)。

　　本文介紹了(le)可(ke)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)化學(xue)成分；同時(shi)(shi)說(shuo)明了(le)各種充電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)典(dian)型(xing)特征和(he)選(xuan)擇電(dian)(dian)(dian)池類型(xing)時(shi)(shi)需要(yao)重點(dian)注意(yi)的(de)事項。另外還討論了(le)在不使(shi)用微控制器或電(dian)(dian)(dian)源浪涌的(de)主適配器的(de)情況下如何構(gou)建單機(ji)結構(gou)，安全(quan)、快速地對鎳氫(qing)和(he)鋰離子充電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池進行充電(dian)(dian)(dian)。

　　可充電(dian)電(dian)池類型20世紀(ji)80年代(dai)的便攜設備，如(ru)數字(zi)無繩(sheng)電(dian)話、隨身聽和電(dian)動剃須(xu)刀等，主要由鎳鎘(NiCd)電(dian)池供電(dian)。到了90年代(dai)后期(qi)，鎳氫(NiMH)電(dian)池和鋰離(li)子(Li-Ion)電(dian)池逐漸進入市場并開始流行(xing)。

　　因為價(jia)格比鎳(nie)(nie)氫和鋰離子電(dian)(dian)池便(bian)宜(yi)，鎳(nie)(nie)鎘電(dian)(dian)池在低(di)端應用中十分普遍(bian)。鎳(nie)(nie)鎘電(dian)(dian)池可(ke)提供最高的(de)放電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流，適合短時(shi)間內需要(yao)大功率(lv)輸出的(de)應用。

　　另(ling)一(yi)方面，鎳鎘電(dian)池(chi)曾經(jing)被所謂的(de)(de)記憶(yi)效應困(kun)擾(現在的(de)(de)鎳鎘電(dian)池(chi)很少考(kao)慮這(zhe)個因素)，使電(dian)池(chi)容量降低。如果鎳鎘電(dian)池(chi)在未完全(quan)(quan)放電(dian)的(de)(de)情況下再充電(dian)，一(yi)些活性物(wu)質會累(lei)積并且開(kai)始結(jie)晶(在陽極有100μm的(de)(de)鎘累(lei)積層)，通過化(hua)學(xue)反應這(zhe)層物(wu)質會自行消失(一(yi)塊全(quan)(quan)新電(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)陽極大約有1微米厚度的(de)(de)鎘結(jie)晶)。

　　出現記(ji)憶效應會導致電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池容量越來(lai)越小，端(duan)(duan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓越來(lai)越低，使得電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池到達最低可用端(duan)(duan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(關斷(duan)點)的(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)間比預期(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)早許(xu)多(duo)，如(ru)圖(tu)1所示(shi)。鎳鎘電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)(de)(de)另一個(ge)缺點是它的(de)(de)(de)(de)活性物(wu)質中(zhong)含(han)有有毒的(de)(de)(de)(de)鎘(Cd)，早期(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)鎳鎘電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池在(zai)處(chu)理時(shi)會產生和成本問(wen)題。。所以，歐洲法規2000/53/EG在(zai)2005年12月31號后銷售鎳鎘充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池。

　　鎳氫電池比鎳鎘電池更環保，但是價格更貴。鎳氫電池的放電電流略小，但受惰性效應的影響。惰性效應是比鎳鎘電池記憶效應稍輕的一種現象。惰性效應是由于鎳的結晶導致的。惰性效應和記憶效應一樣，導致無法完全使用可充電電池的全部容量，但都可以通過使用帶有放電功能的充電器來避免。

　　圖1.鎳鎘電(dian)池的記(ji)憶效應(ying)與鎳氫(qing)電(dian)池的惰性效應(ying)之間的比較

　　鋰電(dian)(dian)子可充電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)價格最高，但具有足夠高的能(neng)(neng)量(liang)密度(du)，因而可以(yi)在給(gei)定尺寸(cun)下提供更優性能(neng)(neng)，更適(shi)合小尺寸(cun)、高集成度(du)的便攜設(she)備。

　　表1給出了各種(zhong)類型(xing)電池(chi)的主要(yao)特(te)性。

　　表1.各(ge)種類型充電電池(chi)概述(shu)

