一.充電器(qi)、控制器(qi)概(gai)述

    充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)是電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動自行(xing)(xing)車四大核心部件之一，充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)好壞嚴重影響(xiang)著蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)使(shi)用(yong)壽命。充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)主要(yao)(yao)由(you)整流(liu)濾波(bo)(bo)、高壓(ya)開關(guan)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)交換、恒(heng)壓(ya)及電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)等(deng)幾個(ge)部分(fen)(fen)組(zu)成。其中整流(liu)濾波(bo)(bo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)的(de)用(yong)途是將交流(liu)220V電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)轉(zhuan)變為支流(liu)300V左右的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)，通(tong)過高壓(ya)開關(guan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)及電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)交換，產(chan)生充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時所需的(de)低壓(ya)直流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)，再由(you)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)后對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，采(cai)用(yong)這(zhe)種(zhong)方式(shi)的(de)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)具有(you)體積小、重量輕、效率(lv)高等(deng)優(you)點。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動車控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)實現(xian)方式(shi)與(yu)組(zu)成部分(fen)(fen)：目前電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動自行(xing)(xing)車用(yong)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)器(qi)(qi)(qi)，不管有(you)刷無刷，普(pu)遍采(cai)用(yong)PWM調速方式(shi)。控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)器(qi)(qi)(qi)內部必須(xu)要(yao)(yao)有(you)PWM發生器(qi)(qi)(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)，還(huan)要(yao)(yao)有(you)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)，功(gong)率(lv)器(qi)(qi)(qi)件，功(gong)率(lv)器(qi)(qi)(qi)件驅動電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)，控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)器(qi)(qi)(qi)件驅動電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)，控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)部件（轉(zhuan)把(ba)、閘(zha)把(ba)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機霍耳等(deng)）信號采(cai)集(ji)單元與(yu)處理電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)，過流(liu)與(yu)欠壓(ya)等(deng)保護電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)。

    二.充電(dian)器的(de)使用和保養(yang)

    充電器的正確使用，不僅影響到充電器自身的(de)(de)可靠性和使用壽命，而且還會(hui)影響到電(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)壽命。使用充(chong)(chong)電(dian)器對蓄電(dian)池(chi)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)時(shi)，請先(xian)插(cha)(cha)(cha)上充(chong)(chong)電(dian)器的(de)(de)輸出插(cha)(cha)(cha)頭(tou)，后(hou)插(cha)(cha)(cha)輸入插(cha)(cha)(cha)頭(tou)。充(chong)(chong)電(dian)時(shi)，充(chong)(chong)電(dian)器的(de)(de)電(dian)源指(zhi)示(shi)(shi)燈顯(xian)示(shi)(shi)紅色(se)，充(chong)(chong)電(dian)指(zhi)示(shi)(shi)燈也顯(xian)示(shi)(shi)為紅色(se)。充(chong)(chong)滿后(hou)，充(chong)(chong)電(dian)指(zhi)示(shi)(shi)燈為綠色(se)。停止充(chong)(chong)電(dian)時(shi)，請先(xian)撥下充(chong)(chong)電(dian)器的(de)(de)輸入插(cha)(cha)(cha)頭(tou)，后(hou)撥充(chong)(chong)電(dian)器的(de)(de)輸出插(cha)(cha)(cha)頭(tou)。通常情(qing)況(kuang)下，對電(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)過度放電(dian)和過度充(chong)(chong)電(dian)是有害的(de)(de)。因此，要勤充(chong)(chong)電(dian)，不要過放充(chong)(chong)電(dian)。

    電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的使用(yong)壽命與其放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)深(shen)度有很大關系(xi)。鉛酸蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)尤其怕虧電(dian)(dian)(dian)放(fang)(fang)量。虧電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)放(fang)(fang)置(zhi)3-7天，將有可能(neng)永久損壞。因此，蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)使用(yong)過后請盡快充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)。對于長(chang)期不使用(yong)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)，應每隔15天左右(you)對電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)一次，以(yi)補償電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)存(cun)放(fang)(fang)時的自放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)量的損失。

    充(chong)電(dian)器在(zai)使(shi)用過程中需防潮、防濕，并放置在(zai)通風良好的地(di)方(fang)。充(chong)電(dian)器工作時有一(yi)定的溫升，請注(zhu)意散熱，通常充(chong)電(dian)時間在(zai)7-8小(xiao)時，視電(dian)池的使(shi)用狀態而(er)不(bu)同。

