聚合物鋰離子電池使用注意事項
一(yi)、電芯操作注(zhu)(zhu),他說:想發財就去萬通商聯找優質(zhi)表(biao)帶供(gong)貨(huo)商!注(zhu)(zhu)意(yi)事項
由(you)于(yu)電(dian)芯屬于(yu)軟包裝,為保證(zheng)電(dian)芯的性能不受損害,必須小(xiao)心對電(dian)芯進行(xing)操作(zuo)。
1.鋁箔(bo)包裝材料
鋁(lv)箔包裝(zhuang)材料易被尖銳部件刺(ci)損,諸如鎳片、尖針(zhen)。
禁(jin)止(zhi)用尖(jian)銳部件碰撞電池(chi)
應(ying)清(qing)潔工(gong)作環境,避免有尖銳部件(jian)存在
禁止用釘子及其(qi)它(ta)利器(qi)刺穿電池
禁止將電池與金屬物,如(ru)項鏈(lian)、發夾等一起運(yun)輸或貯(zhu)存
2.頂封(feng)邊
頂封邊(bian)非(fei)常容(rong)易受到(dao)損害
禁止彎折頂(ding)封邊(bian)
3.折邊(bian)
折邊在(zai)電池生(sheng)產過(guo)程中已完成(cheng),并(bing)通過(guo)了密封測試。
禁止打開或破壞折(zhe)邊 4.極耳
極耳(er)的機械強度并非異常堅固,特別是鋁片。
禁止彎折(zhe)極耳
5.機(ji)械(xie)撞(zhuang)擊
禁止墜(zhui)落、沖擊、彎(wan)折電芯(xin)
禁止(zhi)用(yong)錘(chui)子敲擊(ji)或踩踏電池
禁止(zhi)敲擊或拋擲電池。
6.短路
任何時(shi)候禁止短(duan)路電芯(xin),它會導致電芯(xin)嚴重損壞
禁(jin)止用金屬物如電(dian)線短路連接電(dian)池正負極
二、聚合物鋰離子電池測(ce)試(shi)標準環(huan)境
環境溫度: 20±5℃
相對濕度: 45~85%
在測試前電池都要先(xian)放完電
三、聚合物鋰離(li)子電(dian)范充(chong)放電(dian)注意事項
1.充電
充(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流及充(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)壓不得超(chao)過(guo)(guo)以下(xia)標準,如超(chao)過(guo)(guo)規定值可能(neng)會對電(dian)(dian)芯的充(chong)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)性能(neng)、機(ji)械性能(neng)及安全(quan)性造(zao)成(cheng)造(zao)成(cheng)損壞,進可能(neng)導致(zhi)發熱及泄漏(lou)。
電池充電器必須能(neng)恒(heng)流恒(heng)壓充電;
充(chong)電(dian)時(shi)的單體電(dian)池充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)流必須在1C5A以下(xia);
充電(dian)時溫度范圍在0~+45℃;
充電時電壓不能超過4.23V。
2.放電
放電(dian)電(dian)流(liu)不得超(chao)過以(yi)下標準(zhun),放電(dian)必須在本標準(zhun)范圍內進行(xing)。
單體(ti)電池放電電流(liu)必(bi)須小(xiao)于2C5A;
放電時(shi)溫度范圍(wei)在-20~+60℃;
單體電池放電終止電壓不小于2.75V。
3.過(guo)放(fang)電
需要(yao)注意的是(shi),在電芯長(chang)期未使用期間(jian),它(ta)可能會用其自放電特性而處于(yu)某種過放電狀態。為防止過放電的發生不能過放電使單體電池低于(yu)2.5V。
4.具體(ti)應用(yong)時要(yao)求加合格保護電路板(ban)。
四、聚合物鋰離子電池貯(zhu)存
電池(chi)長期貯存的環境為:溫度-20~+35℃
相對濕度(du) 45~75%
電(dian)池貯(zhu)存期(qi)近一年時(shi)要用標準(zhun)充電(dian)方式給(gei)電(dian)池充電(dian)10%~50%。
五、聚合物鋰離子(zi)電池運輸
電池(chi)應在10%~50%的充電狀態下運輸。
六、聚合物鋰離子電池其它(ta)使用說(shuo)明
1.為(wei)了(le)防止電池可能發(fa)生泄(xie)漏、發(fa)熱、爆炸,請(qing)注意(yi)以下預防措施:
禁止在任(ren)何(he)情況下(xia)拆卸電芯。
禁止將電池(chi)浸入(ru)水中(zhong)或海水中(zhong),不(bu)能(neng)受潮。
禁止在(zai)熱(re)源旁(pang),如(ru)火(huo)、加熱(re)器等,使用(yong)或放置(zhi)電池。
禁止(zhi)將電池加熱或丟(diu)入(ru)火中(zhong)。
禁止直接焊接電池(chi)。
禁止在(zai)火邊或很熱(re)的環境中充電。
&n,他說:想發財(cai)就去萬通商(shang)聯找優質表帶供(gong)貨商(shang)!nbsp; 禁止將電(dian)池放(fang)入微波爐或高壓容器內。
禁止在(zai)高溫下(如強陽(yang)光或很熱的汽車中)使用或放置電(dian)池,否則會引(yin)起(qi)過熱、起(qi)火(huo)或者功(gong)能(neng)衰退、壽命(ming)減小。
