摘要：本應用筆記簡單介(jie)紹了鎳(nie)鎘(NiCd)、鎳(nie)氫(qing)(NiMH)和鋰(li)(li)離(li)子(zi)(zi)(Li-Ion，Li+)可充電電池,討論它們的(de)性(xing)能，并說明在不需要微(wei)控制器的(de)情況下如何構建單機結構，安(an)全、快速地(di)為鎳(nie)氫(qing)和鋰(li)(li)離(li)子(zi)(zi)電池充電。

車載充電器摘(zhai)要：本(ben)應用筆記簡(jian)單介(jie)紹了鎳(nie)鎘(NiCd)、鎳(nie)氫(NiMH)和(he)鋰離子(zi)(Li-Ion，Li+)可充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi),討論它(ta)們的性能(neng)(neng)，并(bing)說明在(zai)不(bu)需要微控(kong)制器的情況(kuang)下如何構(gou)建單機(ji)(ji)結構(gou)，安全、快速地(di)為鎳(nie)氫和(he)鋰離子(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。概(gai)述(shu)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)已(yi)經成為當今(jin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)產品的一種標準電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源，特別是便攜設(she)(she)備：筆記本(ben)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)腦、手機(ji)(ji)、數碼相機(ji)(ji)。盡管電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓在(zai)不(bu)斷(duan)降低，但可充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)消耗(hao)的絕對功(gong)率(lv)仍在(zai)不(bu)斷(duan)增(zeng)(zeng)大(da)。功(gong)耗(hao)增(zeng)(zeng)長的主要原因是設(she)(she)備功(gong)能(neng)(neng)的增(zeng)(zeng)強，例如：數碼相機(ji)(ji)與手機(ji)(ji)的功(gong)能(neng)(neng)整(zheng)

　　概述充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)已經成為(wei)當今(jin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)子產品的(de)一(yi)種標準電(dian)(dian)(dian)源，特別是便攜設備(bei)：筆(bi)記本電(dian)(dian)(dian)腦(nao)、手機、數碼(ma)(ma)相機。盡管電(dian)(dian)(dian)源電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)在不斷降低，但可(ke)(ke)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)消(xiao)耗(hao)的(de)絕對功(gong)(gong)率仍在不斷增大。功(gong)(gong)耗(hao)增長(chang)的(de)主要原因是設備(bei)功(gong)(gong)能(neng)(neng)的(de)增強，例如：數碼(ma)(ma)相機與手機的(de)功(gong)(gong)能(neng)(neng)整(zheng)合，筆(bi)記本電(dian)(dian)(dian)腦(nao)更(geng)高的(de)運算速度以及(ji)大尺寸屏幕的(de)需(xu)求等(deng)等(deng)。便攜設備(bei)功(gong)(gong)耗(hao)的(de)增大使得用(yong)可(ke)(ke)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)要比(bi)標準電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)性價比(bi)更(geng)高。更(geng)為(wei)重要的(de)是，可(ke)(ke)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)更(geng)有利(li)于環保(bao)。使用(yong)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)可(ke)(ke)極大地減少有害物質的(de)排放、材料(liao)的(de)消(xiao)耗(hao)、以及(ji)生產同等(deng)一(yi)次性電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)所(suo)需(xu)的(de)能(neng)(neng)源。

　　本(ben)文介紹(shao)了可充電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)的化學(xue)成(cheng)分(fen)；同(tong)時說(shuo)明了各種充電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)的典型特征和選擇(ze)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)類型時需要重點注意(yi)的事項。另外(wai)還討論了在不使用微控制器或電(dian)(dian)源浪涌的主適配器的情況下如何構建單機結構，安(an)全、快速地對鎳氫和鋰離子充電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)進行充電(dian)(dian)。