    充電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)屬于較精密的(de)電(dian)(dian)子(zi)設備，因此，在使用(yong)中(zhong)要注意防(fang)(fang)振動。盡量不要隨車(che)攜帶，如(ru)確(que)要攜帶，應將充電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)用(yong)減振材料包裝好后放(fang)置于車(che)上工具箱(xiang)內，并應注意防(fang)(fang)雨、防(fang)(fang)潮。

    三.充電器的故障與檢修

    1、輸(shu)出(chu)電壓(ya)正常，但充電電流(liu)很(hen)小(xiao)

    遇到這種情況時，應該檢查電壓元器(qi)件是否有接觸不良(liang)或損壞，如(ru)果一切正常，那么要更換充電器(qi)來(lai)排(pai)除故障。

    2、嚴重發熱，甚(shen)至有(you)外殼燒(shao)化變形現象

    這主要是(shi)部(bu)(bu)分用戶經常隨車攜(xie)帶造成部(bu)(bu)分元器(qi)件(jian)松動(dong)引起(qi)的(de)故障。主要表(biao)現為：電(dian)壓工作狀態不正常，熱(re)量(liang)很大，嚴(yan)重時充(chong)電(dian)器(qi)外殼變(bian)形(xing)，電(dian)路(lu)板燒焦，導致(zhi)電(dian)壓損壞。可將虛焊(han)處重新(xin)焊(han)接好。如仍不能(neng)排除故障，則(ze)需檢查(cha)是(shi)否有元器(qi)件(jian)開(kai)路(lu)。

    3、充電(dian)時電(dian)源指(zhi)示燈亮，充電(dian)指(zhi)示燈橙色

    首先請檢查一下(xia)充(chong)電(dian)器輸出插頭與電(dian)池盒的充(chong)電(dian)插頭有沒有插緊。如確定沒有問(wen)題，可檢查一下(xia)電(dian)池盒上面(mian)的保險絲(si)是否開(kai)路或保險絲(si)座有松動接觸不良現象。

    另外，有的車型要把電(dian)(dian)(dian)池鎖(suo)打(da)開后(hou)才能充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)。如果以上故(gu)障均排除，考(kao)慮一(yi)(yi)下(xia)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)出線(xian)(xian)是否開路，可用(yong)萬用(yong)表電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓檔（200V檔）測量一(yi)(yi)下(xia)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)的空載輸(shu)(shu)(shu)出電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓，應(ying)為(wei)41-44V（配(pei)36V電(dian)(dian)(dian)池因充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)不同有所不同），如果沒(mei)有的話，可能是充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)出線(xian)(xian)開路，并將充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)打(da)開，換一(yi)(yi)根輸(shu)(shu)(shu)出線(xian)(xian)，即可排除故(gu)障。

    注意：在更(geng)換充電器的輸出線時，一定要注意原機的正(zheng)負不要接反(fan)。

    4、電源指示燈(deng)不亮(liang)，充(chong)電指示燈(deng)不亮(liang)，充(chong)電指示燈(deng)也不亮(liang)

    檢查(cha)(cha)充電(dian)(dian)器(qi)輸(shu)(shu)入(ru)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)插(cha)頭是(shi)(shi)(shi)否連接(jie)好(hao)，可將充電(dian)(dian)器(qi)輸(shu)(shu)入(ru)插(cha)頭插(cha)至正常的(de)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)插(cha)座中，若情況依(yi)舊，將充電(dian)(dian)品外(wai)殼打(da)打(da)開，觀察(cha)一下(xia)機內保(bao)險絲(si)連接(jie)是(shi)(shi)(shi)否完好(hao)，有無斷(duan)路，如(ru)沒有斷(duan)路，現(xian)檢查(cha)(cha)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)輸(shu)(shu)入(ru)線是(shi)(shi)(shi)還良好(hao)，在(zai)排除(chu)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)輸(shu)(shu)入(ru)線的(de)故障后，應檢查(cha)(cha)一下(xia)電(dian)(dian)路板上高壓區(qu)附近(jin)的(de)元(yuan)器(qi)件是(shi)(shi)(shi)否有虛焊現(xian)象。另(ling)外(wai)，開路也會(hui)引直(zhi)上述故障，如(ru)機內保(bao)險絲(si)已斷(duan)，則千萬不要更換在(zai)安培的(de)保(bao)險絲(si)（充電(dian)(dian)器(qi)的(de)保(bao)險絲(si)管(guan)一般為2A），應重點(dian)檢查(cha)(cha)其(qi)元(yuan)件有無損壞，如(ru)有損壞，可用同類型的(de)更換。

