一.充電(dian)器、控制(zhi)器概述

    充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器是電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)自行(xing)車四大核心部(bu)(bu)件(jian)之(zhi)一，充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器的好壞嚴重(zhong)影響(xiang)著蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的使用(yong)壽命。充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器主(zhu)要(yao)由(you)整(zheng)(zheng)流(liu)濾(lv)波(bo)(bo)、高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)開(kai)關、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)交(jiao)換、恒壓(ya)(ya)(ya)及(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)等(deng)(deng)幾(ji)個部(bu)(bu)分組(zu)成(cheng)。其中整(zheng)(zheng)流(liu)濾(lv)波(bo)(bo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路的用(yong)途是將交(jiao)流(liu)220V電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)轉變為支流(liu)300V左右的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)，通過高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)開(kai)關電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路及(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)交(jiao)換，產生充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時所需的低(di)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)直流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)，再由(you)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)后對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，采(cai)用(yong)這(zhe)種方式(shi)(shi)的充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器具有(you)體積小、重(zhong)量輕(qing)、效率高等(deng)(deng)優點。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)車控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)器的實(shi)現方式(shi)(shi)與組(zu)成(cheng)部(bu)(bu)分：目前電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)自行(xing)車用(yong)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)器，不管有(you)刷無刷，普遍采(cai)用(yong)PWM調速方式(shi)(shi)。控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)器內部(bu)(bu)必須要(yao)有(you)PWM發生器電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路，還要(yao)有(you)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路，功率器件(jian)，功率器件(jian)驅動(dong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器，控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)器件(jian)驅動(dong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路，控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)部(bu)(bu)件(jian)（轉把、閘把、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機霍耳等(deng)(deng)）信號采(cai)集(ji)單元與處理電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路，過流(liu)與欠壓(ya)(ya)(ya)等(deng)(deng)保護電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路。

    二.充電(dian)器的使用和保養(yang)

    充電器的正確使用，不僅影響到充電器自身(shen)的(de)可(ke)靠性和使(shi)用(yong)壽命(ming)，而且還會影響到電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)壽命(ming)。使(shi)用(yong)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)對蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時，請(qing)先(xian)插(cha)上充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)的(de)輸(shu)出插(cha)頭(tou)，后(hou)插(cha)輸(shu)入插(cha)頭(tou)。充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時，充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)指(zhi)(zhi)示(shi)燈(deng)顯示(shi)紅色(se)(se)，充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)指(zhi)(zhi)示(shi)燈(deng)也顯示(shi)為紅色(se)(se)。充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)滿后(hou)，充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)指(zhi)(zhi)示(shi)燈(deng)為綠色(se)(se)。停止充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時，請(qing)先(xian)撥(bo)下充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)的(de)輸(shu)入插(cha)頭(tou)，后(hou)撥(bo)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)的(de)輸(shu)出插(cha)頭(tou)。通常情況下，對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)過(guo)度放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)和過(guo)度充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)是有害的(de)。因此(ci)，要勤(qin)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，不要過(guo)放(fang)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。

    電(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)使用壽命與(yu)其放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)深度有(you)很大(da)關系。鉛酸蓄電(dian)(dian)池(chi)尤(you)其怕虧電(dian)(dian)放(fang)(fang)量。虧電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)放(fang)(fang)置3-7天，將有(you)可(ke)能(neng)永(yong)久損(sun)壞。因(yin)此，蓄電(dian)(dian)池(chi)使用過后請盡快充電(dian)(dian)。對于長期不使用的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)，應每隔15天左右對電(dian)(dian)池(chi)充電(dian)(dian)一(yi)次(ci)，以補償(chang)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)存放(fang)(fang)時的(de)(de)自放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)量的(de)(de)損(sun)失。

    充電(dian)(dian)器(qi)在使用(yong)過程中需防潮、防濕，并放置在通風良好的(de)地方(fang)。充電(dian)(dian)器(qi)工作(zuo)時有(you)一(yi)定(ding)的(de)溫升(sheng)，請注意散熱，通常充電(dian)(dian)時間在7-8小時，視電(dian)(dian)池的(de)使用(yong)狀態(tai)而不(bu)同(tong)。