　　可充電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)池類(lei)型20世紀80年代(dai)的便攜設備，如數字無繩電(dian)(dian)話、隨身聽(ting)和(he)電(dian)(dian)動(dong)剃須刀等，主要由鎳鎘(NiCd)電(dian)(dian)池供(gong)電(dian)(dian)。到了90年代(dai)后(hou)期，鎳氫(NiMH)電(dian)(dian)池和(he)鋰離子(Li-Ion)電(dian)(dian)池逐漸進入(ru)市場并開始流行。

　　因為價格比鎳(nie)氫(qing)和(he)鋰離(li)子電(dian)(dian)(dian)池便宜，鎳(nie)鎘(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池在(zai)低端應用中十分普(pu)遍。鎳(nie)鎘(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池可提供最高(gao)的放電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流，適合短時(shi)間內需要大功率(lv)輸出的應用。

　　另(ling)一方(fang)面，鎳鎘(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)電(dian)(dian)池曾經被(bei)所謂的(de)(de)(de)(de)記憶效(xiao)應困擾(現在的(de)(de)(de)(de)鎳鎘(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)電(dian)(dian)池很(hen)少考慮這(zhe)個(ge)因素)，使電(dian)(dian)池容量降低(di)。如果鎳鎘(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)電(dian)(dian)池在未完全放電(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)情況下再充電(dian)(dian)，一些活性物(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)會(hui)累積(ji)并且開始(shi)結(jie)晶(在陽極有(you)100μm的(de)(de)(de)(de)鎘(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)累積(ji)層(ceng))，通過化(hua)學反應這(zhe)層(ceng)物(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)會(hui)自(zi)行消失(shi)(一塊全新電(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)(de)(de)陽極大約有(you)1微米厚度的(de)(de)(de)(de)鎘(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)結(jie)晶)。

　　出現(xian)記憶(yi)效應會導致電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)容量越(yue)(yue)來越(yue)(yue)小(xiao)，端(duan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓越(yue)(yue)來越(yue)(yue)低，使得電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)到達最低可用端(duan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(關斷(duan)點)的時間比預(yu)期的早許多，如圖1所示。鎳(nie)(nie)鎘電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的另(ling)一個缺點是它(ta)的活(huo)性物質中含有有毒的鎘(Cd)，早期的鎳(nie)(nie)鎘電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)在處(chu)理(li)時會產生和(he)成本問題。。所以(yi)，歐洲法規2000/53/EG在2005年12月31號后(hou)銷售鎳(nie)(nie)鎘充電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)。

　　鎳氫電池比鎳鎘電池更環保，但是價格更貴。鎳氫電池的放電電流略小，但受惰性效應的影響。惰性效應是比鎳鎘電池記憶效應稍輕的一種現象。惰性效應是由于鎳的結晶導致的。惰性效應和記憶效應一樣，導致無法完全使用可充電電池的全部容量，但都可以通過使用帶有放電功能的充電器來避免。

　　圖1.鎳鎘(ge)電(dian)池(chi)的記憶(yi)效應與(yu)鎳氫電(dian)池(chi)的惰性效應之間的比較

　　鋰(li)電(dian)子(zi)可(ke)充電(dian)電(dian)池價格最高(gao)，但具有足(zu)夠高(gao)的(de)能(neng)量密(mi)度，因而可(ke)以在給定(ding)尺寸下提供(gong)更優性能(neng)，更適合小尺寸、高(gao)集成度的(de)便攜設(she)備。

　　表1給出了各種(zhong)類型電(dian)池的(de)主(zhu)要特性。

　　表1.各種類型充電電池概(gai)述

　　MaximumDischargeCurrent>5C<3C<2C

　　室溫下。

　　C=電池容量。

　　單機鎳氫電池快速充電器雖然(ran)很多人更(geng)偏愛鋰離子電池(chi)，鎳(nie)氫(qing)電池(chi)的(de)使用依然(ran)很流行。因為鎳(nie)氫(qing)電池(chi)比鋰離子電池(chi)便宜很多，所(suo)以在MP3播(bo)放器(qi)、閃(shan)光燈(deng)配件(jian)、車(che)燈(deng)等設備中經常能看到標準的(de)AA和(he)AAA鎳(nie)氫(qing)電池(chi)。