2.聚(ju)合物鋰離子(zi)電(dian)池(chi)理論(lun)上(shang)不存在(zai)流動的電(dian)解液(ye),但萬(wan)一有電(dian)解液(ye)泄漏而接觸到(dao)皮膚(fu)、眼睛或身體其它部位,應立即用清(qing)水沖冼電(dian)解液(ye)并就醫。
3.禁(jin)止使用已損(sun)壞(huai)的電(dian)(dian)芯(xin)(電(dian)(dian)芯(xin)塑(su)料(liao)封邊損(sun)壞(huai),外殼破損(sun),聞到電(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)液(ye)氣體(ti),電(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)液(ye)泄(xie)漏等)。
如有電(dian)解液泄漏或散(san)發電(dian)解液氣味的(de)電(dian)池應遠離火(huo)源以避(bi)免著火(huo)或爆炸。
鋰電池保(bao)護電路綜述
鋰離子電池保護(hu)電(dian)路包括過(guo)(guo)度充電(dian)保護(hu)、過(guo)(guo)電(dian)流/短路保護(hu)和過(guo)(guo)放電(dian)保護(hu),要求過(guo)(guo)充電(dian)保護(hu)高(gao)精密度、保護(hu)IC功(gong)耗低、高(gao)耐壓以及零伏可充電(dian)等特(te)性。本(ben)文詳細(xi)介(jie)紹(shao)了這(zhe)三(san)種保護(hu)電(dian)路的(de)原理、新(xin)功(gong)能和特(te)性要求。
近年來,PDA、數(shu)字相機(ji)、手機(ji)、可攜式音(yin)訊(xun)設備和藍芽設備等(deng)越(yue)來越(yue)多的產品采(cai)用(yong)鋰(li)電池作為主要(yao)電源(yuan)。鋰(li)電池具(ju)有體積(ji)小、能量密度高(gao)、無記憶效應、循環壽命高(gao)、高(gao)電壓電池和自放電率低(di)等(deng)優點(dian),與鎳(nie)(nie)鎘、鎳(nie)(nie)氫電池不太一樣,鋰(li)電池必須考慮充(chong)電、放電時的安全性(xing)(xing),以(yi)防止特性(xing)(xing)劣化(hua)。針對鋰(li)電池的過(guo)充(chong)、過(guo)度放電、過(guo)電流及短路(lu)保護(hu)很重(zhong)要(yao),所(suo)以(yi)通常都會在電池包(bao)內(nei)設計保護(hu)線路(lu)用(yong)以(yi)保護(hu)鋰(li)電池。
由于(yu)鋰離子電(dian)池(chi)能(neng)量密度高(gao),因(yin)此難以確保電(dian)池(chi)的安全(quan)性(xing)。在過度充(chong)電(dian)狀態下,電(dian)池(chi)溫度上升后能(neng)量將過剩,于(yu)是(shi)電(dian)解(jie)(jie)液分解(jie)(jie)而產(chan)生氣體(ti),因(yin)內壓上升而產(chan)生自燃或破(po)裂的危險;反(fan)之(zhi),在過度放(fang)電(dian)狀態下,電(dian)解(jie)(jie)液因(yin)分解(jie)(jie)導致電(dian)池(chi)特性(xing)及(ji)耐(nai)久性(xing)劣化,因(yin)而降低可充(chong)電(dian)次數。
鋰離子電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)保(bao)護(hu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)就(jiu)是要確保(bao)這樣的(de)過(guo)度(du)(du)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)及(ji)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)狀態時的(de)安全性,并防止特性劣化。鋰離子電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)保(bao)護(hu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)是由保(bao)護(hu)IC及(ji)兩顆功(gong)率(lv)MOSFET所(suo)構成(cheng),其中保(bao)護(hu)IC監視電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓,當有過(guo)度(du)(du)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)及(ji)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)狀態時切換(huan)到(dao)以外掛(gua)的(de)功(gong)率(lv)MOSFET來保(bao)護(hu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi),保(bao)護(hu)IC的(de)功(gong)能(neng)有過(guo)度(du)(du)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)保(bao)護(hu)、過(guo)度(du)(du)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)保(bao)護(hu)和過(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流/短路(lu)保(bao)護(hu)。