　　MaximumDischargeCurrent>5C<3C<2C

　　室溫下。

　　C=電池容量。

　　單機鎳氫電池快速充電器雖然(ran)很(hen)多人更偏愛鋰(li)(li)離子電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)，鎳氫電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的使用(yong)依然(ran)很(hen)流行。因為(wei)鎳氫電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)比鋰(li)(li)離子電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)便宜很(hen)多，所以在MP3播放器、閃光燈配件、車燈等設備中(zhong)經(jing)常能看(kan)到標準的AA和AAA鎳氫電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)。

　　一塊可(ke)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)鎳(nie)氫電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的溫(wen)度和端電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)隨著(zhu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)逐步上升(sheng)，在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)完全(quan)充(chong)滿后(hou)開始下(xia)降(圖2)。所以，鎳(nie)氫電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)的主(zhu)要任務是檢測到這個突(tu)變點并中斷充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，或者從快速(su)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)切換到涓流充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。另(ling)外，在充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)過程中對溫(wen)度和電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)進行連續可(ke)以提供系統的安全(quan)性。

　　圖2.這些曲線顯示(shi)了(le)NiMH充電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)充電(dian)(dian)過(guo)程中典型的電(dian)(dian)壓(頂部)和溫度(底部)隨時間的變化

　　DS2711/DS2712充電器具(ju)備上述功(gong)能。另外，它們可以(yi)單機(ji)工(gong)作(zuo)，不需要微(wei)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)器(qi)或微(wei)處理器(qi)。該(gai)系列產品是專(zhuan)門為單節(jie)AA或AAA可充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)設計的，同時(shi)也適用(yong)于或并聯(lian)的兩節(jie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)。DS2711采用(yong)線(xian)性控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)結(jie)構，DS2712采用(yong)開(kai)關控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)結(jie)構。為了最(zui)大限(xian)度地延長工(gong)作(zuo)時(shi)間、節(jie)約(yue)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)能量，這些充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)有4種充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)模式(shi)：預(yu)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、快速(su)(su)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、浮充(chong)(chong)和涓流充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。在浮充(chong)(chong)模式(shi)下，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)充(chong)(chong)滿后充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)速(su)(su)率被切(qie)換到一個比較低的速(su)(su)率(對于DS2711而言是25%)。

　　簡單充電(dian)機電(dian)路圖除(chu)功能外(wai)，DS2711/DS2712充電(dian)器還(huan)帶有內部計(ji)時(shi)器，通(tong)過連接到TMR引腳的(de)(de)(de)外(wai)部電(dian)阻設定最(zui)大(da)充電(dian)時(shi)間(jian)，可(ke)將快(kuai)速充電(dian)時(shi)間(jian)設置(zhi)在0.5到10小時(shi)。浮充時(shi)間(jian)已經設定為最(zui)大(da)充電(dian)時(shi)間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)一半(0.25到5小時(shi))。根據所要求(qiu)的(de)(de)(de)充電(dian)時(shi)間(jian)(TAPPROX)，由下(xia)式計(ji)算電(dian)阻值：

　　R=1000TAPPROX/1.5

　　快速充(chong)(chong)電(dian)模(mo)式(shi)(shi)下(xia)，如果(guo)超過(guo)最大(da)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)時(shi)間(jian)，充(chong)(chong)電(dian)器(qi)會從(cong)快速充(chong)(chong)電(dian)模(mo)式(shi)(shi)切(qie)換到(dao)(dao)浮(fu)(fu)充(chong)(chong)模(mo)式(shi)(shi)，同時(shi)復位計(ji)時(shi)器(qi)。計(ji)時(shi)器(qi)開始(shi)為浮(fu)(fu)充(chong)(chong)過(guo)程計(ji)時(shi)，如果(guo)達(da)到(dao)(dao)預定的浮(fu)(fu)充(chong)(chong)時(shi)間(jian)，充(chong)(chong)電(dian)器(qi)將(jiang)從(cong)浮(fu)(fu)充(chong)(chong)模(mo)式(shi)(shi)切(qie)換到(dao)(dao)涓流模(mo)式(shi)(shi)(圖3)。

　　圖3.該典型應用電(dian)中，DS2711電(dian)池充(chong)電(dian)器(qi)為2個的鎳(nie)氫充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)池充(chong)電(dian)