　　一塊可充(chong)(chong)電(dian)鎳氫電(dian)池(chi)的溫(wen)度和端電(dian)壓隨(sui)著電(dian)池(chi)的充(chong)(chong)電(dian)逐(zhu)步上升，在電(dian)池(chi)完全充(chong)(chong)滿后開始(shi)下降(圖2)。所以(yi)，鎳氫電(dian)池(chi)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)器的主要任務(wu)是檢測到(dao)這個突(tu)變點(dian)并中(zhong)斷充(chong)(chong)電(dian)，或者(zhe)從(cong)快速充(chong)(chong)電(dian)切換到(dao)涓流充(chong)(chong)電(dian)。另外，在充(chong)(chong)電(dian)過程中(zhong)對溫(wen)度和電(dian)壓進行連續可以(yi)提供系統的安全性(xing)。

　　圖2.這(zhe)些曲線(xian)顯示了NiMH充電(dian)電(dian)池充電(dian)過程中典型的電(dian)壓(頂部)和溫度(底部)隨時間的變化

　　DS2711/DS2712充電器具(ju)備上述功能。另外(wai)，它們可(ke)以單機工作，不需要(yao)微(wei)控制器(qi)或微(wei)處理器(qi)。該系(xi)列產品是專門(men)為(wei)單節AA或AAA可(ke)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池設(she)計的(de)，同(tong)時也適(shi)用于或并聯的(de)兩(liang)節電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池。DS2711采用線性控制結構(gou)，DS2712采用開關控制結構(gou)。為(wei)了(le)最(zui)大限度地延長(chang)工作時間(jian)、節約電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池能量(liang)，這些(xie)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)有4種充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)模(mo)式：預充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、快速充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、浮充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)和涓流(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。在(zai)浮充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)模(mo)式下，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)滿后(hou)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)速率被(bei)切換到一個比較低的(de)速率(對于DS2711而言是25%)。

　　簡單充(chong)電(dian)機電(dian)路圖除(chu)功能外(wai)，DS2711/DS2712充(chong)電(dian)器(qi)還帶有(you)內部計時器(qi)，通過連接到(dao)(dao)TMR引腳(jiao)的外(wai)部電(dian)阻設(she)定最大充(chong)電(dian)時間(jian)，可將快速充(chong)電(dian)時間(jian)設(she)置在0.5到(dao)(dao)10小時。浮充(chong)時間(jian)已經設(she)定為最大充(chong)電(dian)時間(jian)的一半(ban)(0.25到(dao)(dao)5小時)。根據(ju)所要求的充(chong)電(dian)時間(jian)(TAPPROX)，由下式計算電(dian)阻值：

　　R=1000TAPPROX/1.5

　　快(kuai)(kuai)速(su)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)模(mo)(mo)式(shi)下，如(ru)果超(chao)過(guo)(guo)最大充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)時間，充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)器(qi)(qi)會(hui)從快(kuai)(kuai)速(su)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)模(mo)(mo)式(shi)切換到(dao)浮(fu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)模(mo)(mo)式(shi)，同時復位計時器(qi)(qi)。計時器(qi)(qi)開始為浮(fu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)過(guo)(guo)程計時，如(ru)果達到(dao)預定的(de)浮(fu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)時間，充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)器(qi)(qi)將從浮(fu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)模(mo)(mo)式(shi)切換到(dao)涓流模(mo)(mo)式(shi)(圖3)。

　　圖3.該典型應(ying)用電(dian)(dian)(dian)中，DS2711電(dian)(dian)(dian)池充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器為2個的鎳氫充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)