    5、發熱量在，且(qie)伴有異(yi)常響聲(sheng)，充不進電

    故障(zhang)原因(yin)是輸(shu)出級(ji)消(xiao)振(zhen)阻(zu)容損壞所致。另(ling)外(wai)，元(yuan)器件的開路(lu)或虛焊也會(hui)引起上述故障(zhang)。

    6、輸出部分銅箔(bo)燒斷

    打(da)開充(chong)電器(qi)(qi)后現充(chong)電器(qi)(qi)輸出(chu)部分銅(tong)箔燒斷，這(zhe)通(tong)常(chang)是將是池正負極反接的結果(guo)，由此而引起(qi)的故障將會導(dao)致(zhi)充(chong)電器(qi)(qi)許多(duo)元器(qi)(qi)件損壞(huai)。如果(guo)充(chong)電器(qi)(qi)保險絲沒(mei)有(you)壞(huai)，則(ze)通(tong)常(chang)更換元器(qi)(qi)件后將斷銅(tong)箔連(lian)上即(ji)可恢復正常(chang)。如果(guo)充(chong)電器(qi)(qi)的保險絲已斷，則(ze)故障較嚴重，有(you)可能要逐一檢(jian)查并(bing)更換各(ge)損壞(huai)元器(qi)(qi)件。

    7、工作時有(you)異常響聲，電源指示燈與充電指示燈暗且閃爍(shuo)

    故(gu)障原(yuan)因(yin)原(yuan)因(yin)是元器件(jian)

損壞，可更換損壞元器件(jian)，并使(shi)充(chong)電器輸出電壓在(zai)正常(chang)工作范圍內。

    8、輸出(chu)電壓很(hen)高

    輸(shu)出電(dian)壓(ya)很高（在于50V），其故障原因(yin)是某元器件短路或開路，具本判斷(duan)時可測量集成電(dian)路的(de)腳電(dian)壓(ya)。

    注：更換后，應(ying)(ying)重新用萬(wan)用表(biao)測量車(che)此時的充(chong)(chong)電(dian)器輸出電(dian)壓，正(zheng)(zheng)常值應(ying)(ying)為41-44V之間，如果有(you)偏差(cha)，須調整元(yuan)器件，使(shi)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)器輸出電(dian)壓保持(chi)正(zheng)(zheng)常。

    四(si).控(kong)制器故障與(yu)維(wei)修

    影響控(kong)制器可靠(kao)性的(de)因素：控(kong)制器的(de)失效，從表現形式(shi)來看，一般(ban)有以下幾種：

      1、功(gong)率器件損(sun)壞；

      2、控制器(qi)內(nei)部供電電源(yuan)損壞；

      3、控制(zhi)器工作時斷時續；

      4、連接(jie)線磨損及接(jie)插件不良(liang)或(huo)脫落引起(qi)控制信號丟失。

    針對以上(shang)失效形(xing)式的(de)起因分析如下：

      A、功率器(qi)件(jian)的(de)(de)損(sun)壞，一般(ban)有以下幾種可能(neng)：電(dian)機(ji)(ji)損(sun)壞引起(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)；功率器(qi)件(jian)本身的(de)(de)質量(liang)差或選用等級不夠引起(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)；器(qi)件(jian)安裝或振動(dong)松(song)動(dong)引起(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)；電(dian)機(ji)(ji)過載引起(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)；功率器(qi)件(jian)驅動(dong)電(dian)路損(sun)壞或參數設計(ji)不合理(li)引起(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)。