　　VP1、VP2用于(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓，THM1、THM2配(pei)合熱敏電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻用來(lai)監測(ce)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池的溫度(du)。TMR(計時器)和(he)RSNS(檢(jian)流電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻)用于(yu)設定充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)時間和(he)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流。DS2711/DS2712的另外一個特性(xing)(xing)是可以檢(jian)測(ce)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)故障和(he)堿(jian)性(xing)(xing)原電(dian)(dian)(dian)池。如果(guo)發(fa)生(sheng)這些情況，充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器會自行(xing)關機(ji)。該特性(xing)(xing)十分重要，因為(wei)如果(guo)給堿(jian)性(xing)(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)會造成(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池泄漏(lou)，產(chan)生(sheng)有害的液體(ti)(ti)和(he)/或(huo)氣體(ti)(ti)。有毒氣體(ti)(ti)以及會與周圍(wei)材料起反應的液體(ti)(ti)通常會損壞電(dian)(dian)(dian)和(he)/或(huo)外圍(wei)設備。

　　如何檢測堿性(xing)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)全(quan)新的(de)鎳氫(qing)AA電(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)典型內(nei)阻(zu)(zu)在30mΩ到(dao)(dao)100mΩ，堿性(xing)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)內(nei)阻(zu)(zu)一(yi)般在200mΩ到(dao)(dao)300mΩ(根(gen)據(ju)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)狀態，最高可到(dao)(dao)700mΩ)，出現故障的(de)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)會有很高的(de)內(nei)阻(zu)(zu)。DS2711/DS2712通過檢測到(dao)(dao)的(de)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)壓(VP1和VP2)和已設定(ding)的(de)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流可以計算出待充(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)內(nei)阻(zu)(zu)。

　　CTST引腳(用(yong)于電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)測試(shi)、設置門限)控制電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)內(nei)阻(zu)的(de)(de)測量。VCTST是充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)過(guo)程(cheng)中的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)減(jian)去無充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)時的(de)(de)開電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(OCV)后的(de)(de)差值(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。這個(ge)值(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)等于充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)乘以電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)內(nei)阻(zu)的(de)(de)乘積。如果檢測引腳(VP1、VP2和VN1)與電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)沒有采用(yong)Kelvin連(lian)接，引線電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)也將計入測量值(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，影響(xiang)VCTST。計算(suan)外(wai)部電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)RCTST的(de)(de)公式為：

　　RCTST=8000[V2/A]/VCTST,whereVCTST=ICharge×RCELL

　　圖4.圖3中所示充電器的充電流程

　　單機鋰離子電池快速充(chong)電器因為不需(xu)(xu)要檢測電壓(ya)(ya)變(bian)化率(dV/dt)，鋰離子電池充(chong)電器比鎳氫(qing)電池簡單。同(tong)時(shi)，由于(yu)鋰離子電池對過(guo)充(chong)非常，充(chong)電器需(xu)(xu)要一個精確的4.2V±50mV電源(yuan)恒電流(liu)充(chong)電。至于(yu)鎳氫(qing)電池，充(chong)電器不僅需(xu)(xu)要電壓(ya)(ya)監測，還需(xu)(xu)要其(qi)它功(gong)能(溫度、計時(shi)等)。

　　單機鋰離子電池充電器MAX8601內置所謂的VBATT可控電壓源，它可以在+25°C提供4.2V±0.021V，或在40°C

　　圖(tu)5.MAX8601鋰離子電(dian)池(chi)單機(ji)充電(dian)器的典型應用電(dian)圖(tu)

　　MAX8601充(chong)(chong)電器的(de)(de)主要(yao)優(you)點是可以(yi)通(tong)(tong)過(guo)外部適(shi)配(pei)(pei)器或(huo)USB端口(kou)給電池充(chong)(chong)電(圖6)。USB端口(kou)根據USEL引腳的(de)(de)設置可以(yi)提供(gong)100mA、500mA電流(liu)(典型USB輸出(chu)電流(liu))。該芯片會(hui)自(zi)動選擇(ze)外部電源(yuan)(主適(shi)配(pei)(pei)器或(huo)USB)。如(ru)果(guo)兩個(ge)電源(yuan)同時(shi)存在，它會(hui)選擇(ze)主適(shi)配(pei)(pei)器進行充(chong)(chong)電。任何一個(ge)電源(yuan)都必須(xu)能(neng)夠提供(gong)最(zui)小4.5V的(de)(de)電壓。通(tong)(tong)過(guo)USB端口(kou)充(chong)(chong)電可以(yi)降低外部電源(yuan)模塊的(de)(de)成本(ben)，電源(yuan)模塊通(tong)(tong)常體積較大且效(xiao)率較低。