    充(chong)電(dian)器屬于較精密的電(dian)子設備，因(yin)此，在使用(yong)中(zhong)要(yao)注意(yi)防振(zhen)(zhen)動。盡量不要(yao)隨車攜帶，如確要(yao)攜帶，應將充(chong)電(dian)器用(yong)減振(zhen)(zhen)材料包裝好后(hou)放置(zhi)于車上工具(ju)箱內，并應注意(yi)防雨(yu)、防潮。

    三(san).充電器的故障與檢修

    1、輸出電壓正常(chang)，但充電電流很小

    遇到這種(zhong)情況時，應(ying)該檢查(cha)電壓元器件是否有(you)接觸(chu)不良或(huo)損(sun)壞，如果一(yi)切正常(chang)，那么要更換充電器來排除故(gu)障。

    2、嚴重發熱，甚至有外(wai)殼燒化變形現象

    這主要(yao)是(shi)(shi)部分用戶經常隨車攜帶(dai)造(zao)成部分元(yuan)器(qi)件松動(dong)引起的故障(zhang)。主要(yao)表現(xian)為：電(dian)壓(ya)工(gong)作狀態不正常，熱量很大，嚴(yan)重時充(chong)電(dian)器(qi)外(wai)殼變形(xing)，電(dian)路板燒焦，導致電(dian)壓(ya)損壞。可將(jiang)虛(xu)焊處重新焊接(jie)好。如仍不能排除故障(zhang)，則需檢查是(shi)(shi)否有元(yuan)器(qi)件開(kai)路。

    3、充(chong)電時(shi)電源(yuan)指示燈亮，充(chong)電指示燈橙(cheng)色

    首先請(qing)檢(jian)查(cha)一下(xia)充電器輸出插頭與電池盒的充電插頭有沒有插緊。如確定沒有問(wen)題(ti)，可檢(jian)查(cha)一下(xia)電池盒上面(mian)的保(bao)險(xian)絲(si)是否開路或保(bao)險(xian)絲(si)座(zuo)有松動接觸不(bu)良現象(xiang)。

    另外(wai)，有(you)的(de)車型要把電(dian)(dian)池鎖打開(kai)后才(cai)能充(chong)電(dian)(dian)。如果(guo)(guo)以上故障均排除，考慮一(yi)下充(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)輸出(chu)線是否開(kai)路(lu)，可用萬用表電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)檔(dang)（200V檔(dang)）測(ce)量一(yi)下充(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)的(de)空載輸出(chu)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)，應(ying)為41-44V（配36V電(dian)(dian)池因充(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)不(bu)同(tong)有(you)所不(bu)同(tong)），如果(guo)(guo)沒有(you)的(de)話，可能是充(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)輸出(chu)線開(kai)路(lu)，并將(jiang)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)打開(kai)，換(huan)一(yi)根(gen)輸出(chu)線，即可排除故障。

    注(zhu)意：在更(geng)換(huan)充電器(qi)的輸出線時(shi)，一定(ding)要注(zhu)意原機的正(zheng)負不要接反。

    4、電源指示(shi)燈(deng)不亮，充(chong)電指示(shi)燈(deng)不亮，充(chong)電指示(shi)燈(deng)也不亮

    檢查充電(dian)器輸(shu)入(ru)電(dian)源插(cha)頭是否(fou)連接好，可將(jiang)充電(dian)器輸(shu)入(ru)插(cha)頭插(cha)至正(zheng)常(chang)的(de)電(dian)源插(cha)座中，若情況依舊，將(jiang)充電(dian)品外殼打打開，觀察(cha)一(yi)下(xia)(xia)機內(nei)保(bao)險(xian)絲連接是否(fou)完好，有(you)無斷(duan)(duan)路(lu)，如沒(mei)有(you)斷(duan)(duan)路(lu)，現檢查電(dian)源輸(shu)入(ru)線(xian)是還良好，在(zai)排除(chu)電(dian)源輸(shu)入(ru)線(xian)的(de)故(gu)障后，應檢查一(yi)下(xia)(xia)電(dian)路(lu)板上高壓區附近(jin)的(de)元器件是否(fou)有(you)虛(xu)焊現象。另外，開路(lu)也會(hui)引直上述故(gu)障，如機內(nei)保(bao)險(xian)絲已斷(duan)(duan)，則千萬不要更換(huan)在(zai)安培的(de)保(bao)險(xian)絲（充電(dian)器的(de)保(bao)險(xian)絲管一(yi)般(ban)為2A），應重點(dian)檢查其元件有(you)無損(sun)(sun)壞，如有(you)損(sun)(sun)壞，可用同(tong)類型(xing)的(de)更換(huan)。

