本文介紹了幾種正確識別舊蓄電瓶正負電(dian)極的簡易(yi)方法(fa)．以供大家在自行充電(dian)或檢測時(shi)作快速判斷。

1.根據蓄電瓶電極設計特點判斷

一般常用的蓄電瓶在生產設計時．其電(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶(ping)樁(zhuang)較粗些(xie)的(de)一端為(wei)(wei)正(zheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)．另一端則細些(xie)為(wei)(wei)負電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)，同(tong)時可(ke)辨(bian)認一下電(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶(ping)樁(zhuang)柱的(de)顏色，其中正(zheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)樁(zhuang)柱呈現深棕色，而負電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)則呈現為(wei)(wei)深灰色。另外有些(xie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶(ping)的(de)正(zheng)負標記(ji)用英文字母表示(shi)(shi)，即P表示(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)正(zheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)，N表示(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)負電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)，這在檢修充電(dian)(dian)(dian)時可(ke)千(qian)萬不能搞錯。

2．采用萬用表電壓擋測量(liang)

可將萬用表撥至直流擋位上，兩表筆分別跨接在蓄電瓶兩電極上，此時若電瓶顯示出正常電壓值，則證明紅色表筆所觸的電極為電瓶正電(dian)(dian)(dian)極．而黑表(biao)筆(bi)(bi)處(chu)則為負電(dian)(dian)(dian)極。有時測得電(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶(ping)無正常電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓存在，則可測量電(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶(ping)的弱微(wei)存電(dian)(dian)(dian)量加(jia)以判斷。當兩(liang)表(biao)筆(bi)(bi)碰觸電(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶(ping)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極后(hou)，表(biao)針(zhen)若向(xiang)右微(wei)微(wei)晃動(dong)，即證明紅(hong)(hong)筆(bi)(bi)處(chu)為電(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶(ping)正電(dian)(dian)(dian)極．黑表(biao)筆(bi)(bi)處(chu)為負電(dian)(dian)(dian)極。但(dan)如果萬(wan)用表(biao)指針(zhen)向(xiang)左(zuo)晃動(dong)(表(biao)針(zhen)反打(da))，則證明紅(hong)(hong)筆(bi)(bi)所觸及處(chu)為電(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶(ping)的負電(dian)(dian)(dian)極。

3.采用導(dao)線短路進(jin)行(xing)識別

將(jiang)兩根銅芯電(dian)源線(xian)分(fen)別(bie)跨接在待測定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)舊電(dian)瓶(ping)電(dian)極(ji)處，再將(jiang)正常配置好的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)解液(濃鹽水(shui))倒(dao)入(ru)一(yi)(yi)只玻璃茶杯內，將(jiang)電(dian)源線(xian)兩端(duan)分(fen)別(bie)插入(ru)茶杯內，并(bing)各自(zi)擱放在玻璃杯兩側邊沿(兩線(xian)在杯中不(bu)能相碰)，然后觀察各自(zi)引線(xian)端(duan)在電(dian)解液中的(de)(de)(de)冒(mao)泡(pao)(pao)情況，如果(guo)某(mou)一(yi)(yi)電(dian)線(xian)線(xian)端(duan)氣(qi)泡(pao)(pao)上泛(fan)的(de)(de)(de)小(xiao)泡(pao)(pao)明顯(xian)而又較多時．則說明電(dian)源線(xian)連接電(dian)瓶(ping)的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)端(duan)為(wei)負電(dian)極(ji)，氣(qi)泡(pao)(pao)上泛(fan)少而又不(bu)明顯(xian)端(duan)則為(wei)電(dian)瓶(ping)的(de)(de)(de)正電(dian)極(ji)。

4.利(li)用整流二極管測定

電源穩壓器中的整流二極管具有單向導電性能可找一支整流二極管．一只40w白熾燈．然后依次按電瓶的一個樁柱→二極管+端→二極管-端→白熾燈→電瓶另一樁柱順序串接起來，形成一個電燈串聯回路，此時若回路中的白熾燈被點燃發光，則證明二極管極端與電瓶樁柱連接處為電瓶(ping)的(de)正電極(ji)，另一端為電瓶(ping)的(de)負(fu)電極(ji)。