一、過(guo)度充(chong)電(dian)保(bao)護(hu)
過(guo)(guo)度(du)充(chong)電(dian)保(bao)護IC的原理(li)為:當(dang)外部(bu)充(chong)電(dian)器對鋰電(dian)池充(chong)電(dian)時,為防止因溫(wen)度(du)上升(sheng)所導致的內壓上升(sheng),需(xu)終(zhong)止充(chong)電(dian)狀態。此時,保(bao)護IC需(xu)檢測電(dian)池電(dian)壓,當(dang)到(dao)達4.25V時(假設電(dian)池過(guo)(guo)充(chong)點為4.25V)即(ji)激活過(guo)(guo)度(du)充(chong)電(dian)保(bao)護,將(jiang)功率(lv)MOSFET由開(kai)轉為切(qie)斷,進而(er)截(jie)止充(chong)電(dian)。
另外,還必須(xu)注意因噪(zao)音所產生的(de)(de)過(guo)(guo)度(du)充電檢出(chu)誤動作,以免判定為過(guo)(guo)充保(bao)護。因此,需要(yao)設定延遲時間(jian),并且延遲時間(jian)不能短于噪(zao)音的(de)(de)持(chi)續時間(jian)。
二、過度放電保(bao)護(hu)
在過(guo)度放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)的情況(kuang)下,電(dian)(dian)解液(ye)因(yin)分解而導致(zhi)電(dian)(dian)池特(te)性劣化,并(bing)造(zao)成(cheng)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)次數的降(jiang)低(di)。采用鋰電(dian)(dian)池保護(hu)IC可以避免過(guo)度放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)現(xian)(xian)象產生,實現(xian)(xian)電(dian)(dian)池保護(hu)功能。
過(guo)度(du)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)IC原(yuan)理:為(wei)(wei)了防止鋰(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的過(guo)度(du)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)狀(zhuang)態,假(jia)(jia)設鋰(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)接上負載,當鋰(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)壓低于其(qi)過(guo)度(du)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)壓檢(jian)測點(假(jia)(jia)定(ding)為(wei)(wei)2.3V)時(shi)將(jiang)激活過(guo)度(du)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu),使(shi)功率MOSFET由開轉變為(wei)(wei)切斷而截(jie)止放(fang)電(dian)(dian),以避免(mian)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)過(guo)度(du)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)現象(xiang)產生,并將(jiang)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)保(bao)(bao)(bao)持在低靜態電(dian)(dian)流(liu)的待機模式(shi),此時(shi)的電(dian)(dian)流(liu)僅(jin)0.1μA。
當鋰電(dian)(dian)池(chi)接上充電(dian)(dian)器,且(qie)此時(shi)鋰電(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)高于過度放電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)時(shi),過度放電(dian)(dian)保(bao)護功能方可(ke)解(jie)除。另外,考慮(lv)到脈(mo)沖放電(dian)(dian)的情況(kuang),過放電(dian)(dian)檢測電(dian)(dian)路設有延(yan)遲時(shi)間以避(bi)免產生誤動(dong)作。
三、過電(dian)流及短路電(dian)流
因為不明原因(放(fang)電時(shi)或(huo)正負極遭金屬物誤觸(chu))造(zao)成過電流或(huo)短路(lu),為確(que)保安全,必須使其立即(ji)停止放(fang)電。