    5、發(fa)熱量在(zai)，且(qie)伴有異常響聲，充不進(jin)電

    故(gu)障原(yuan)因是(shi)輸出級消振(zhen)阻容(rong)損(sun)壞(huai)所致。另外，元器件的開路或(huo)虛焊也會引起(qi)上述(shu)故(gu)障。

    6、輸(shu)出(chu)部分銅箔燒斷

    打(da)開充電器后(hou)現充電器輸出部分銅箔燒斷，這通(tong)常是(shi)將是(shi)池正(zheng)負極反(fan)接的結果，由(you)此而引起的故障將會導致充電器許多元器件(jian)損(sun)壞(huai)。如(ru)(ru)果充電器保險絲(si)沒有壞(huai)，則(ze)(ze)通(tong)常更換元器件(jian)后(hou)將斷銅箔連上即可恢(hui)復正(zheng)常。如(ru)(ru)果充電器的保險絲(si)已斷，則(ze)(ze)故障較嚴重，有可能要逐一檢查(cha)并更換各(ge)損(sun)壞(huai)元器件(jian)。

    7、工作時(shi)有異常響聲，電(dian)源指示燈與充電(dian)指示燈暗(an)且閃爍(shuo)

    故障原因原因是(shi)元器件

損(sun)壞，可更換損(sun)壞元器件，并使充電器輸出電壓在正常工作范(fan)圍內(nei)。

    8、輸出電壓很(hen)高

    輸出電(dian)(dian)壓很高（在(zai)于(yu)50V），其(qi)故(gu)障原因是某元器件短路(lu)或開路(lu)，具本判斷時可測量集成電(dian)(dian)路(lu)的(de)腳電(dian)(dian)壓。

    注：更換后，應重(zhong)新(xin)用萬用表(biao)測量車此時的充電器輸(shu)出(chu)電壓，正常值應為41-44V之間(jian)，如果有偏差，須調(diao)整元器件，使充電器輸(shu)出(chu)電壓保持正常。

    四.控制器故(gu)障與維修

    影響控(kong)制器可靠性的(de)因素：控(kong)制器的(de)失效，從表現形式(shi)來看，一般(ban)有以下(xia)幾種：

      1、功率器件損壞；

      2、控制器(qi)內部(bu)供(gong)電電源損壞；

      3、控制器工(gong)作時斷時續；

      4、連接線磨(mo)損及接插件不良(liang)或脫(tuo)落引起(qi)控制信號丟失。

    針對以上(shang)失效形式(shi)的起因(yin)分(fen)析如下(xia)：

      A、功(gong)(gong)率(lv)器(qi)件(jian)(jian)的(de)損壞(huai)，一般有以下(xia)幾(ji)種可能(neng)：電(dian)機損壞(huai)引(yin)起(qi)的(de)；功(gong)(gong)率(lv)器(qi)件(jian)(jian)本身(shen)的(de)質(zhi)量差或選用(yong)等級不夠引(yin)起(qi)的(de)；器(qi)件(jian)(jian)安裝或振動(dong)松動(dong)引(yin)起(qi)的(de)；電(dian)機過(guo)載引(yin)起(qi)的(de)；功(gong)(gong)率(lv)器(qi)件(jian)(jian)驅動(dong)電(dian)路損壞(huai)或參數設計不合理引(yin)起(qi)的(de)。

      B、控制(zhi)器內部電源的損壞，一般有以(yi)下(xia)幾(ji)種可能(neng)：控制(zhi)器內部電路(lu)短路(lu)；外圍控制(zhi)部件短路(lu)；外部引線短路(lu)。

      C、控(kong)制(zhi)器(qi)(qi)工作起來時斷時續，一般有以下幾種可能：器(qi)(qi)件(jian)本(ben)(ben)身(shen)在(zai)高溫(wen)(wen)或低溫(wen)(wen)環(huan)境下參數(shu)漂移；控(kong)制(zhi)器(qi)(qi)總體設計功耗大(da)導(dao)致某些器(qi)(qi)件(jian)局部溫(wen)(wen)度(du)過高而(er)使(shi)器(qi)(qi)件(jian)本(ben)(ben)身(shen)進入(ru)保(bao)護狀態(tai)；接觸不良(liang)。