　　VP1、VP2用于電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)，THM1、THM2配(pei)合(he)熱(re)敏電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)用來監(jian)測(ce)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)溫度。TMR(計時器(qi))和RSNS(檢(jian)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu))用于設定充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時間(jian)和充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)。DS2711/DS2712的(de)(de)另外一個特(te)性是可以(yi)檢(jian)測(ce)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)故障和堿性原(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池。如果(guo)發(fa)生這些情(qing)況，充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)會自(zi)行(xing)關機。該特(te)性十分重要，因為如果(guo)給堿性電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)會造成電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池泄漏，產(chan)生有害(hai)的(de)(de)液(ye)體和/或氣體。有毒氣體以(yi)及會與(yu)周圍材料起(qi)反應的(de)(de)液(ye)體通常(chang)會損壞電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)和/或外圍設備。

　　如何檢測堿(jian)性電(dian)(dian)池(chi)全新的(de)鎳氫(qing)AA電(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)典型內阻(zu)在(zai)30mΩ到(dao)100mΩ，堿(jian)性電(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)內阻(zu)一般在(zai)200mΩ到(dao)300mΩ(根(gen)據(ju)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)狀態(tai)，最(zui)高(gao)可到(dao)700mΩ)，出現故障的(de)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)會有很(hen)高(gao)的(de)內阻(zu)。DS2711/DS2712通過檢測到(dao)的(de)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)壓(VP1和VP2)和已設定的(de)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流可以計算出待充(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)內阻(zu)。

　　CTST引(yin)腳(jiao)(用(yong)(yong)于電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)測(ce)(ce)(ce)試、設(she)置門限)控(kong)制電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)內阻(zu)的測(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)。VCTST是(shi)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)過程(cheng)中的電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓減去無充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流時的開電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(OCV)后的差(cha)值。這個值等于充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流乘以電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)內阻(zu)的乘積。如果檢(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)引(yin)腳(jiao)(VP1、VP2和VN1)與電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)沒有采用(yong)(yong)Kelvin連接(jie)，引(yin)線電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)也(ye)將計入測(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)值，影響VCTST。計算外部電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)RCTST的公式(shi)為：

　　RCTST=8000[V2/A]/VCTST,whereVCTST=ICharge×RCELL

　　圖4.圖3中所示充電器的充電流程

　　單機鋰離(li)(li)(li)子(zi)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)快(kuai)速充電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)因為不需要(yao)檢測電(dian)(dian)壓變化(hua)率(dV/dt)，鋰離(li)(li)(li)子(zi)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)充電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)比鎳(nie)氫(qing)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)簡單。同時(shi)，由于鋰離(li)(li)(li)子(zi)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)對過(guo)充非常，充電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)需要(yao)一個精確的(de)4.2V±50mV電(dian)(dian)源恒電(dian)(dian)流(liu)充電(dian)(dian)。至于鎳(nie)氫(qing)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)，充電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)不僅(jin)需要(yao)電(dian)(dian)壓監(jian)測，還需要(yao)其(qi)它功能(溫度、計時(shi)等(deng))。

　　單機鋰離子電池充電器MAX8601內置所謂的VBATT可控電壓源，它可以在+25°C提供4.2V±0.021V，或在40°C

　　圖5.MAX8601鋰離子電池單機(ji)充電器的典型應用電圖

　　MAX8601充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)的主要優點是可以通過外(wai)(wai)部(bu)適配器(qi)或(huo)USB端口給電(dian)(dian)池充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(圖6)。USB端口根(gen)據USEL引腳的設置可以提供(gong)100mA、500mA電(dian)(dian)流(典(dian)型USB輸出(chu)電(dian)(dian)流)。該芯片會自動選擇(ze)外(wai)(wai)部(bu)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(主適配器(qi)或(huo)USB)。如果兩個(ge)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)同(tong)時存(cun)在，它會選擇(ze)主適配器(qi)進行充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)。任何一個(ge)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)都必須能夠提供(gong)最小4.5V的電(dian)(dian)壓。通過USB端口充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)可以降低外(wai)(wai)部(bu)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)模塊的成本，電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)模塊通常(chang)體積較大且效率(lv)較低。