過(guo)電(dian)流(liu)(liu)保(bao)護IC原理(li)為(wei),當(dang)放電(dian)電(dian)流(liu)(liu)過(guo)大或短路情況產生時,保(bao)護IC將激活(huo)過(guo)(短路)電(dian)流(liu)(liu)保(bao)護,此時過(guo)電(dian)流(liu)(liu)的(de)檢測是(shi)將功率MOSFET的(de)Rds(on) 當(dang)成感應阻(zu)抗(kang)用以(yi)監測其電(dian)壓的(de)下降情形(xing),如果比所(suo)定的(de)過(guo)電(dian)流(liu)(liu)檢測電(dian)壓還高則停止(zhi)放電(dian),運算公式為(wei):
V- = I × Rds(on) × 2(V- 為過電(dian)流(liu)檢測電(dian)壓,I 為放電(dian)電(dian)流(liu))
假(jia)設 V- = 0.2V,Rds(on) = 25mΩ,則保(bao)護(hu)電流的大小(xiao)為 I = 4A
同樣(yang)地,過電流(liu)檢測也必須設有延遲時間以防有突發電流(liu)流(liu)入(ru)時產生誤動作。
通常在過電流(liu)產生后,若能(neng)去除過電流(liu)因素(su)(例如馬上與(yu)負載(zai)脫離),將會恢復其正常狀態(tai),可以再進行正常的充放電動作。
四、鋰電池保(bao)護IC的(de)新功能
除了上述的鋰電池保(bao)護(hu)IC功能之(zhi)外,下面這些新的功能同樣值(zhi)得關注:
1.充電(dian)時的過電(dian)流保護
當連接(jie)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器進行(xing)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)時突(tu)然產生過(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(如充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器損壞),電(dian)(dian)(dian)路立即進行(xing)過(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流檢測,此時Cout將由(you)高轉為(wei)低,功率(lv)MOSFET由(you)開轉為(wei)切斷,實現(xian)保護功能(neng)。
V- = I × Rds(on) × 2
(I 是(shi)充電(dian)電(dian)流;Vdet4,過電(dian)流檢測電(dian)壓(ya),Vdet4 為 -0.1V)
2.過度充電時(shi)的鎖定模式
通(tong)常(chang)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)IC在過(guo)度充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)時(shi)(shi)將(jiang)經過(guo)一(yi)段延遲(chi)時(shi)(shi)間,然后就會(hui)將(jiang)功率(lv)MOSFET切斷以達到(dao)(dao)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)的(de)(de)目的(de)(de),當鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)一(yi)直(zhi)下降到(dao)(dao)解(jie)除點(過(guo)度充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)滯后電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya))時(shi)(shi)就會(hui)恢(hui)復(fu),此時(shi)(shi)又會(hui)繼(ji)續充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)→保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)→放電(dian)(dian)(dian)→充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)→放電(dian)(dian)(dian)。這種(zhong)狀(zhuang)態(tai)的(de)(de)安(an)全性問題(ti)將(jiang)無(wu)法獲得有效解(jie)決,鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)將(jiang)一(yi)直(zhi)重復(fu)著(zhu)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)→放電(dian)(dian)(dian)→充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)→放電(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)動作,功率(lv)MOSFET的(de)(de)柵(zha)極(ji)將(jiang)反(fan)復(fu)地處于高低電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)交替狀(zhuang)態(tai),這樣可能會(hui)使MOSFET變(bian)熱(re),還會(hui)降低電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)壽命,因此鎖定模(mo)式(shi)很(hen)重要。假如鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路在檢(jian)測(ce)到(dao)(dao)過(guo)度充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)時(shi)(shi)有鎖定模(mo)式(shi),MOSFET將(jiang)不會(hui)變(bian)熱(re),且(qie)安(an)全性相(xiang)對提高很(hen)多。