      D、連接線磨損及接觸插件接觸不良或脫落，一般有以下幾種可能：線材選擇不合理；對線材的保護不完備；接插件的選型不好；線束與接插件的壓接不牢。
     控(kong)制器故(gu)障與檢(jian)(jian)修   通過測(ce)量控(kong)制器連接(jie)部件(jian)或引線的(de)(de)(de)電源(yuan)電壓(ya)或信號電壓(ya)，可分(fen)析判斷出控(kong)制器的(de)(de)(de)故(gu)障所在。以下(xia)是控(kong)制器常見故(gu)障的(de)(de)(de)檢(jian)(jian)測(ce)與排除方法。

    一(yi)、有刷(shua)控制(zhi)器沒(mei)有輸出

    將(jiang)萬用表設置(zhi)在(zai)+20V（DC）檔位，先(xian)測(ce)量閘把輸出(chu)(chu)信號(hao)的(de)(de)高、低(di)電位。如(ru)果(guo)捏閘把時(shi)，閘把信號(hao)有(you)超過4V的(de)(de)電位變化，則可(ke)排(pai)除閘把故障。之后(hou)，按(an)照(zhao)有(you)刷控制(zhi)器常用芯(xin)片引腳功能(neng)表，與測(ce)量出(chu)(chu)的(de)(de)主控芯(xin)片與邏(luo)輯芯(xin)片的(de)(de)電壓值進行電路分析，并(bing)檢查各芯(xin)片外圍器件（電阻、電容、二極(ji)管）的(de)(de)數值是(shi)(shi)否和元件表面的(de)(de)表識相一(yi)致，檢查出(chu)(chu)是(shi)(shi)外圍器件或是(shi)(shi)集成電路出(chu)(chu)現(xian)故障。我(wo)們可(ke)以通(tong)過更換同(tong)型(xing)號(hao)的(de)(de)器件來排(pai)除故障。

    二(er)、無刷(shua)控制(zhi)器沒有(you)輸出

    無(wu)刷控制器(qi)(qi)電源與閘把的故障可以(yi)參考(kao)有刷控制器(qi)(qi)的故障排除方法(fa)予以(yi)排除。

    三、飛車

    飛車故障(zhang)一般是(shi)由MOS管(guan)(guan)擊穿引起的(de)。判斷(duan)MOS管(guan)(guan)好壞(huai)(huai)的(de)方法，可(ke)用萬用表的(de)二極管(guan)(guan)檔位測量MOS管(guan)(guan)三個引腳(jiao)，應(ying)該沒有短(duan)路現象。如果MOS管(guan)(guan)損壞(huai)(huai)，則可(ke)以通過更換同型(xing)號的(de)器件來排除故障(zhang)。

    四、有刷控制器部件的電源不正常(chang)

    控(kong)制器內部電(dian)(dian)源一般采用(yong)(yong)三(san)端穩壓集(ji)成(cheng)電(dian)(dian)器，一般用(yong)(yong)7805、7806、7812、7815規格(ge)的(de)穩壓集(ji)成(cheng)電(dian)(dian)路，它(ta)們的(de)輸出電(dian)(dian)壓分別是5V、6V、12V、15V。將萬用(yong)(yong)表設(she)置在直流電(dian)(dian)壓+20V（DC）檔位，將萬用(yong)(yong)表筆(bi)(bi)黑(hei)(hei)表筆(bi)(bi)與紅表筆(bi)(bi)分別靠在轉(zhuan)把的(de)黑(hei)(hei)線(xian)和紅線(xian)上，觀(guan)察萬用(yong)(yong)表讀數是否與標稱電(dian)(dian)壓相符，它(ta)們的(de)上下電(dian)(dian)壓差不應超過(guo)(guo)0.2V，否則說(shuo)明(ming)控(kong)制器內部電(dian)(dian)源出現(xian)故(gu)障了。一般有(you)刷控(kong)制器可以通過(guo)(guo)更換三(san)端穩壓集(ji)成(cheng)電(dian)(dian)路排除故(gu)障。