　　MAX8601具有(you)低電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)預充、限壓(ya)/限流快速充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)和(he)浮(fu)充模(mo)式(shi)等(deng)控制算(suan)法(fa)，優化了鋰離子電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。器(qi)件還有(you)上電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)復(fu)位以(yi)及(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)過(guo)壓(ya)、高溫/低溫檢測(ce)和(he)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)間的連續監測(ce)功(gong)能。充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)過(guo)程中出現過(guo)壓(ya)、高溫或低溫會(hui)造成(cheng)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的永久(jiu)損(sun)壞，降(jiang)低電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)容量和(he)使用(yong)時(shi)(shi)間，甚至使電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)報(bao)廢(fei)。最壞的情況(kuang)下，會(hui)造成(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)泄漏或爆炸。MAX8601確保充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)過(guo)程中不會(hui)出現上述危害(hai)，從而(er)延長了電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)使用(yong)時(shi)(shi)間，消除了潛在(zai)的情況(kuang)。

　　圖6.圖5中充電(dian)器的充電(dian)流程圖

　　結(jie)論DS2711/DS2712和MAX8601都(dou)是(shi)單(dan)機充電器，它們具有多(duo)種功能(電壓、功率、溫度、計時等)，既不(bu)(bu)需要微控制器，也不(bu)(bu)需要電源浪涌，而(er)且提供清(qing)晰、簡單(dan)的外部切(qie)換。

　　常見問題及解答

　　什么(me)場合不(bu)適合使(shi)用可再充電(dian)電(dian)池(chi)？

　　答(da)：不要在(zai)諸(zhu)如遙(yao)控和(he)煙霧報警等(deng)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)中(zhong)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)池。因為這(zhe)些(xie)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)的電(dian)(dian)源要求(qiu)比(bi)(bi)較低，而(er)且(qie)設(she)備不經常(chang)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)。可再充(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)池比(bi)(bi)普通(tong)電(dian)(dian)池具有更(geng)高的自放電(dian)(dian)率。譬如，鎳(nie)氫電(dian)(dian)池每天損失1%的電(dian)(dian)量。因而(er)它(ta)的工作時間不太長。

　　能否給一次性(xing)電池(如堿(jian)性(xing)電池)充電？

　　答：不能(neng)給堿(jian)性電(dian)池(chi)充(chong)電(dian)。堿(jian)性電(dian)池(chi)的化學成分及構造不適(shi)合進行(xing)充(chong)電(dian)，入的能(neng)量會發熱，隨著(zhu)內(nei)部溫度的上(shang)升，電(dian)池(chi)通常會出現泄漏現象，有時可能(neng)會爆炸。電(dian)池(chi)內(nei)部的有毒物(wu)質對的影響很大。

　　為(wei)什么監測(ce)充電電池的溫度十分重要(yao)？

　　答(da)：盡管充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)化學成分(fen)及構造適合進行(xing)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，但(dan)對電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)允許(xu)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)量及充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)速率(lv)有所(suo)。短時間(jian)內充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)入過多(duo)(duo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)量會使(shi)(shi)內部(bu)溫度升(sheng)高，同(tong)堿性電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)一樣，可能造成電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)泄(xie)漏甚至(zhi)爆(bao)炸。一旦(dan)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)滿電(dian)(dian)(dian)，額外的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)荷會使(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)發熱。如(ru)果不對溫度進行(xing)監測，并降(jiang)低充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)速率(lv)或停止充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，可能會對產生同(tong)樣的(de)(de)危(wei)害。這就是DS2711/DS2712/MAX8601在充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)過程中監測諸多(duo)(duo)參數的(de)(de)原(yuan)因(yin)所(suo)在，這樣將確保較長(chang)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)使(shi)(shi)用時間(jian)以及安全的(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)過程。