儲能系列報告之二:美國市場打響第一
儲能(neng)元年,爆發始點。美(mei)國是最早推動儲能(neng)示范項目的國家(jia),當(dang)前加(jia)州的政策扶持力度正在加(jia)強(qiang),Tesla推出(chu)儲能(neng)產品,與SolarCity一(yi)同(tong)撬開儲能(neng)市場。
儲能(neng)元年,爆發始點。美國(guo)是最早推動儲能(neng)示范項目的國(guo)家(jia),當前加(jia)州的政策(ce)扶持(chi)力(li)度正(zheng)在加(jia)強(qiang),Tesla推出儲能(neng)產品,與SolarCity一同撬開儲能(neng)市場(chang)。
成本下降:鋰電池產(chan)能(neng)投放(fang),規(gui)模(mo)化帶動成本(ben)(ben)驟降(jiang)(jiang)。近10年(nian)(nian)(nian)美國(guo)零(ling)售電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)價復合增速3.3%,而(er)過去兩年(nian)(nian)(nian)儲(chu)能(neng)成本(ben)(ben)下降(jiang)(jiang)35%。隨著鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的大規(gui)模(mo)擴產(chan),比(bi)亞迪、ATL、國(guo)軒(xuan)今年(nian)(nian)(nian)底產(chan)能(neng)開(kai)始(shi)(shi)(shi)投放(fang),三星、LG明年(nian)(nian)(nian)產(chan)能(neng)開(kai)始(shi)(shi)(shi)投放(fang),Tesla后年(nian)(nian)(nian)產(chan)能(neng)開(kai)始(shi)(shi)(shi)投放(fang),鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)成本(ben)(ben)將會加(jia)速下降(jiang)(jiang)。儲(chu)能(neng)成本(ben)(ben)下降(jiang)(jiang)達到臨界(jie)點之后,將逐步打(da)開(kai)龐大的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力市場,遠大于當前的消費電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動汽車(che)用鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)市場。
市場(chang)(chang)激活(huo):發電(dian)(dian)側替代(dai)峰值發電(dian)(dian)機組,用(yong)(yong)戶側靈活(huo)購電(dian)(dian)。在發電(dian)(dian)側,當儲(chu)能(neng)成(cheng)本小(xiao)于新建峰值燃氣裝機成(cheng)本,可(ke)實現(xian)經(jing)濟性;在工商業用(yong)(yong)戶側,在相對市場(chang)(chang)化的(de)加(jia)州等地,波峰波谷價差(cha)極大(可(ke)差(cha)6倍),儲(chu)能(neng)節能(neng)空間大;在居民側,可(ke)利(li)用(yong)(yong)光伏與儲(chu)能(neng)替代(dai)從電(dian)(dian)網買電(dian)(dian),尤其在高(gao)電(dian)(dian)價的(de)地區,不需要(yao)任(ren)何補貼(tie)的(de)平價已(yi)經(jing)臨近(jin)。
市(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)空(kong)間,萬億市(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)開啟。短期(qi)看(kan)GTM預計(ji)2020年(nian)美國(guo)(guo)累計(ji)儲能(neng)裝機將達到3.6GW,約(yue)合(he)(he)12GWh,市(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)規(gui)(gui)模240億人民(min)(min)幣;國(guo)(guo)際能(neng)源署(shu)以(yi)及國(guo)(guo)際可再生(sheng)能(neng)源署(shu)預測(ce)全球(qiu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池儲能(neng)規(gui)(gui)模2020年(nian)增至(zhi)25GW,市(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)規(gui)(gui)模約(yue)為1800億人民(min)(min)幣,相(xiang)當于(yu)目(mu)前消費電(dian)(dian)(dian)子鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)池市(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)規(gui)(gui)模的(de)兩倍多(duo)。長期(qi)來看(kan),美國(guo)(guo)能(neng)源局預計(ji)可以(yi)儲能(neng)替代利用率較低的(de)發輸配電(dian)(dian)(dian)側投資,合(he)(he)計(ji)全球(qiu)市(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)空(kong)間約(yue)為10000億人民(min)(min)幣,而(er)Tesla預計(ji)光伏+儲能(neng)實現(xian)平價用電(dian)(dian)(dian)領域市(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)規(gui)(gui)模更是(shi)上萬億美元。
投資策略:把握儲能大時代的脈搏。政策已經開啟儲能市場的大門,Tesla引領產業前進,隨著成本的加速下降,儲能發電側、用戶側市場將逐一被激活。投資策略上建議關注國內外儲能解決方案提供商。重點推薦做系統解決方案的欣旺達、科陸電子、陽光電源。鉛酸電池整合告一段落,天能動(dong)力、超(chao)威動(dong)力和解。重點關(guan)注(zhu)港股的(de)天威動(dong)力、超(chao)能動(dong)力,推薦A股南都電源(yuan),圣陽股份。