    五、無(wu)刷控制器完(wan)全沒有輸出

    參(can)照(zhao)無(wu)刷控(kong)(kong)制器(qi)主相位(wei)檢查(cha)測量圖(tu)，用(yong)萬(wan)用(yong)表直流電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)+50V檔，檢測6路MOS管柵(zha)極電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)是(shi)(shi)否與轉(zhuan)把的(de)(de)轉(zhuan)動(dong)角呈對(dui)應(ying)關(guan)系。如果(guo)沒有(you)對(dui)應(ying)關(guan)系，表示控(kong)(kong)制器(qi)里的(de)(de)PWM電(dian)(dian)路或(huo)MOS管驅動(dong)電(dian)(dian)路有(you)故障。參(can)照(zhao)無(wu)刷控(kong)(kong)制器(qi)主相位(wei)檢查(cha)圖(tu)，測量芯(xin)(xin)片的(de)(de)輸(shu)入輸(shu)出引(yin)腳的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)是(shi)(shi)否與轉(zhuan)把轉(zhuan)動(dong)角度有(you)對(dui)應(ying)關(guan)系，可以判斷出是(shi)(shi)哪些(xie)芯(xin)(xin)片有(you)故障。更換同(tong)型號芯(xin)(xin)片即可排除(chu)故障。

    六(liu)、電路元(yuan)件的更換方法與注意事項

    在(zai)檢(jian)測(ce)出(chu)集成電路、MOS管損壞的情況下，就需要更換集成電路、MOS管，下面介紹一些(xie)常(chang)用的操作方法(fa)。

    1、拆卸集成電路

    拆(chai)卸時，用(yong)酒精燈火(huo)焰(yan)外焰(yan)加熱(re)印刷(shua)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)板(ban)焊(han)(han)接成(cheng)(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)引腳焊(han)(han)盤，快速(su)均勻地(di)移動印刷(shua)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)板(ban)，直至所(suo)有焊(han)(han)盤的焊(han)(han)錫融(rong)化，用(yong)鑷(nie)子將集成(cheng)(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)從(cong)印刷(shua)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)板(ban)上取下。焊(han)(han)接時，將焊(han)(han)孔里的焊(han)(han)錫清除(chu)干凈，將集成(cheng)(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)插裝好(hao)，用(yong)接地(di)良好(hao)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)烙鐵迅速(su)焊(han)(han)接好(hao)各引腳。注意(yi)速(su)度(du)要快，以(yi)免因焊(han)(han)接時間長，引起(qi)局(ju)部溫(wen)度(du)過(guo)高，損壞電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)或焊(han)(han)盤。

2、拆卸功率器件

    拆卸時，將MOS管(guan)(guan)或(huo)三(san)端穩(wen)壓的(de)管(guan)(guan)腳(jiao)剪(jian)斷，然后分別焊下(xia)它們(men)的(de)引腳(jiao)，這樣可(ke)以避免拆卸大管(guan)(guan)腳(jiao)元件(jian)時損壞印(yin)刷(shua)電(dian)路板(ban)焊盤。

    3、焊(han)(han)接(jie)集成(cheng)電路(lu)、功率器(qi)件(jian)焊(han)(han)接(jie)的(de)竅門(men)在于(yu)是否能一(yi)次性焊(han)(han)接(jie)好。因為電烙(luo)鐵是有一(yi)定(ding)熱(re)量(liang)的(de)，如(ru)果(guo)將電烙(luo)鐵長時(shi)間的(de)停(ting)留在焊(han)(han)接(jie)處(chu)，很可能會使電烙(luo)鐵上(shang)的(de)熱(re)量(liang)傳遞(di)到非(fei)焊(han)(han)接(jie)的(de)部(bu)件(jian)上(shang)，損(sun)壞高精度的(de)部(bu)件(jian)。這就是電動車電元件(jian)焊(han)(han)接(jie)時(shi)，特別值得注意(yi)的(de)地(di)方，以(yi)此(ci)來避免損(sun)壞元件(jian)內(nei)部(bu)的(de)電路(lu)。焊(han)(han)接(jie)集成(cheng)電路(lu)、功率器(qi)件(jian)，首先要除(chu)去多余的(de)焊(han)(han)錫(xi)，使焊(han)(han)錫(xi)