電動自行車（以下簡稱“EB”）產業的興起，對充電器提出了高要求。目前EB所配置的充電器，多(duo)屬(shu)于傳統的(de)三(san)段式(shi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)器，三(san)段式(shi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)器的(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)模式(shi)是將(jiang)(jiang)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)過程分為恒(heng)流(liu)、恒(heng)壓、浮(fu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)三(san)個充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)階段，以我國EB采用較多(duo)的(de)36V12Ah鉛酸蓄電(dian)池(chi)(chi)組為例(li)，第一階段以1.8A的(de)恒(heng)定電(dian)流(liu)將(jiang)(jiang)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)到(dao)約44.4V；第二階段將(jiang)(jiang)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)電(dian)流(liu)減(jian)小至約0.3A，再(zai)次將(jiang)(jiang)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)電(dian)壓充(chong)(chong)(chong)到(dao)44.4V；第三(san)階段將(jiang)(jiang)電(dian)壓降至約41.4V，電(dian)流(liu)減(jian)至約50MA對電(dian)池(chi)(chi)進行浮(fu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)。

　　從幾年來的使用情況看，三段式充電器暴露了(le)一些問題。以(yi)(yi)下仍以(yi)(yi)36V12Ah鉛酸蓄電(dian)池(chi)組為例(li)，談談三段式充電(dian)器的缺陷和(he)解決(jue)方案(an)。

　　三(san)段式充(chong)電器忽略了(le)電池的負溫度(du)特性

　　三段式充電(dian)器充電(dian)參(can)數的設定除受所配電(dian)池單體(ti)極(ji)板面積(ji)大小、電(dian)極(ji)特(te)性、電(dian)解液密(mi)度等因素(su)影(ying)響外，還受蓄電(dian)池的環(huan)境溫度的影(ying)響。

　　雖然一(yi)直以(yi)來，人們(men)都(dou)明白電化學的溫度效應是(shi)不(bu)能回(hui)避的，但(dan)卻在充電器問題上忽略(lve)了。原因可以(yi)有(you)很多，但(dan)特別應在此指(zhi)出的是(shi)：過去人們(men)對(dui)蓄(xu)電池(chi)容量、壽命與(yu)溫度之間關(guan)系的感觸(chu)和認識從來沒(mei)有(you)象今天這(zhe)樣直接和具體，須知(zhi)，這(zhe)是(shi)千萬個(ge)EB用戶參與(yu)了“實驗”的結果。

　　在(zai)我國幾(ji)乎(hu)所有的(de)地區，使用無溫度(du)補償的(de)充(chong)電器(qi)，都會對電池造(zao)成損(sun)害。夏季過充(chong)，冬(dong)季欠充(chong)，過充(chong)和(he)欠充(chong)容易造(zao)成電池失水(shui)和(he)硫酸鹽(yan)(yan)(yan)化(hua)，電池失水(shui)后(hou)，硫酸濃度(du)提高，加(jia)劇(ju)了板極腐(fu)蝕，就(jiu)更容易產生硫酸鹽(yan)(yan)(yan)化(hua)，硫酸鹽(yan)(yan)(yan)化(hua)的(de)電池表現為更容易失水(shui)。這是(shi)一(yi)種連鎖反應。鉛酸電池硫酸鹽(yan)(yan)(yan)化(hua)是(shi)影響EB續駛(shi)里程和(he)電池壽命的(de)重要因素(su)。

　　無溫度補嘗的(de)(de)充電(dian)器(qi)究竟對(dui)電(dian)池的(de)(de)損(sun)害有多大，目前還缺少(shao)實驗數(shu)據，對(dui)蓄(xu)電(dian)池進行定(ding)量分(fen)析要比(bi)定(ding)性(xing)分(fen)析復(fu)雜(za)困(kun)難(nan)得(de)(de)多，但(dan)以下的(de)(de)數(shu)據可以參(can)考：EB標準規定(ding)，鉛酸蓄(xu)電(dian)池的(de)(de)循(xun)環(huan)次(ci)數(shu)不(bu)得(de)(de)不(bu)少(shao)于350次(ci)，但(dan)實際上有相當(dang)多的(de)(de)電(dian)池使用時(shi)間不(bu)到(dao)8個月，即(ji)循(xun)還次(ci)數(shu)不(bu)足240次(ci)。

　　充電器(qi)增加溫(wen)度(du)補(bu)償功能并不困難(nan)，如只(zhi)要將(jiang)原基(ji)準電壓(ya)改為具有負溫(wen)度(du)系數特性的基(ji)準電壓(ya)，一般就可以了(le)。