      B、控制器內部電源的(de)損壞(huai)，一般有以下幾種可能：控制器內部電路(lu)短路(lu)；外圍控制部件短路(lu)；外部引線短路(lu)。

      C、控制(zhi)器(qi)工作(zuo)起(qi)來(lai)時斷(duan)時續(xu)，一(yi)般有(you)以下幾(ji)種可(ke)能：器(qi)件(jian)本身在(zai)高溫(wen)或低溫(wen)環(huan)境下參(can)數漂移；控制(zhi)器(qi)總體設計功耗大導致某些器(qi)件(jian)局部溫(wen)度過(guo)高而使器(qi)件(jian)本身進入保護狀態；接觸不良。

      D、連接線磨損及接觸插件接觸不良或脫落，一般有以下幾種可能：線材選擇不合理；對線材的保護不完備；接插件的選型不好；線束與接插件的壓接不牢。
     控制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)器故(gu)障(zhang)與(yu)檢(jian)(jian)修   通過測(ce)量(liang)控制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)器連接部件或引線的電(dian)源電(dian)壓(ya)或信號電(dian)壓(ya)，可分(fen)析(xi)判(pan)斷出控制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)器的故(gu)障(zhang)所(suo)在。以(yi)下是(shi)控制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)器常見故(gu)障(zhang)的檢(jian)(jian)測(ce)與(yu)排除方法。

    一、有(you)刷控制(zhi)器沒有(you)輸出(chu)

    將萬用表(biao)設置(zhi)在+20V（DC）檔(dang)位(wei)(wei)，先測量閘(zha)把(ba)(ba)輸出信(xin)號的(de)(de)(de)高、低電(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)(wei)。如果(guo)捏(nie)閘(zha)把(ba)(ba)時，閘(zha)把(ba)(ba)信(xin)號有超過4V的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)(wei)變化，則可(ke)排除閘(zha)把(ba)(ba)故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)。之(zhi)后(hou)，按(an)照有刷控制器(qi)(qi)常用芯(xin)(xin)(xin)片(pian)引腳(jiao)功能表(biao)，與測量出的(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)控芯(xin)(xin)(xin)片(pian)與邏輯芯(xin)(xin)(xin)片(pian)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓值進行電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)分析(xi)，并(bing)檢(jian)查各芯(xin)(xin)(xin)片(pian)外圍(wei)器(qi)(qi)件(jian)（電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻、電(dian)(dian)(dian)容、二極管）的(de)(de)(de)數值是否和(he)元件(jian)表(biao)面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)表(biao)識相一致，檢(jian)查出是外圍(wei)器(qi)(qi)件(jian)或是集(ji)成電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)出現故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)。我們可(ke)以通過更換同型號的(de)(de)(de)器(qi)(qi)件(jian)來排除故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)。

    二(er)、無刷控制器沒(mei)有輸(shu)出

    無刷控制器電(dian)源與閘把(ba)的故障可以參考有(you)刷控制器的故障排(pai)除方法予以排(pai)除。

    三、飛車

    飛(fei)車故障(zhang)一般是由MOS管(guan)擊(ji)穿引起(qi)的(de)。判斷MOS管(guan)好(hao)壞的(de)方法，可用萬用表(biao)的(de)二極管(guan)檔位(wei)測(ce)量(liang)MOS管(guan)三個引腳，應該沒有短路現象(xiang)。如果MOS管(guan)損壞，則可以通過更(geng)換同型號的(de)器件(jian)來排(pai)除(chu)故障(zhang)。

    四、有刷控制器部件的(de)電源不(bu)正常

    控制器內部(bu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)一般采用三端穩壓(ya)(ya)集成(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器，一般用7805、7806、7812、7815規格(ge)的(de)(de)(de)穩壓(ya)(ya)集成(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路，它們(men)(men)的(de)(de)(de)輸出電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)分別是(shi)5V、6V、12V、15V。將萬用表設置在直流電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)+20V（DC）檔位(wei)，將萬用表筆黑(hei)表筆與紅表筆分別靠在轉把的(de)(de)(de)黑(hei)線和(he)紅線上(shang)，觀察萬用表讀(du)數是(shi)否與標稱(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)相(xiang)符，它們(men)(men)的(de)(de)(de)上(shang)下電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)差(cha)不(bu)應超過0.2V，否則說明控制器內部(bu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)出現故(gu)障了。一般有刷控制器可以(yi)通過更換三端穩壓(ya)(ya)集成(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路排除(chu)故(gu)障。