在(zai)(zai)過(guo)度(du)充電(dian)保護之后,只要充電(dian)器(qi)連(lian)接在(zai)(zai)電(dian)池包(bao)上,此時將(jiang)(jiang)進入過(guo)充鎖定(ding)模式。此時,即使鋰電(dian)池電(dian)壓(ya)下(xia)降也(ye)不會產生再充電(dian)的(de)情形,將(jiang)(jiang)充電(dian)器(qi)移(yi)除并連(lian)接負載即可(ke)恢復充放電(dian)的(de)狀態(tai)。
3.減少保護電路組件(jian)尺寸
將過度充電和短(duan)路保護(hu)用(yong)的延遲電容器(qi)整(zheng)合在到保護(hu)IC里面,以減少(shao)保護(hu)電路組件尺(chi)寸。
五、對保(bao)護IC性(xing),他說(shuo):想(xiang)發財就去萬通商(shang)聯(lian)找優(you)質(zhi)鉸(jiao)鏈供貨商(shang)!性(xing)能的(de)要(yao)求
1.過度充電保護的高(gao)精密度化
當鋰離子電(dian)(dian)(dian)池有過(guo)度充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)態(tai)時(shi)(shi)(shi),為防止因溫度上(shang)升(sheng)所導(dao)致的(de)(de)內壓上(shang)升(sheng),須截(jie)止充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)態(tai)。保護IC將(jiang)檢(jian)測(ce)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓,當檢(jian)測(ce)到(dao)(dao)過(guo)度充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)(shi),則過(guo)度充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)檢(jian)測(ce)的(de)(de)功率MOSFET使(shi)之(zhi)切(qie)斷而截(jie)止充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)。此(ci)時(shi)(shi)(shi)應注意的(de)(de)是過(guo)度充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)檢(jian)測(ce)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓的(de)(de)高(gao)精密度化,在電(dian)(dian)(dian)池充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)(shi),使(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)到(dao)(dao)飽(bao)滿的(de)(de)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)態(tai)是使(shi)用(yong)者(zhe)很關心的(de)(de)問題,同時(shi)(shi)(shi)兼顧到(dao)(dao)安全性(xing)問題,因此(ci)需要在達到(dao)(dao)容許電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓時(shi)(shi)(shi)截(jie)止充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)態(tai)。要同時(shi)(shi)(shi)符(fu)合這兩個條(tiao)件,必須有高(gao)精密度的(de)(de)檢(jian)測(ce)器(qi),目前(qian)檢(jian)測(ce)器(qi)的(de)(de)精密度為25mV,該(gai)精密度將(jiang)有待于進一步提高(gao)。
2.降低(di)保護IC的(de)耗電
隨(sui)著使(shi)(shi)用時間的增加,已充過電的鋰離子電池(chi)電壓會逐漸(jian)降(jiang)低(di)(di),最后低(di)(di)到規格標(biao)準值以下,此時就(jiu)需要再(zai)度(du)充電。若未充電而(er)繼續(xu)使(shi)(shi)用,可能造成由于過度(du)放電而(er)使(shi)(shi)電池(chi)不能繼續(xu)使(shi)(shi)用。為防止過度(du)放電,保護(hu)IC必須(xu)檢(jian)(jian)測(ce)電池(chi)電壓,一旦達(da)到過度(du)放電檢(jian)(jian)測(ce)電壓以下,就(jiu)得使(shi)(shi)放電一方的功(gong)率MOSFET切斷而(er)截止放電。但(dan)此時電池(chi)本身仍有自然放電及保護(hu)IC的消耗(hao)電流存在,因此需要使(shi)(shi)保護(hu)IC消耗(hao)的電流降(jiang)到最低(di)(di)程度(du)。