　　MAX8601具有低(di)(di)電池(chi)電壓預充(chong)、限(xian)壓/限(xian)流快速(su)充(chong)電和(he)浮充(chong)模式等控制算法(fa)，優化(hua)了鋰離子電池(chi)充(chong)電。器件還(huan)有上電復(fu)位以及電池(chi)過(guo)壓、高溫(wen)/低(di)(di)溫(wen)檢(jian)測和(he)充(chong)電時間(jian)的連續(xu)監測功能。充(chong)電過(guo)程(cheng)中出現(xian)過(guo)壓、高溫(wen)或(huo)低(di)(di)溫(wen)會造成充(chong)電電池(chi)的永久損壞，降(jiang)低(di)(di)電池(chi)容量(liang)和(he)使(shi)用(yong)時間(jian)，甚至使(shi)電池(chi)報(bao)廢。最壞的情況下，會造成電池(chi)泄漏或(huo)爆炸。MAX8601確保充(chong)電過(guo)程(cheng)中不會出現(xian)上述危害(hai)，從而延長(chang)了電池(chi)使(shi)用(yong)時間(jian)，消除了潛在的情況。

　　圖(tu)6.圖(tu)5中充電器的充電流程圖(tu)

　　結論DS2711/DS2712和MAX8601都(dou)是(shi)單機(ji)充電器，它們(men)具有(you)多種功能(電壓、功率、溫(wen)度、計時等)，既不需要(yao)微控制器，也不需要(yao)電源浪涌(yong)，而且(qie)提供清晰、簡單的(de)外部(bu)切換。

　　常見問題及解答

　　什么場合不適合使(shi)用可(ke)再充電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)池？

　　答：不(bu)(bu)(bu)要(yao)在(zai)諸如(ru)遙控和煙霧報警等應(ying)用(yong)中使用(yong)充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)池。因(yin)為(wei)這些應(ying)用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)源要(yao)求比較低(di)，而且設備不(bu)(bu)(bu)經常使用(yong)。可再充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)池比普(pu)通電(dian)池具有(you)更高的(de)(de)(de)自放電(dian)率(lv)。譬如(ru)，鎳(nie)氫(qing)電(dian)池每天(tian)損失1%的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)量。因(yin)而它(ta)的(de)(de)(de)工作時間(jian)不(bu)(bu)(bu)太長。

　　能(neng)否給一次性電池(如堿性電池)充電？

　　答：不能給堿(jian)性(xing)電(dian)池充電(dian)。堿(jian)性(xing)電(dian)池的化(hua)學(xue)成分及(ji)構造不適合進行充電(dian)，入的能量會發(fa)熱，隨著內部溫(wen)度的上升，電(dian)池通常會出現泄漏現象，有(you)時可能會爆炸。電(dian)池內部的有(you)毒物質對的影響很大(da)。

　　為什(shen)么監測充電電池(chi)的溫度十分重要？

　　答：盡管充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)池的化學成(cheng)分及(ji)構造適合進(jin)行充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)，但(dan)對電(dian)(dian)池允許的電(dian)(dian)量(liang)及(ji)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)速率有所。短(duan)時間內充(chong)(chong)入(ru)過(guo)(guo)多電(dian)(dian)量(liang)會使(shi)內部溫度(du)升高(gao)，同(tong)堿性電(dian)(dian)池一樣(yang)，可(ke)能(neng)造成(cheng)電(dian)(dian)池泄(xie)漏甚至爆炸。一旦充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)池充(chong)(chong)滿電(dian)(dian)，額外的電(dian)(dian)荷(he)會使(shi)電(dian)(dian)池發熱。如果不對溫度(du)進(jin)行監測(ce)，并降低充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)速率或停止(zhi)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)，可(ke)能(neng)會對產生同(tong)樣(yang)的危害(hai)。這就是DS2711/DS2712/MAX8601在充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)監測(ce)諸多參數的原因所在，這樣(yang)將確保較長的電(dian)(dian)池使(shi)用時間以及(ji)安全的充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)。