    五、無刷控制器(qi)完全沒有(you)輸出(chu)

    參照無刷控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)器(qi)(qi)主(zhu)相(xiang)位檢(jian)查測量(liang)圖(tu)，用萬用表直(zhi)流電(dian)(dian)壓+50V檔，檢(jian)測6路MOS管柵極電(dian)(dian)壓是(shi)(shi)否與轉(zhuan)(zhuan)把的(de)(de)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)動角呈(cheng)對(dui)應關系。如果(guo)沒有對(dui)應關系，表示控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)器(qi)(qi)里(li)的(de)(de)PWM電(dian)(dian)路或MOS管驅動電(dian)(dian)路有故障(zhang)。參照無刷控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)器(qi)(qi)主(zhu)相(xiang)位檢(jian)查圖(tu)，測量(liang)芯(xin)片(pian)的(de)(de)輸入輸出引腳的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)壓是(shi)(shi)否與轉(zhuan)(zhuan)把轉(zhuan)(zhuan)動角度有對(dui)應關系，可以判斷出是(shi)(shi)哪(na)些芯(xin)片(pian)有故障(zhang)。更換同型號芯(xin)片(pian)即可排除(chu)故障(zhang)。

    六、電路元(yuan)件的更(geng)換方(fang)法與(yu)注意事項

    在檢測出集(ji)成電(dian)路(lu)、MOS管損壞(huai)的情況(kuang)下(xia)，就(jiu)需要更換集(ji)成電(dian)路(lu)、MOS管，下(xia)面介紹一些常用(yong)的操作方法。

    1、拆卸集成電路

    拆卸時(shi)，用(yong)(yong)(yong)酒(jiu)精燈火焰(yan)外(wai)焰(yan)加熱印刷(shua)(shua)電(dian)路(lu)板焊(han)接(jie)(jie)成電(dian)路(lu)引腳焊(han)盤，快速均勻地移動印刷(shua)(shua)電(dian)路(lu)板，直至(zhi)所有焊(han)盤的(de)(de)焊(han)錫融(rong)化，用(yong)(yong)(yong)鑷子將(jiang)(jiang)集(ji)成電(dian)路(lu)從印刷(shua)(shua)電(dian)路(lu)板上取下。焊(han)接(jie)(jie)時(shi)，將(jiang)(jiang)焊(han)孔里的(de)(de)焊(han)錫清除干凈，將(jiang)(jiang)集(ji)成電(dian)路(lu)插(cha)裝好，用(yong)(yong)(yong)接(jie)(jie)地良好的(de)(de)電(dian)烙鐵(tie)迅速焊(han)接(jie)(jie)好各引腳。注意速度(du)(du)要(yao)快，以免因焊(han)接(jie)(jie)時(shi)間長，引起局部溫(wen)度(du)(du)過高，損壞(huai)電(dian)路(lu)或焊(han)盤。

2、拆卸功率器件

    拆卸(xie)時，將(jiang)MOS管(guan)或三端穩壓的(de)管(guan)腳剪斷(duan)，然后分別焊(han)下它們的(de)引腳，這樣可以避免拆卸(xie)大管(guan)腳元(yuan)件(jian)時損(sun)壞印(yin)刷電路板焊(han)盤。

    3、焊接(jie)(jie)集成(cheng)電路(lu)、功率器件(jian)焊接(jie)(jie)的(de)(de)竅(qiao)門(men)在(zai)(zai)于是否能一(yi)次性焊接(jie)(jie)好。因為電烙鐵是有一(yi)定熱量的(de)(de)，如果將電烙鐵長(chang)時間的(de)(de)停留在(zai)(zai)焊接(jie)(jie)處，很(hen)可能會(hui)使電烙鐵上(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)熱量傳遞到非焊接(jie)(jie)的(de)(de)部件(jian)上(shang)(shang)，損(sun)壞高精度的(de)(de)部件(jian)。這就是電動車電元件(jian)焊接(jie)(jie)時，特別值得注意(yi)的(de)(de)地方(fang)，以(yi)此來避(bi)免(mian)損(sun)壞元件(jian)內部的(de)(de)電路(lu)。焊接(jie)(jie)集成(cheng)電路(lu)、功率器件(jian)，首(shou)先要除(chu)去多余(yu)的(de)(de)焊錫，使焊錫