　　三段式充電模式缺(que)少修(xiu)補性(xing)充電環節

　　三(san)段式充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)模式的(de)(de)恒流(liu)――恒壓(ya)――浮(fu)充(chong)(chong)三(san)個充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)階段，都是圍繞怎樣充(chong)(chong)滿電(dian)(dian)池來設計(ji)的(de)(de)，因此，這三(san)個充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)階段占(zhan)用了全部充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)時(shi)間，如36V12Ah電(dian)(dian)池組的(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)通常被設定為(wei)18A，有(you)公式：12(安時(shi)）×1.2（效率）÷8（小時(shi)）=1.8A。恰好能在標準規定的(de)(de)8h內將電(dian)(dian)池充(chong)(chong)滿，設計(ji)時(shi)就沒打(da)算留出(chu)修補電(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)時(shi)間，更何況三(san)段式充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器一般也不具備修補電(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)功(gong)能。

　　產(chan)業(ye)界向(xiang)來有人(ren)認(ren)為：我國的(de)(de)EB以(yi)采(cai)用(yong)鉛酸(suan)蓄電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)為主，并且采(cai)取的(de)(de)是全動力模式，如(ru)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)長期(qi)不能(neng)達(da)標，我國的(de)(de)EB產(chan)業(ye)將可(ke)能(neng)有再次(ci)夭折的(de)(de)危險(xian)。但技術界對此問(wen)題的(de)(de)認(ren)識是：要想鉛酸(suan)蓄電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)達(da)標，除有待于電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)本身(shen)的(de)(de)技術進步外，采(cai)用(yong)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)與修(xiu)補(bu)功能(neng)兼備的(de)(de)多(duo)功能(neng)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)是解決問(wen)題的(de)(de)有效途徑。因(yin)此，我們建議立即從以(yi)下兩(liang)方面入手對EB充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)進行(xing)技術改造。一是將36V12Ah電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)組(zu)的(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流從1.8A提高到3A以(yi)上(shang)，用(yong)約(yue)4h的(de)(de)時間(jian)對電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)進行(xing)常規性(xing)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)，留出4h以(yi)上(shang)時間(jian)對電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)進行(xing)修(xiu)補(bu)性(xing)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)；二是給(gei)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)增加對電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)進行(xing)修(xiu)補(bu)性(xing)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)功能(neng)。

　　關于充電的波形和頻率

　　充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器賴以對電(dian)(dian)(dian)池產生影響的是(shi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓、電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)及其波形和頻率(lv)，其中，充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓主(zhu)要與電(dian)(dian)(dian)池充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)得(de)滿不(bu)滿有(you)關(guan)，充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)主(zhu)要與充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)得(de)快不(bu)快有(you)關(guan)，而充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)的波形和頻率(lv)則(ze)主(zhu)要與充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)得(de)好(hao)好(hao)不(bu)好(hao)有(you)關(guan)，這里的“好(hao)不(bu)好(hao)”指(zhi)得(de)是(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池的容(rong)量和壽命。實踐證明，以上三者(zhe)雖各(ge)有(you)側重，但其關(guan)系(xi)是(shi)相(xiang)輔(fu)相(xiang)成、不(bu)可忽略的。

　　充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)屬于(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源技(ji)術(shu)(shu)領域(yu)，在充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)過程(cheng)中(zhong)強調(diao)波形和頻(pin)率的(de)作用(yong)(yong)是開(kai)關電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源出(chu)現(xian)(xian)以(yi)后的(de)事(shi)，而三(san)段式(shi)(shi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)模(mo)式(shi)(shi)出(chu)現(xian)(xian)在線性(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源時期(qi)，因(yin)此(ci)，三(san)段式(shi)(shi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)模(mo)式(shi)(shi)偏重于(yu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓和電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流，缺少充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)波形和頻(pin)率方面的(de)內容(rong)是情(qing)有可原的(de)。現(xian)(xian)在，EB配(pei)置的(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)全都是用(yong)(yong)開(kai)關電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源技(ji)術(shu)(shu)設計的(de)，但(dan)卻仍采用(yong)(yong)三(san)段式(shi)(shi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)模(mo)式(shi)(shi)，這顯然是不(bu)相宜的(de)，據我(wo)們調(diao)查和檢(jian)測，目前的(de)EB充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)還不(bu)同程(cheng)度(du)地存在以(yi)下(xia)問(wen)題(ti)：