3.過電(dian)流/短路(lu)保(bao)護需有低檢測電(dian)壓及高精密度的(de)要求(qiu)
因(yin)(yin)不(bu)明原因(yin)(yin)導致(zhi)短路(lu)時(shi)(shi)必須立即(ji)(ji)停(ting)止放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。過(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)的(de)檢(jian)測是以功率MOSFET的(de)Rds(on)為感應(ying)阻抗(kang),以監視(shi)其電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)的(de)下降,此時(shi)(shi)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)若比過(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)檢(jian)測電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)還高時(shi)(shi)即(ji)(ji)停(ting)止放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。為了使功率MOSFET的(de)Rds(on)在充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)與放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)時(shi)(shi)有(you)效(xiao)應(ying)用,需使該阻抗(kang)值盡(jin)量低(di),目前該阻抗(kang)約(yue)為20mΩ~30mΩ,這樣過(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)檢(jian)測電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)就(jiu)可較低(di)。
4.耐高(gao)電壓
電(dian)池包與充電(dian)器(qi)連接時瞬間(jian)會有高(gao)壓產(chan)生,因此保(bao)護IC應(ying)滿足(zu)耐高(gao)壓的要求。
5.低電(dian)池功(gong)耗
在保護(hu)狀態時(shi),其靜態耗(hao)電流必須要小0.1μA。
6.零伏(fu)可充電
有(you)些(xie)電(dian)池在存放的(de)過程(cheng)中可(ke)能因為放太久或不正常(chang)的(de)原因導致電(dian)壓低到0V,故保護IC需要在0V時也(ye)可(ke)以(yi)實(shi)現充電(dian)。
六、保護(hu)IC發展展望
如前(qian)所(suo)述,未(wei)來保護(hu)IC將(jiang)(jiang)進一步(bu)提高(gao)檢測(ce)電壓(ya)的(de)精密度、降低保護(hu)IC的(de)耗電流(liu)和提高(gao)誤動作防止功能等,同時充電器連接(jie)端子的(de)高(gao)耐壓(ya)也是研發的(de)重點(dian)。 在(zai)封(feng)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)方面,目前(qian)已由SOT23-6逐漸轉向SON6封(feng)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang),將(jiang)(jiang)來還有(you)CSP封(feng)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang),甚(shen)至出現COB產品用以滿足(zu)現在(zai)所(suo)強調的(de)輕薄短小(xiao)要求。
在(zai)功(gong)能(neng)方面,保護(hu)IC不(bu)需要整合(he)所有的功(gong)能(neng),可(ke)根據不(bu)同的鋰電池材料開(kai)發(fa)出(chu)單一保護(hu)IC,如只有過充保護(hu)或(huo)過放保護(hu)功(gong)能(neng),這樣可(ke)以大幅減少(shao)成本(ben)及(ji)尺寸。
當然,功能組件單(dan)晶體化(hua)是不變的(de)(de)目標,如目前手機(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)商(shang)都(dou)朝向將(jiang)(jiang)保護IC、充電電路以(yi)及電源管理IC等周邊(bian)電路與(yu)(yu)邏輯IC構成(cheng)雙芯(xin)片的(de)(de)芯(xin)片組,但(dan)目前要使功率(lv)MOSFET的(de)(de)開路阻(zu)抗(kang)降低,難以(yi)與(yu)(yu)其(qi)它IC整(zheng)合,即使以(yi)特殊技術制(zhi)(zhi)成(cheng)單(dan)芯(xin)片,恐怕成(cheng)本將(jiang)(jiang)會過高。因此,保護IC的(de)(de)單(dan)晶體化(hua)將(jiang)(jiang)需一段時(shi)間來解決。