　　（1）輸出紋波太小。有的竟(jing)只有50mV，顯然這(zhe)是將充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)當成穩壓電(dian)(dian)(dian)源來(lai)做了，也許這(zhe)種紋波可(ke)以(yi)用來(lai)給鋰離子電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，但對于36V鉛酸蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)來(lai)說，充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)脈沖的幅(fu)值應以(yi)1-2V為好。

　　（2）輸(shu)出(chu)(chu)連(lian)續(xu)三(san)角波。這通常(chang)(chang)是正激式(shi)開關電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)才有的(de)(de)波形，由(you)于極(ji)化(hua)現象(xiang)的(de)(de)存在(zai)，蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)忌諱(hui)用直流充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，包括(kuo)連(lian)續(xu)三(san)角波。常(chang)(chang)規性充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)最好波形是單端反激式(shi)開關電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源通常(chang)(chang)所輸(shu)出(chu)(chu)的(de)(de)下降型(xing)脈沖，尤其(qi)(qi)是緊接脈沖之(zhi)后存在(zai)的(de)(de)一段休止時(shi)間，還可以消除鉛(qian)酸蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)因充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)而產生的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)化(hua)學極(ji)化(hua)；比(bi)較而言(yan)，正激式(shi)開關電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)的(de)(de)溫升雖然可以做(zuo)得低一些，但其(qi)(qi)輸(shu)出(chu)(chu)波形不(bu)如反激式(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源，不(bu)過(guo)這可以通過(guo)調整其(qi)(qi)輸(shu)出(chu)(chu)三(san)角波的(de)(de)占空比(bi)來加以彌補(bu)。

　　（3）在(zai)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)與(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)之(zhi)間串聯有(you)一二極管。其目的(de)(de)(de)可能是(shi)為(wei)了防止電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)通過充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，但這樣(yang)做是(shi)錯(cuo)誤的(de)(de)(de)。充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)就是(shi)需要又充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)又放(fang)，邊充(chong)(chong)邊放(fang)，充(chong)(chong)多放(fang)少，哪怕放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)只有(you)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)百(bai)分(fen)之(zhi)一，也將(jiang)會(hui)對抑制電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)氣(qi)化和(he)(he)(he)抬高氣(qi)化電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓等(deng)產(chan)生(sheng)不(bu)可替代的(de)(de)(de)作用。應該認識到，如能在(zai)每一常規性充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)周期留出(chu)幾(ji)微(wei)秒和(he)(he)(he)在(zai)修(xiu)補性充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)周期留出(chu)幾(ji)秒鐘用來放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，對消除鉛酸(suan)蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)在(zai)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時產(chan)生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)化學極化和(he)(he)(he)濃差極化，從而增加(jia)和(he)(he)(he)延長電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)容量和(he)(he)(he)壽命將(jiang)會(hui)有(you)決定性意(yi)義。

（4）充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)頻率單調。一(yi)個優秀的(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)必須具有(you)多(duo)種(zhong)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)模式：脈(mo)沖充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)、負脈(mo)沖激活、變頻充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)等模式，只有(you)具備這些技術的(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)才能(neng)有(you)效地(di)去(qu)除電(dian)(dian)(dian)解液(ye)濃度極差、板柵硫(liu)酸(suan)鹽化和(he)(he)極化現象。脈(mo)沖充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)、高頻充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)以(yi)及變頻充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)等充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)技術，正在被越來越多(duo)地(di)應用在充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)上，可以(yi)預(yu)期，一(yi)種(zhong)兼有(you)常規性(xing)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)功(gong)能(neng)和(he)(he)修補性(xing)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)功(gong)能(neng)的(de)多(duo)功(gong)能(neng)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)必將替代(dai)功(gong)能(neng)單一(yi)的(de)三段式充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)而成為EB的(de)主流(liu)。

　　一(yi)種(zhong)實用的(de)EB多功能(neng)充電器的(de)充電模式和參數(shu)

　　如將凡(fan)包含常規性(xing)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)功(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)和(he)修(xiu)補(bu)(bu)性(xing)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)功(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)統稱(cheng)為多(duo)功(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)，那么根據(ju)以(yi)(yi)(yi)兩(liang)種(zhong)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)功(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)結合方式的(de)(de)不同，可以(yi)(yi)(yi)設計(ji)出(chu)多(duo)種(zhong)模(mo)式的(de)(de)多(duo)功(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)，但(dan)從(cong)EB的(de)(de)適用(yong)(yong)角度(du)考(kao)慮(lv)，還是將以(yi)(yi)(yi)上兩(liang)種(zhong)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)功(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)分開來設計(ji)好(hao)，即(ji)將有限(xian)的(de)(de)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)時間(jian)(jian)劃分為兩(liang)個充(chong)電(dian)(dian)時間(jian)(jian)段，前段時間(jian)(jian)用(yong)(yong)來完(wan)成常規性(xing)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)，后(hou)段時間(jian)(jian)用(yong)(yong)來進行修(xiu)補(bu)(bu)性(xing)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)。以(yi)(yi)(yi)下仍以(yi)(yi)(yi)36V 12Ah鉛酸蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)池組為例，介紹一(yi)種(zhong)實用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)多(duo)功(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)的(de)(de)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)模(mo)式和(he)參數。

　　4.1常規性充電階段

　　（1）電(dian)(dian)源類型：單端反激式(shi)開關電(dian)(dian)源；

　　（2）滿輸出充(chong)電(dian)頻(pin)(pin)率(lv)：25kHz，即充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)源3A時的電(dian)源工作(zuo)頻(pin)(pin)率(lv)；

　　（3）充電波形：下降型三角(jiao)脈沖；

　　（4）脈沖(chong)幅(fu)度：約1.6V；

　　（5）脈沖最大寬(kuan)度：約25μs；

　　（6）充電休止時(shi)間(jian)：約15μs；

　　（7）放電(dian)電(dian)流：約50mA；

　　（8）充電平均(jun)電流：3A；

　　（9）充電峰值電流(liu)：約10A；

　　（10）充(chong)電時(shi)間：約4h，即充(chong)電4h后，電池(chi)電壓(ya)應上升(sheng)到43.2V（常溫(wen)），容量已達75%以上；

　　（11）減流(liu)轉折電(dian)壓：常溫下43.2V，該(gai)電(dian)壓為“氣(qi)化點電(dian)壓”，即(ji)在用直流(liu)充(chong)電(dian)的(de)情況下，此時(shi)鉛(qian)酸電(dian)池的(de)電(dian)解液已開始大量氣(qi)化。以下轉入修補性充(chong)電(dian)階(jie)段。

　　4.2修(xiu)補性充電階段

　　（1）線(xian)(xian)性(xing)減(jian)(jian)流及范圍：電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓上升到43.2V（常(chang)溫）時，充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流開始減(jian)(jian)小，減(jian)(jian)小的速率(lv)呈線(xian)(xian)性(xing)，平均(jun)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流從3A最終減(jian)(jian)為(wei)不(bu)小于0.3A，或(huo)峰(feng)值充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流從約10A減(jian)(jian)為(wei)1A；

　　（2）充(chong)(chong)電(dian)頻率(lv)變化(hua)范圍(wei)：線性(xing)減流時(shi)，隨(sui)著充(chong)(chong)電(dian)電(dian)流的減小，充(chong)(chong)電(dian)頻率(lv)開始(shi)上升，其變化(hua)范圍(wei)為25-100kHz；

　　（3）充(chong)電(dian)(dian)終(zhong)(zhong)止電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)：該(gai)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)相當于“氣化點電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)”加約1.2V，當電(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)上(shang)升至該(gai)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)時，充(chong)電(dian)(dian)器終(zhong)(zhong)止充(chong)電(dian)(dian)；

　　（4）重(zhong)起(qi)動(dong)電(dian)壓：終(zhong)止(zhi)充(chong)電(dian)后(hou)，電(dian)池電(dian)壓下降，當降至重(zhong)起(qi)動(dong)電(dian)壓時，充(chong)電(dian)器將(jiang)再次(ci)起(qi)動(dong)將(jiang)電(dian)池充(chong)到充(chong)電(dian)終(zhong)止(zhi)電(dian)壓，而后(hou)充(chong)電(dian)終(zhong)止(zhi)，電(dian)池電(dian)壓再次(ci)下降，充(chong)電(dian)將(jiang)循(xun)環(huan)反重(zhong)地進行下去；

　　（5）充(chong)電(dian)終(zhong)(zhong)止(zhi)時間(jian)(jian)：終(zhong)(zhong)止(zhi)充(chong)電(dian)后，電(dian)池電(dian)壓下(xia)降的(de)時間(jian)(jian)起先(xian)較快，約幾秒鐘，隨(sui)著時間(jian)(jian)推移(yi)，終(zhong)(zhong)止(zhi)充(chong)電(dian)的(de)時間(jian)(jian)會越來越長(chang)，可達(da)幾分(fen)鐘以上；

　　（6）修補(bu)性充(chong)電的延(yan)續時(shi)間(jian)：4h以上不(bu)限(xian)

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